The effect of different doses of aerobic exercise training on exercise blood pressure in overweight and obese postmenopausal women

Objective: To verify if acute intake of beetroot juice potentiates post-exercise hypotension (PEH) in hypertensive postmenopausal women. Methods: Thirteen hypertensive postmenopausal women (58.1 ± 4.62 years and 27.4 ± 4.25 kg/m²) were recruited to participate in three experimental sessions, taking three different beverages: Beetroot juice (BJ), placebo nitrate-depleted BJ (PLA), and orange flavored non-caloric drink (OFD). The participants performed moderate aerobic exercise training on a treadmill, at 65–70% of heart rate reserve (HRR), for 40 min. After an overnight fast, the protocol started at 07h when the first resting blood pressure (BP) was measured. The beverage was ingested at 07h30 and BP was monitored until the exercise training started, at 09h30. After the end of the exercise session, BP was measured every 15 min over a 90-min period. Saliva samples were collected at rest, immediately before and after exercise, and 90 min after exercise for nitrite (NO2−) analysis. Results: There was an increase in salivary NO2− with BJ intake when compared to OFD and PLA. A slight increase in salivary NO2− was observed with PLA when compared to OFD (p < 0.05), however, PLA resulted in lower salivary NO2− when compared to BJ (p < 0.001). There were no changes in salivary NO2− with the OFD. Systolic and diastolic BP decreased (p < 0.001) on all post exercise time points after all interventions, with no difference between the three beverages. Conclusion: Acute BJ intake does not change PEH responses in hypertensive postmenopausal women, even though there is an increase in salivary NO2−.

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Nitric Oxide and Decreases in Resistance Exercise Blood Pressure With Aerobic Exercise Training in Older Individuals

Frontiers in Physiology ◽

10.3389/fphys.2019.01204 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Takeshi Otsuki ◽

Fumiko Nakamura ◽

Asako Zempo-Miyaki

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Resistance Exercise ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Aerobic Exercise Training ◽

Older Individuals ◽

Exercise Blood Pressure

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Effect of aerobic exercise training on cGMP levels and blood pressure in treated hypertensive postmenopausal women

Motriz Revista de Educação Física ◽

10.1590/s1980-6574201700010001 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Iane P Novais ◽

◽

Aline P Jarrete ◽

Guilherme M Puga ◽

Hygor N Araujo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Aerobic Exercise Training

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Responses of Endothelin-1 and Arterial Blood Pressure of Postmenopausal Women to Aerobic Exercise Training

Salmand ◽

10.21859/sija-1102370 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 370-381

Author(s):

Ahmad Ghasemian ◽

Farhad Daryanoush ◽

Ebrahim Ghasemian ◽

Elham Shakoor

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Arterial Blood Pressure ◽

Aerobic Exercise Training ◽

Endothelin 1 ◽

Arterial Blood

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AB1425-HPR The effects of aerobic exercise training on pain and disability from osteoarthritis of the knee in postmenopausal women

10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-eular.6325 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

A Daşkapan ◽

F. Kilic ◽

E. D. KESKIN

Keyword(s):

Exercise Training ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Aerobic Exercise Training ◽

Osteoarthritis Of The Knee

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Abstract P095: Aerobic Exercise Training Reduces Endothelin-1-mediated Vasoconstriction In Postmenopausal Women

Hypertension ◽

10.1161/hyp.76.suppl_1.p095 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 76 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Megan M Wenner ◽

Caitlin Dow ◽

Jared Greiner ◽

Brian Stauffer ◽

Christopher Desouza

Keyword(s):

Exercise Training ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Exercise Intervention ◽

Aerobic Exercise Training ◽

Receptor Blockade ◽

Maximal Heart Rate ◽

Endothelin 1 ◽

Vasodilator Response ◽

Exercise Induced

Endothelin-1 (ET-1)-mediated vasoconstrictor tone is elevated in postmenopausal women (PMW), contributing to their increased cardiovascular risk. Although aerobic exercise is beneficial in reducing ET-1 system activity in men, it is unknown whether this favorable vascular effect is conferred in women. In fact, contrary to men, it is uncertain whether aerobic exercise training improves endothelial dysfunction in PMW. We tested the hypothesis that aerobic exercise training reduces ET-1-mediated vasoconstriction in PMW. We further hypothesized reductions in ET-1 vasoconstrictor tone underly exercise-induced improvements in endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in PMW. Methods: Forearm blood flow (FBF) responses to intra-arterial infusion of selective ET A receptor blockade (BQ-123, 100 nmol/min for 60 min), acetylcholine (4.0, 8.0 and 16.0 μg/100 mL tissue/min) in the absence and presence of ET A receptor blockade and sodium nitroprusside (1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 μg/100 mL tissue/min) were determined before and after a 12-week aerobic exercise training intervention in 20 healthy, sedentary PMW (56 + 1 yr). Results: All 20 PMW completed the exercise intervention, walking an average of 4.9 + 0.1 d/wk for 50 + 2 min/d at 71 + 1% of maximal heart rate. After the exercise intervention, BQ-123 elicited no significant change in resting FBF in the previously sedentary PMW compared with significant vasodilation (~25%) before exercise. FBF responses to acetylcholine were markedly higher (~25%; P<0.05) after (from 4.3 + 0.3 to 13.8 + 0.8 mL/100 ml tissue/min) vs before (from 4.1 + 0.2 to 11.3 + 0.8 mL/100 ml tissue/min) exercise training. Moreover, before exercise training the co-infusion of BQ-123 with acetylcholine enhanced (~25%; P<0.05) the vasodilator response (from 4.3 + 0.3 to 13.7 + 0.7 mL/100 mL tissue/min) compared with acetylcholine alone; after exercise training, the presence of BQ-123 did not significantly affect the vasodilator response to acetylcholine. Conclusions: These data demonstrate that aerobic exercise training reduces ET-1-mediated vasoconstriction in PMW. Furthermore, decreased ET-1-mediated vasoconstriction is an important mechanism underlying aerobic exercise-induced improvement in endothelium-dependent vasodilation in PMW.

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Effects of resveratrol or estradiol on postexercise endothelial function in estrogen-deficient postmenopausal women

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/japplphysiol.00488.2019 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 128 (4) ◽

pp. 739-747

Author(s):

Cemal Ozemek ◽

Kerry L. Hildreth ◽

Patrick J. Blatchford ◽

K. Joseph Hurt ◽

Rachael Bok ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Exercise Training ◽

Endothelial Function ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Endurance Exercise ◽

Acute Exercise ◽

Aerobic Exercise Training ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Training Effects ◽

Estradiol Treatment

Regular exercise enhances endothelial function in older men, but not consistently in estrogen-deficient postmenopausal women. Estradiol treatment improves basal endothelial function and restores improvements in endothelial function (flow-mediated dilation, FMD) to aerobic exercise training in postmenopausal women; however, estradiol treatment is controversial. Resveratrol, an estrogen receptor ligand, enhances exercise training effects on cardiovascular function and nitric oxide (NO) release in animal models, but impairs exercise training effects in men. We conducted a randomized cross-over, double-blinded, placebo-controlled pilot study to determine whether acute (single dose) resveratrol (250-mg tablet) or estradiol (0.05 mg/day transdermal patch) treatment enhances FMD at rest and after a single bout of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise in healthy estrogen-deficient postmenopausal women ( n = 15, 58.1 ± 3.2 yr). FMD was measured before and after (30, 60, and 120 min) a 40-min bout of moderate-intensity treadmill exercise (60–75% peak heart rate) under the respective conditions (separated by 1-2 wk). FMD was higher ( P < 0.05) before exercise and at all post-exercise time points in the resveratrol and estradiol conditions compared to placebo. FMD was increased from baseline by 120 min postexercise in the estradiol condition ( P < 0.001), but not resveratrol or PL conditions. Consistent with our previous findings, estradiol also enhances endothelial function in response to acute endurance exercise. Although resveratrol improved basal FMD, there was no apparent enhancement of FMD to acute exercise and, therefore, may not act as an estradiol mimetic. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The benefits of endurance exercise training on endothelial function are diminished in estrogen-deficient postmenopausal women, but estradiol treatment appears to restore improvements in endothelial function in this group. We show that basal endothelial function is enhanced with both acute estradiol and resveratrol treatments in estrogen-deficient postmenopausal women, but endothelial function is only enhanced following acute endurance exercise with estradiol treatment.

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