Single Impact Injury of Vertebral Endplates Without Structural Disruption, Initiates Disc Degeneration Through Piezo1 Mediated Inflammation and Metabolism Dysfunction

Abstract Background : Intervertebral disc degeneration is usually attributed to ageing, genetic, mechanical, and nutritional factors et al. It has been acknowledged that the degenerative process is associated with an aberrant cell-medicated response to structural failures, such as vertebral burst fracture, radial fissures, and endplate fracture. Vertebral endplate trauma, due to, Kirschner wire use or drill holes, can induce degenerative changes of the intervertebral disc (IVD). However, whether a single impact injury of the endplates without structural disruption, which is common seen in the clinic, is sufficiently to initiate disc degeneration is still controversial. This study is to further evolve an in vitro impact injury model of IVD and to investigate if a single impact injury of the endplates without structural disruption can initiate intervertebral disc degeneration(IVDD). Methods. Rats spinal segments (from L1/2 to L5/6, n=54) were harvested and randomly assigned into three groups: Control (n=18), Low Impact (12 J/cm 3 , n=18) and High Impact (25 J/cm 3 , n=18). Samples in both of the impact groups were subjected pure axial impact loading using a custom-made apparatus, and cultured for 14 days. The degenerative process was investigated by using histomorphology and real-time PCR. Results: The discs in both of the impact groups showed significant degenerative changes at 14 days, both of which showed much higher histological scores and up-regulation of the catabolic (MMP-9, MMP-13) genes transcription than that of the control group ( P ＜0.05). The discs with endplate fracture compared to that with intact endplate also showed strongly up-regulated catabolic (MMP-9, MMP-13) genes transcription, and more significant degenerative changes based on the histological scoring ( P ＜0.05). No significant difference of anabolic (TGF-β, Col1α1, Col3α1) genes transcription was found between different groups( P ＞0.05). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that a single impact loading (12 J/cm 3 ) on the spinal segments of the rats could initiate IVDD at 14 days after injury and not only endplate impairment but also a single impact loading without structural disruption could also promote IVDD.

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A Momentary Impact Injury of Vertebral Endplates, even without Structural Disruption, Initiates Disc Degeneration In Vitro.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-17192/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Zhengang Sun ◽

Xiaoshuai Wang ◽

Yongjie Jiang ◽

Guoliang Chen ◽

Zenmin Ling ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Disc Degeneration ◽

Impact Load ◽

Degenerative Changes ◽

Control Group ◽

Custom Made ◽

Spinal Segments ◽

The Impact ◽

Impact Injury ◽

Structural Disruption

Abstract Background ： It has been acknowledged that the intervertebral disc degeneration(IDD) is associated with an aberrant cell-medicated response to structural failures, such as vertebral burst fracture, radial fissures, and endplate fracture. However, whether a momentary impact injury of the endplates without structural disruption is sufficiently to initiate disc degeneration remains elusive. This study was to further evolve an in vitro momentary impact injury model of IDD and to investigate if a momentary impact load of the endplates without structural disruption could initiate IDD. Methods. Rats spinal segments (from L1/2 to L5/6, n=54) were harvested and randomly assigned into three groups: Control (n=18), Low Impact (12 J/cm 3 , n=18) and High Impact (25 J/cm 3 , n=18). Samples in both of the impact groups were subjected axial momentary impact load using a custom-made apparatus, and cultured for 14 days. The degenerative process was investigated by using histomorphology and real-time PCR. Results: The discs in both of the impact groups showed significant degenerative changes at 14 days, both of which showed much higher histological scores and up-regulation of the catabolic (MMP-9, MMP-13) genes transcription than that of the control group ( P ＜0.05). The discs with endplate fracture compared to that with intact endplate also showed strongly up-regulated catabolic (MMP-9, MMP-13) genes transcription, and more significant degenerative changes based on the histological scoring ( P ＜0.05). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that a momentary impact load (12 J/cm 3 ) on the spinal segments of the rats could initiate IDD at 14 days after injury and not only endplate fracture but also a momentary impact injury without structural disruption could also promote IDD.

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A Momentary Impact Injury of Vertebral Endplates, even without Structural Disruption, Initiates Disc Degeneration In Vitro.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-17192/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Zhengang Sun ◽

Xiaoshuai Wang ◽

Yongjie Jiang ◽

Guoliang Chen ◽

Zenmin Ling ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Disc Degeneration ◽

Impact Load ◽

Degenerative Changes ◽

Control Group ◽

Custom Made ◽

Spinal Segments ◽

The Impact ◽

Impact Injury ◽

Structural Disruption

Abstract Background ： It has been acknowledged that the intervertebral disc degeneration(IDD) is associated with an aberrant cell-medicated response to structural failures, such as vertebral burst fracture, radial fissures, and endplate fracture. However, whether a momentary impact injury of the endplates without structural disruption, is sufficiently to initiate disc degeneration remains elusive. This study was to further evolve an in vitro momentary impact injury model of IDD and to investigate if a momentary impact load of the endplates without structural disruption could initiate IDD. Methods. Rat spinal segments (from L1/2 to L5/6, n=54) were harvested and randomly assigned into three groups: Control (n=18), Low Impact (12 J/cm 3 , n=18) and High Impact (25 J/cm 3 , n=18). Samples in both of the impact groups were subjected to axial momentary impact load using a custom-made apparatus, and cultured for 14 days. The degenerative process was investigated by using histomorphology and real-time PCR. Results: The discs in both of the impact groups showed significant degenerative changes at 14 days, both of which showed much higher histological scores and up-regulation of the catabolic (MMP-9, MMP-13) genes transcription than that of the control group ( P ＜0.05). The discs with endplate fracture compared to that with intact endplate also showed strongly up-regulated catabolic (MMP-9, MMP-13) genes transcription, and more significant degenerative changes based on the histological scoring ( P ＜0.05). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that a momentary impact load (12 J/cm 3 ) on the spinal segments of the rats could initiate IDD at 14 days after injury and not only endplate fracture but also a momentary impact injury without structural disruption could also promote IDD.

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Association between Measures of Vertebral Endplate Morphology and Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal ◽

10.1016/j.carj.2016.11.002 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 68 (2) ◽

pp. 210-216 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Semra Duran ◽

Mehtap Cavusoglu ◽

Hatice Gul Hatipoglu ◽

Deniz Sozmen Cılız ◽

Bulent Sakman

Keyword(s):

Intervertebral Disc ◽

Disc Degeneration ◽

Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ◽

Lumbar Disc ◽

Lumbar Disc Degeneration ◽

Vertebral Endplate ◽

Lumbar Intervertebral Disc ◽

Sagittal Diameter ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Vertebral Endplates

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between vertebral endplate morphology and the degree of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods In total, 150 patients who met the inclusion criteria and were 20–60 years of age were retrospectively evaluated. Patients were evaluated for the presence of intervertebral disc degeneration or herniation, and the degree of degeneration was assessed at all lumbar levels. Vertebral endplate morphology was evaluated based on the endplate sagittal diameter, endplate sagittal concave angle (ECA), and endplate sagittal concave depth (ECD) on sagittal MRI. The association between intervertebral disc degeneration or herniation and endplate morphological measurements was analysed. Results In MRI, superior endplates ( ie, inferior endplates of the superior vertebra) were concave and inferior endplates ( ie, superior endplates of the inferior vertebra) were flat at all disc levels. A decrease in ECD and an increase in ECA were detected at all lumbar levels as disc degeneration increased ( P < .05). At the L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels, a decrease in ECD and an increase in ECA were detected in the group with herniated lumbar discs ( P < .05). There was no association between lumbar disc degeneration or herniation and endplate sagittal diameter at lumbar intervertebral levels ( P > .05). At all levels, ECD of women was significantly lesser than that of men and ECA of women was significantly greater than that of men ( P < .05). Conclusions There is an association between vertebral endplate morphology and lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration. Vertebral endplates at the degenerated disc level become flat; the severity of this flattening is correlated with the degree of disc degeneration.

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