CLINICAL STUDIES ON THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM TO pH AND pCO2 IN ARTERIAL BLOOD

✓ Intracranial pressures above and below the tentorium, arterial blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rate were recorded continuously before, during, and after expansion of a supratentorial mass in awake unsedated cats. In general, as the mass enlarged, the intracranial pressure rose; however, considerable variation was observed among animals with respect to specific mass size and associated intracranial pressures. There was considerable variation in the relationship of supratentorial pressure to infratentorial pressure. No animal survived that had sustained a mass-induced pressure exceeding 1100 mm H2O, and survival was shorter with greater pressures. Systemic hypertension occurred always and only when the infratentorial pressure exceeded 600 mm H2O, regardless of the magnitude of the associated supratentorial intracranial pressure. The methodological limitations of previous studies of mass-induced intracranial hypertension appear to have been substantially reduced by the technique described.

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Relationship of pyruvate and lactate during anaerobic metabolism. V: Coronary adequacy

American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content ◽

10.1152/ajplegacy.1961.200.6.1169 ◽

1961 ◽

Vol 200 (6) ◽

pp. 1169-1176 ◽

Cited By ~ 79

Author(s):

William E. Huckabee

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Coronary Flow ◽

Cardiac Tissue ◽

Anaerobic Metabolism ◽

Constant Ratio ◽

Blood Concentrations ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

Anesthetized Dogs ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Veno-arterial differences of pyruvate and lactate across the myocardium in chloralose-anesthetized dogs were very variable; in any one animal they changed continually with time despite constant blood flow and arterial blood concentrations. There was a systematic tendency of v-a lactate to vary with v-a pyruvate, as expressed in the calculated "Δ excess lactate," which remained nearly constant (or, if blood flow changed, bore a constant ratio to (a-v)O2). No change in Δ excess lactate from control values occurred in nonhypoxic experiments despite marked changes in v-a differences, arterial blood composition, and coronary flow. Cardiac Δ excess lactate became positive in most animals breathing 10% O2 in N2; output of excess lactate was also observed in all those in which moderate muscular exercise was induced. This anaerobic metabolism, or change in the relationship between pyruvate and lactate exchanges, was interpreted as an indication that O2 delivery response was not adequate to meet cardiac tissue requirements during such mild stresses when judged by the standards of adequacy of the basal state.

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Pre-embarkment Prognostication for Acute Paraquat Poisoning

Human & Experimental Toxicology ◽

10.1177/096032719000900604 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 381-384 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Hiroshi Yamaguchi ◽

Shigehito Sato ◽

Seiji Watanabe ◽

Hiroshi Naito

Keyword(s):

Survival Rate ◽

Medical Records ◽

Base Excess ◽

Colour Reaction ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

Blood Ph ◽

Paraquat Poisoning ◽

Qualitative Test ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

1 In order to assess which laboratory parameters could be related to the prognosis of patients with acute paraquat poisoning, we reviewed the medical records of 160 patients who had ingested paraquat in an attempt at suicide. 2 Serum creatinine and potassium concentrations, arterial blood bicarbonate and base excess levels, arterial blood pH, volume of paraquat ingested and the strength of the urinary paraquat qualitative test (sodium dithionate colour reaction) on admission in the surviving patients were significantly different from those of the patients who died within 48 h of ingestion. 3 The relationship of the quantity Eq1 defined as: Eq1 = ([K +] × [HCO-3]) / ([Cre] × 0.088) (mEq l-1 ) against the interval of time after ingestion to admission (T) had a significant correlation with prognosis ( P < 0.01). Patients with Eq1 > (1500 - 399 × LogT) had a 90% survival rate, Eq1: (930 - 399 × LogT) < Eq1 ≤ (1500 - 399 × LogT) 38% and Eq1 ≤ (930 - 399 × LogT) 3%, P < 0.01.

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Relationship of perfusion pressure and size to risk of hemorrhage from arteriovenous malformations

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/jns.1992.76.6.0918 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 76 (6) ◽

pp. 918-923 ◽

Cited By ~ 294

Author(s):

Robert F. Spetzler ◽

Ronald W. Hargraves ◽

Patrick W. McCormick ◽

Joseph M. Zabramski ◽

Richard A. Flom ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Perfusion Pressure ◽

Feeding Artery ◽

Content Type ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

The Mean ◽

Feeding Pressure ◽

Risk Of Hemorrhage ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Fine Print

✓ The relationship between the size of an arteriovenous malformation (AVM) and its propensity to hemorrhage is unclear. Although nidus volume increases geometrically with respect to AVM diameter, hemorrhages are at least as common, in small AVM's compared to large AVM's. The authors prospectively evaluated 92 AVM's for nidus size, hematoma size, and arterial feeding pressure to determine if these variables influence the tendency to hemorrhage. Small AVM's (diameter ≤ 3 cm) presented with hemorrhage significantly more often (p < 0.001) than large AVM's (diameter > 6 cm), the incidence being 82% versus 21%. Intraoperative arterial pressures were recorded from the main feeding vessel(s) in 24 of the 92 patients in this series: 10 presented with hemorrhage and 14 presented with other neurological symptoms. In the AVM's that had hemorrhaged, the mean difference between mean arterial blood pressure and the feeding artery pressure was 6.5 mm Hg (range 2 to 15 mm Hg). In the AVM's that did not rupture, this difference was 40 mm Hg (range 17 to 63 mm Hg). Smaller AVM's had significantly higher feeding artery pressures (p < 0.05) than did larger AVM's, and they were associated with large hemorrhages. It is suggested that differences in arterial feeding pressure may be responsible for the observed relationship between the size of AVM's and the frequency and severity of hemorrhage.

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