High-Resolution Anorectal Manometry – A Prospective Cohort Study in Healthy Infants

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathrine Gatzinsky ◽  
Staffan Redfors ◽  
Helena Borg ◽  
Christina Linnér ◽  
Ulla Sillén ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Anorectal Manometry ◽  
Healthy Infants

scholarly journals High-Resolution Melting Is a Sensitive, Cost-Effective, Time-Saving Technique for BRAF V600E Detection in Thyroid FNAB Washing Liquid: A Prospective Cohort Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Marino ◽  
Maria Laura Monzani ◽  
Giulia Brigante ◽  
Katia Cioni ◽  
Bruno Madeo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Resolution Melting ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Braf V600e Mutation ◽  
Braf V600e

Objective: The diagnostic accuracy of thyroid fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) can be improved by the combination of cytological and molecular analysis. In this study, washing liquids of FNAB (wFNAB) were tested for the BRAF V600E mutation, using the sensitive and cost-effective technique called high-resolution melting (HRM). The aim was to demonstrate the feasibility of BRAF analysis in wFNAB and its diagnostic utility, combined with cytology. Design: Prospective cohort study. Methods: 481 patients, corresponding to 648 FNAB samples, were subjected to both cytological (on cells smeared onto a glass slide) and molecular analysis (on fluids obtained washing the FNAB needle with 1 ml of saline) of the same aspiration. BRAF V600E analysis was performed by HRM after methodological validation for application to wFNAB (technique sensitivity: 5.4%). Results: The cytological results of the FNAB were: 136 (21%) nondiagnostic (THY1); 415 (64%) benign (THY2); 80 (12.4%) indeterminate (THY3); 9 (1.4%) suspicious for malignancy (THY4); 8 (1.2%) diagnostic of malignancy (THY5). The BRAF V600E mutation was found in 5 THY2, 2 THY3, 6 THY4 and 6 THY5 samples. Papillary carcinoma diagnosis was histologically confirmed in all BRAF+ thyroidectomized patients. BRAF combined with cytology improved the diagnostic value compared to cytology alone in a subgroup of 74 operated patients. Conclusions: HRM was demonstrated to be a feasible method for BRAF analysis in wFNAB. Thanks to its sensitivity and cost-effectiveness, it might be routinely used on a large scale in clinical practice. In perspective, standby wFNAB samples could be analyzed a posteriori in case of indeterminate cytology and/or suspicious findings on ultrasound.

scholarly journals 976. Clostridium difficile Colonization Molecular Epidemiology and Anti-toxin Serological Responses in Healthy Infants: A Prospective Cohort Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S39-S40
Author(s):  
Larry Kociolek ◽  
Ciaran P Kelly ◽  
Robyn Espinosa ◽  
Maria Budz ◽  
Aakash Balaji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Medical Officer ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Healthy Infants ◽  
Unrelated Cord Blood ◽  
Research Grant

Abstract Background Infant C. difficile colonization is common, but the molecular epidemiology and immunologic consequences of colonization are poorly understood. Methods In this prospective cohort study of healthy infants, serial stools collected between 1–2 and 9–12 month olds were tested for glutamate dehydrogenase (detects nontoxigenic or toxigenic C. difficile [TCD]), tcdB PCR (detects TCD), and cultured for C. difficile. Isolates underwent whole genome sequencing and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Clonal strains were identified by single nucleotide variant (SNV) analysis. TCD was confirmed by BLAST identification of tcdA/tcdB. Serum collected at 9–12 month olds underwent ELISA for measurement of IgA, IgG, and IgM against TCD toxins A and B. For comparison, anti-toxin IgG was measured in cord blood of 50 consecutive full-term deliveries (unrelated to study infants). Arbitrary ELISA units were compared by Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Results Among 32 infants, 16 (50%) had at least one TCD+ stool, 12 of whom were colonized at least 1 m prior to serology measurements (Figures 1 and 2). A variety of STs were identified, and evidence of putative in-home (enrolled siblings) and outpatient clinic transmission was identified (Figure 3). Infants with TCD colonization had significantly greater levels of anti-toxin IgA and IgG compared with non-colonized infants and IgG compared with unrelated cord blood (Table 1). Conclusion Infant C. difficile colonization is a dynamic process with variable strain types and duration. Outpatient clinics may be a C. difficile reservoir for some patients. TCD colonization is associated with a humoral immune response against toxins A and B, but whether natural TCD immunization protects against CDI later in life requires further investigation. Disclosures L. Kociolek, Alere/Techlab: Investigator, Research support. C. P. Kelly, Actelion: Consultant, Consulting fee. Artugen: Consultant, Consulting fee. Facile: Consultant, Consulting fee. GSK: Consultant, Consulting fee. MSD: Consultant, Consulting fee. Seres: Consultant, Consulting fee. Summit: Consultant, Consulting fee. Vedanta: Consultant, Consulting fee. D. N. Gerding, Merck: Scientific Advisor, Consulting fee. Actelion: Scientific Advisor, Consulting fee. DaVolterra: Scientific Advisor, Consulting fee. Summit: Scientific Advisor, Consulting fee. Rebiotix: Medical Officer and Scientific Advisor, Consulting fee. Pfizer: Consultant, Consulting fee. MGB Pharma: Consultant, Consulting fee. sanofi pasteur: Consultant, Consulting fee. Seres: Investigator, Research grant. CDC: Investigator, Research grant. US Dept VA: Investigator, Research grant. Treatment/Prevention of C. difficile: Patent Holder, no license or royalties.

scholarly journals IS THERE A PLACE FOR HIGH-RESOLUTION ANOSCOPY IN THE DIAGNOSTICS OF INFLAMMATORY CHANGES IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEMORRHOIDS?

2018 ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
A. G. Khitaryan ◽  
A. Z. Alibekov ◽  
S. A. Kovalev ◽  
I. A. Shatov ◽  
O. A. Aluhanyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Diagnostic Specificity ◽  
Inflammatory Changes ◽  
Grade Iii

AIM: to evaluate the significance of high-resolution anoscopy (HRA) in diagnostics of inflammatory and thrombotic changes in hemorrhoid piles and to assess the efficacy of micronized purified favonoid fraction (MPFF) in patients with inflammatory thrombotic changes of hemorrhoids according to HRA results in the preoperative conservative treatment of hemorrhoids. PATIENTS AND METHODS: a prospective cohort study included 77 patients with grade III chronic hemorrhoids. Patients were divided into 3 groups depending on the degree of development of inflammatory and thrombotic changes according to the HRA. The 3 group included patients with preoperative conservative treatment by MPFF. All patients underwent Milligan-Morgan procedure with further histological study of removed piles. RESULTS: it was found that the diagnostic sensitivity of the HRA in detection of inflammatory thrombotic changes was 91.3 % (CI=83.6-96.2 %), and diagnostic specificity - 40 % (CI=19-64 %). HRA diagnostic accuracy was 82.1 % (p=0.001). A 30 % decrease in the number of removed piles with moderate inflammatory thrombotic changes after MOFF therapy has also been revealed. CONCLUSION: HRA permits to determine the severity of thrombotic inflammatory changes, which is extremely importantfor the management of patients with acute hemorrhoids.

Prevalence and Outcome of Allergic Colitis in Healthy Infants with Rectal Bleeding: A Prospective Cohort Study

2005 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stavra A Xanthakos ◽  
Jeffrey B Schwimmer ◽  
Hector Melin-Aldana ◽  
Marc E Rothenberg ◽  
David P Witte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Rectal Bleeding ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Healthy Infants ◽  
Allergic Colitis

scholarly journals Changes in Vitamin A Levels and the Effect of Early Vitamin A Supplementation on Vitamin A Levels in Infants Throughout the First 6 Months of Life: A Prospective Cohort Study in Chongqing, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Liu ◽  
Qixiong Chen ◽  
Linchao Yu ◽  
Ting Yang ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Multicenter Studies ◽  
Healthy Infants ◽  
Significant Difference

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the changes in infant vitamin A (VA) status and the effect of early VA supplementation on VA level throughout the first 6 months of life.Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in Chongqing, China. A total of 1,016 healthy infants were enrolled at birth. Then, 930, 882, 854 and 822 healthy infants were followed up at postnatal day 7 and postnatal months 1, 3, and 6, respectively. Blood samples and dietary survey and physical development data were collected. Serum VA was measured by chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry and was classified according to the VA deficiency (VAD) criteria for older children aged 6–70 months (<0.70, 0.70–1.05, ≥1.05 μmol/L). Normally distributed continuous variables are presented as the mean ± standard deviation. The categorical variables are described by the frequency and percentage (%). The reference interval for the VA level was the 2.5th−97.5th percentile. Changes in VA status with age and the relationship of VA supplementation with VA level were investigated by generalized estimating equations followed by Bonferroni post hoc test, controlling for the effects of feeding pattern and sex.Results: Infant VA levels increased significantly from 0.499 ± 0.146 to 1.061 ± 0.414 μmol/L with age at 6 months, even without VA supplementation (P < 0.05). From birth to 6 months, the percentage of infants with a VA level <0.70 μmol/L decreased from 88.6 to 19.5%. During follow-up, no infant demonstrated clinical VAD conditions, such as night blindness, conjunctival xerosis or Bitot's spots. Less than 7.0% of infants were underdeveloped in terms of weight, length and head circumference. The VA status of infants with VA≥0.588 μmol/L at birth gradually increased to adequate VA (VA ≥ 1.05 μmol/L) at 6 months. For these infants, there was no significant difference in VA level between the VA supplementation and non-supplementation groups (P > 0.05). Infants with VA <0.430 μmol/L at birth still had VA <0.70 μmol/L at 6 months; in this group, VA levels increased by 0.08 μmol/L more among supplemented infants than among non-supplemented infants (P < 0.05).Conclusions: A low VA level among neonates at birth may be a normal physiological state and may increase with age; thus, not all neonates may need early VA supplementation. More multicenter studies are needed to determine a new cutoff point for the diagnosis of neonatal VAD and the administration of nutritional intervention.

scholarly journals Respiratory viruses in healthy infants and infants with cystic fibrosis. A prospective cohort study

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Insa Korten ◽  
Elisabeth Kieninger ◽  
Njima Schläpfer ◽  
Shkipe Klenja ◽  
Maria Teresa Barbani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Healthy Infants
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