Reform of Education Services for Adolescents Through Digital Technology

The problem of HIV/AIDS cases affects the number of human resources in education such as teachers, administrators, principals who are reduced due to illness or death. Increasing cases of HIV/AIDS that spread among adolescents make the government pay more attention to the increase in these cases. Empirical facts found during the study show that one of the stakeholders in the world of education stated that learning about HIV/AIDS prevention has not been considered an urgent matter. The research is qualitative research using a descriptive approach based on the perspective of public policy. In this case, researchers have developed a basic health promotion system about HIV/AIDS and have been introduced to sufferers newly infected with HIV/AIDS. The results of studies in the city of Banjarmasin explored policy issues in education for the prevention of HIV/AIDS. Study findings assist policymakers in making decisions regarding HIV/AIDS prevention policies.

The Influence of Perceptions of Social Support and Family Health Tasks on HIV/AIDS Prevention Behavior in Adolescents

Adolescents are physically and psychologically vulnerable to the transmission of HIV/AIDS, so that they become the focus of the population for disease prevention programs. This study aims to determine the effect of perceptions of social support and family health tasks on HIV/AIDS prevention behavior in adolescents in Baros Village, Serang, Banten. This study employed a quantitative research method with a cross-sectional design. The number of samples was 345 adolescents who were at risk of HIV/AIDS in Baros Village, Serang, Banten. Sampling from each class administering stratified sampling method. Researchers reproduced research questionnaires with an offline system which had previously been examined for the validity and reliability of a number of samples that have been calculated. Furthermore, for research questionnaires with an online system, distribution is conducted via a link from the google form. The chi-square test was administered to examine HIV/AIDS prevention behavior variables. A logistic regression test was used to see the most influential factors on HIV/AIDS prevention behavior. The results revealed a relationship between gender and family health tasks in recognizing HIV/AIDS prevention behavior problems in adolescents in Baros Village, Serang, Banten, with a p-value <0.05. The factor that most influenced HIV/AIDS prevention behavior was the family health task in recognizing problems with a p-value of 0.007 <0.05 with the largest OR value obtained, which is 1.978. Therefore, families should improve their ability to conduct health tasks in communicating and directing adolescents in HIV/AIDS prevention behavior.

Peran Komunitas Gereja terhadap Peningkatan Self Awareness untuk Mencegah Peningkatan HIV/ AIDS: Kajian Literatur [Role of the Church Community in Increasing Self Awareness to Prevent an Increase in HIV/AIDS: Literature Review]

<p><em>Background: People infected with HIV (PIWH) are increasing in number in Karo Regency every year. Therefore, all sub-districts or villages contribute the incidence of HIV / AIDS. While the HIV prevention </em><em>program already exists at KPA GBKP (Commission on HIV /AIDS Prevention of Batak Karo Protestant Church) but has not seen its effect. Methods: Literature review are conducted using the PRISMA model. All studies reviewed were quantitative, with most studies using cross sectional studies (14.29%), using literature reviews (9.52%), using experiments (28.57), using quasi experiments (33.33%, and using Randomized Control Trial/RCT (14.29%). Sample sizes varied from 134 to 1444 participants. The dependent variable is HIV/AIDS prevention. Independent variables are church members, family support, and increased self-awareness. Of the 1173 articles, 21 that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected for the study. The articles were collected from 4 database sources including Proquest, EBSCO-CINAHL, Springer Link and Google Scoler. Result: HIV/AIDS prevention was influenced by self awareness (18.1%), church members (9%), family support (54.5%), and interventions to prevent HIV/AIDS (27.2%). Although some countries had revealed that the promotion of HIV/AIDS health and prevention was improved and the concern of all communities to reduce the stigma of HIV/AIDS. Conclusion: Increased HIV/AIDS prevention was influenced by the role of church members, community, family support, and increased self awareness.</em></p><p><strong>BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRAK: </strong>Latar Belakang: Orang yang terinfeksi dengan HIV (ODHA semakin meningkat jumlahnya di Kabupaten Karo setiap tahun. Oleh karena, semua wilayah kecamatan atau desa ikut menyumbangkan angka kejadian penyakit HIV/AIDS. Sementara program pencegahan HIV sudah ada dilakukan di KPA GBKP (Komisi Penangulangan HIV/AIDS Gereja Batak Karo Protestan) tetapi belum terlihat pengaruhnya. Metode: Kajian literatur dilakukan dengan menggunakan model PRISMA. Semua studi yang ditinjau adalah kuantitatif, dengan sebagian besar studi menggunakan studi cross sectional (14,29%), menggunakan tinjauan literatur (9,52%), menggunakan eksperimen (28,57), menggunakan quasi eksperimen (33,33%, dan menggunakan <em>Randomized Control Trial/RCT</em> (14,29%). Ukuran sampel bervariasi dari 134 hingga 1.444 peserta. Variabel dependen adalah pencegahan HIV/AIDS. Variabel yang tidak tergantung adalah anggota gereja, dukungan keluarga, dan peningkatan <em>self awareness</em>. Dari 1.173 artikel, 21 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yang dipilih untuk penelitian ini. Artikel-artikel tersebut dikumpulkan dari 4 sumber basis data meliputi Proquest, EBSCO-CINAHL, Springer Link dan Google Scoler. Hasil: Pencegahan HIV/ AIDS dipengaruhi oleh <em>self awareness</em> (18,1%), anggota gereja (9%), dukungan keluarga (54,5%), dan intervensi untuk mencegah HIV/AIDS (27,2%). Meskipun beberapa negara telah mengungkapkan bahwa promosi kesehatan dan pencegahan HIV/AIDS ditingkatkan dan kepedulian semua masyarakat untuk mengurangi stigma HIV/ AIDS. Kesimpulan: Peningkatan pencegahan HIV/ AIDS dipengaruhi oleh peran anggota gereja, komunitas, dukungan keluarga, dan peningkatan <em>self awareness</em>.</p>

The experience of the Moscow City Center for AIDS Prevention and Treatment of using glecaprevir/pibrentasvir in patients with HIV/HCV coinfection

The aim of the study is to analyze the experience of the Moscow Center for HIV/AIDS Prevention and Treatment on antiviral therapy of chronic hepatitis C in patients with HIV/ HCV coinfection in real-world evidence (RWE).Methods. The data from the outpatient cards of 12 adults and 53 children with HIV/HCV in the Moscow Center for HIV/AIDS Prevention and Treatment were analyzed for the period from 2020 to October 2021. In addition to standard laboratory tests, the viral load of HIV RNA, HCV RNA was examined in all patients, the HCV genotype was determined, the degree of liver fibrosis was assessed by liver fibroelastometry.Results: Among adult patients 10 (83,4%) were infected with HCV Gt 3, while 2 patients (16,6%) had Gt 1a/3. 5 (41,7%) patients were treatment-naïve and 7 (58,3%) had previously received sofosbuvir and daclatasvir. All 12 adult patients received glecaprevir/pibrentasvir for 8-16 weeks, depending on the treatment experience. 3 (25%) patients with HCV Gt 3 previously treated with DAAs received triple combination of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir, sofosbuvir and ribavirin for 12 weeks. As a result, 100% (12/12) of patients treated with glecaprevir/pibrentasvir achieved SVR12, no adverse events or cases of intolerance were identified.In the general group of adolescents with HCV/HIV coinfection (n = 53), the distribution by HCV genotypes was as follows: Gt 1 – 26 (49%), Gt 3 – 27 (51%). 15 (28,3%) adolescents received interferon-2a (SVR – 40% (6/15)), 9 adolescents received Peg-interferon-2a (SVR – 33% (3/9)) and 16 adolescents received glecaprevir/pibrentasvir. The mean duration of HIV/HCV coinfection in 16 adolescents receiving glecaprevir/pibrentasvir was 12,5 (1-17) years. Of these, 11 (68,3%) were infected with HCV Gt 1 and 5 (31,7%) with HCV Gt 3. 11 patients (68,3%) had prior treatment history with interferon and peginterferon regimens. The distribution of fibrosis stages was as follows: F0 – 56,3% (9/16), F1 – 31,3% (5/16), F2 – 12,4% (2/16). All 16 adolescents received 8 weeks of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir. 100% of patients were aviremic after 4 weeks from the start of therapy. All patients achieved SVR12. No adverse events and/or intolerance of glecaprevir/ pibrentasvir were identified.Conclusion. This observation demonstrates the high efficacy and safety of treatment with direct-acting antiviral drugs in both adults and children with HIV/HCV coinfection. Diagnosis and treatment of chronic hepatitis C in patients of reproductive age with HIV/HCV coinfection before pregnancy will help to completely eliminate the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HCV. Timely, effective, and modern antiviral therapy of already infected adolescents with HCV will make it possible to take a step towards eliminating hepatitis C through microelimination in the described socially significant groups of patients

Survey Evaluation of AIDS Prevention Awareness Campaign Use of Kirkpatrick Model

Background: AIDS is a pandemic and a health challenge in the world and all the people of society are at risk of this health problem. Awareness Campaign has become increasingly used in recent years and aims to convey persuasive messages to perform specific behaviors in the target group. The aim of this research was to determine the effectiveness of AIDS prevention and awareness campaign in students through the use of Kirkpatrick’s Evaluation Model. Methods: the cross-sectional study was conducted in border areas of the Sarvabad City in 2018. A total of 564 students in high school were randomly selected. This research was based on Kirkpatrick model. This model considers the effectiveness of training programs in four levels, reaction, learning, behavior and results. Required data were collected by a questionnaire based Kirkpatrick model. Media used in this campaign included: banner, pamphlet, videos and training by health experts. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20. Results: The most attractive media used in awareness campaign for participants were training provided by health professionals (speech and Q&A session) and educational videos, pamphlets and banners, respectively. Awareness and behavior of students significantly increased after the campaign by 51.6% and 25.6%, respectively (P≤0. 00). Conclusion: Kirkpatrick model was effective and can be used to evaluate awareness campaign, because this model shows the changes well that caused by training in reaction, learning and behavior. Therefore effectiveness evaluation in the all subjects needed to be improved through implementation of optimizing training design.

Strategi Kebijakan Kesehatan dan Upaya Pencegahan HIV/AIDS Pada Wanita Pekerja Seks (WPS) : Literature Review

HIV/AIDS is a health problem that has a global impact, one of the causes is proper prevention efforts. HIV prevention must be followed by the implementation of appropriate health policy strategies in each country. The purpose of this study is to identify and identify health policies of HIV/AIDS prevention behavior in FSW. The method of writing a literature review begins with selecting a topic, determining keywords and making journal references. The databases used include Google Scholar, Elsevier, Pubmed. The search for references was limited from 2016 to 2020. The keywords used were “Strategy, Health Policy, Prevention, HIV/AIDS, Female Sex Workers”. A total of 25 articles were included in the availability and 8 articles were included in the discussion. Factors that affect HIV/AIDS prevention in FSW are low knowledge of HIV, inability to negotiate factors, violence, commercial sex for more than 1 year with a partner of 2-3 people for a night. Health policy strategies in various countries are adapted to the needs of FSW according to guidelines, such as improving reproductive health services, VCT, condom distribution and peer support. HIV-based innovation programs such as zoning for localization areas, health promotion from a religious perspective and the DIFFER strategy. All risk factors that need to be considered in determining the HIV/AIDS strategy in FSW by considering advocacy in the region.

Knowledge, attitude, and preferred strategies towards HIV/AIDS prevention among adolescents attending secondary schools in South Western Uganda

Background: Globally, HIV/AIDS continues to rise among adolescents. Ugandan studies have examined knowledge and attitudes regarding HIV/AIDS among adult populations. This study specifically paid attention to this particular age group of adolescents 12-19 years. Aim: To explore HIV knowledge and attitudes among adolescents attending secondary schools Mbarara Uganda. Methods: A qualitative descriptive study was conducted in three secondary schools in South Western Uganda. Forty eight (48) adolescents with age range between 12-19 years were purposively recruited in the study. Data were collected from six focus groups and analyzed thematically. Ethical approval received from MUST (#05/10-17) and UNSCT (#SS4535) review committees. Results: Four themes emerged: Knowledge about HIV, sources of information, attitudes towards persons with HIV and prevention strategies. Most adolescents had the basic knowledge of HIV from multiple sources like social media, health workers, peers, and parents. Their attitudes toward individuals with HIV included compassion, shock, and uneasiness. Par- ticipants suggested prevention programs to be implemented in the schools emphasizing HIV education, life skills, sex edu- cation and the formation of peer groups. Conclusions: The findings showed that most participants had knowledge about HIV and how it can be prevented however few had knowledge gap thinking that HIV does not exist. Keywords: Adolescents; attitudes; knowledge; HIV/AIDS; prevention.

Sunset Without AIDS:Protocol for A Randomized Controlled Trial of A Brief Video-Based Intervention To Improve The Ability of AIDS Prevention In Elderly Men.

Background: Although progress has been made in the prevention and treatment of AIDS in China, there are still a considerable number of new infections annually, especially in older men. AIDS health education for older men face a major challenge. Evidence-based, acceptable and scalable interventions are urgently needed to increase their capacity to prevent HIV. We describe a trial protocol to evaluate the effectiveness of a brief video-based intervention targeting older men's ability of AIDS prevention.Design: This study is a randomized controlled trial.The trial will be held in the residents' activity centers of three communities.Methods: A total of 450 older men will be randomly divided into three groups (Sunset Without AIDS intervention group and two control groups) for two weeks. We will assess the feasibility and acceptability of intervention through interviews. The outcomes include changes in participants' knowledge, stigma attitude, risk behaviors attitude and risk behaviors related to AIDS after two weeks and one, three, six months of intervention.Discussion: Sunset Without AIDS may be an innovative way to helpolder men improve AIDS prevention capabilities, fill the gap in video-based AIDS prevention education for the older men in China, and gain experience of AIDS education. This project will innovate the AIDS education ideas of older men and enrich the theoretical research content of AIDS related education of older men.The findings may also provide the basis for the research and formulation of more reasonable AIDS education strategies and prevention and control policies for the elderly.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2100045708(data assigned:23 April 2021,http://www.chictr.org.cn/listbycreater.aspx).