Polymorphisms in tumour necrosis factor α, interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor β1 genes and end-stage liver disease

Tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα)-converting enzyme (TACE/ADAM-17, where ADAM stands for a disintegrin and metalloproteinase) releases from the cell surface the extracellular domains of TNF and several other proteins. Previous studies have found that, while purified TACE preferentially cleaves peptides representing the processing sites in TNF and transforming growth factor α, the cellular enzyme nonetheless also sheds proteins with divergent cleavage sites very efficiently. More recent work, identifying the cleavage site in the p75 TNF receptor, quantifying the susceptibility of additional peptides to cleavage by TACE and identifying additional protein substrates, underlines the complexity of TACE-substrate interactions. In addition to substrate specificity, the mechanism underlying the increased rate of shedding caused by agents that activate cells remains poorly understood. Recent work in this area, utilizing a peptide substrate as a probe for cellular TACE activity, indicates that the intrinsic activity of the enzyme is somehow increased.

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Tumour necrosis factor-α/interleukin-10 ratio in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea hypopnoea syndrome

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215114002990 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 129 (1) ◽

pp. 73-78 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

H Jiang ◽

H Cao ◽

P Wang ◽

W Liu ◽

F Cao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tumour Necrosis Factor ◽

Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽

Tumour Necrosis ◽

Positive Airway Pressure ◽

Interleukin 10 ◽

Sleep Apnoea ◽

Tumour Necrosis Factor Α ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Factor Α ◽

Necrosis Factor

AbstractObjective:To explore the significance of the tumour necrosis factor-α/interleukin-10 ratio and the effect of continuous positive airway pressure in patients with different degrees of obstructive sleep apnoea hypopnoea syndrome severity.Method:This study comprised 135 patients with obstructive sleep apnoea hypopnoea syndrome and 94 control subjects.Results:Tumour necrosis factor-α and tumour necrosis factor-α/interleukin-10 ratio values were significantly higher in the obstructive sleep apnoea hypopnoea syndrome group than in the control group, but interleukin-10 was significantly lower. Tumour necrosis factor-α/interleukin-10 ratio values increased in line with the severity of obstructive sleep apnoea hypopnoea syndrome. In multivariate analysis, the tumour necrosis factor-α/interleukin-10 ratio correlated positively with the apnoea–hypopnoea index and all indices of obstructive sleep apnoea hypopnoea syndrome, except for age, body mass index and neck circumference. After one month of continuous positive airway pressure therapy, levels of tumour necrosis factor-α decreased; interleukin-10 showed no change.Conclusion:The results suggest that inflammation is activated and anti-inflammatory cytokines are decreased in obstructive sleep apnoea hypopnoea syndrome patients. Tumour necrosis factor-α/interleukin-10 ratio may prove useful for severity monitoring and management of obstructive sleep apnoea hypopnoea syndrome patients, and may reduce the need for polysomnography.

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