Drosophila Alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase AlkB is involved in repair from neuronal disorders induced by ultraviolet damage

AbstractGenes encoding synaptic proteins are highly associated with neuronal disorders many of which show clinical co-morbidity. We integrated 58 published synaptic proteomic datasets that describe over 8000 proteins and combined them with direct protein–protein interactions and functional metadata to build a network resource that reveals the shared and unique protein components that underpin multiple disorders. All the data are provided in a flexible and accessible format to encourage custom use.

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Beyond Antioxidant Effects: Nature-Based Templates Unveil New Strategies for Neurodegenerative Diseases

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10030367 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 367

Author(s):

Andrea Bacci ◽

Massimiliano Runfola ◽

Simona Sestito ◽

Simona Rapposelli

Keyword(s):

Drug Discovery ◽

Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽

Redox Reactions ◽

Identification Process ◽

Defense Systems ◽

Natural Defense ◽

Effective Drugs ◽

Antioxidant Effects ◽

Neuronal Disorders ◽

New Strategies

The complex network of malfunctioning pathways occurring in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) represents a huge hurdle in the development of new effective drugs to be used in therapy. In this context, redox reactions act as crucial regulators in the maintenance of neuronal microenvironment homeostasis. Particularly, their imbalance results in the severe compromising of organism’s natural defense systems and subsequently, in the instauration of deleterious OS, that plays a fundamental role in the insurgence and progress of NDDs. Despite the huge efforts in drug discovery programs, the identification process of new therapeutic agents able to counteract the relentless progress of neurodegenerative processes has produced low or no effective therapies. Consequently, a paradigm-shift in the drug discovery approach for these diseases is gradually occurring, paving the way for innovative therapeutical approaches, such as polypharmacology. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the main pharmacological features of most promising nature-based scaffolds for a possible application in drug discovery, especially for NDDs, highlighting their multifaceted effects against OS and neuronal disorders.

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The influence of acridine dyes and caffeine on recovery from ultraviolet damage in Eudorina elegans

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m75-268 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 21 (11) ◽

pp. 1849-1854 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

C. L. Kemp ◽

K. M. Malloy

Keyword(s):

Dna Synthesis ◽

Acridine Orange ◽

Ultraviolet Light ◽

Ultraviolet Irradiation ◽

Repair Process ◽

Repair System ◽

Acridine Dyes ◽

Dark Survival ◽

High Doses ◽

Ultraviolet Damage

Caffeine and the acridine dyes, acridine orange and acriflavine, were used to examine the repair potential in Eudorina elegans following ultraviolet irradiation. Acridines blocked photoreactivation primarily as a result of absorption of photoreactivating wavelengths, but acridines did not influence dark survival. Therefore, an acridine-sensitive excision–resynthesis–repair process is absent in Eudorina.Caffeine decreased both dark and light survival, the latter only after relatively high doses of ultraviolet light were used for inactivation. The caffeine-sensitive repair process appears to function most actively when the organisms are engaged in DNA synthesis, indicating that a postreplication–repair system exists in Eudorina. However, the data suggest that a repair system not associated with the DNA synthetic phases may also exist.

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Recovery of Phage λ from Ultraviolet Damage

Molecular Mechanisms for Repair of DNA ◽

10.1007/978-1-4684-2895-7_20 ◽

1975 ◽

pp. 155-171 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Raymond Devoret ◽

Manuel Blanco ◽

Jacqueline George ◽

Miroslav Radman

Keyword(s):

Ultraviolet Damage

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Novel roles of Drosophila FUS and Aub responsible for piRNA biogenesis in neuronal disorders

Brain Research ◽

10.1016/j.brainres.2018.12.028 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1708 ◽

pp. 207-219 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Keiko Tsuji Wakisaka ◽

Ryo Tanaka ◽

Tomoki Hirashima ◽

Yuuka Muraoka ◽

Yumiko Azuma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neuronal Disorders

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Astrocytes in Neuroinflammation and Neuronal Disorders: Shifting the Focus from Neurons

Inflammation: the Common Link in Brain Pathologies ◽

10.1007/978-981-10-1711-7_3 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 43-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Manju Tewari ◽

Pankaj Seth

Keyword(s):

Neuronal Disorders

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PHOTOREACTIVATION OF ULTRAVIOLET DAMAGE

Photophysiology ◽

10.1016/b978-1-4832-2739-9.50014-4 ◽

1964 ◽

pp. 283-327 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

Claud S. Rupert

Keyword(s):

Ultraviolet Damage

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Flavonoids Regulate Lipid Droplets Biogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x19852430 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (5) ◽

pp. 1934578X1985243 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marianna Fantin ◽

Francesca Garelli ◽

Barbara Napoli ◽

Alessia Forgiarini ◽

Sentiljana Gumeni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drosophila Melanogaster ◽

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Lipid Droplets ◽

Metabolic Diseases ◽

Protective Role ◽

Fat Storage ◽

Fat Bodies ◽

Obesity And Cancer ◽

Neuronal Disorders

Lipid droplets (LDs), cytosolic fat storage organelles, are emerging as major regulators of lipid metabolism, trafficking, and signaling in various cells and tissues. LDs are altered in cardiovascular and neuronal disorders, inflammation, obesity, and cancer. Flavonoids comprise different classes of molecules, characterized by a well-known antioxidant activity and a beneficial effect in several diseases. However, the cellular mechanism by which different classes of flavonoids improve health is poorly understood, in particular as far as LDs biogenesis is concerned. Here we used Drosophila melanogaster as a model system to investigate the effects of a selected group of flavonoids on larval tissues by examining LDs biogenesis. In our study, fruit flies were grown in xanthohumol-, isoquercetin-, and genistein-enriched food and larval tissues were analyzed using a LD marker. Total mRNA expression of two main enzymes (minotaur and midway) responsible for triacylglycerides synthesis was evaluated after treatments. Among the flavonoids analyzed, xanthohumol and isoquercetin resulted to be potent regulators of LDs biogenesis in a tissue-specific manner, inducing fat storage decrease in fat bodies and accumulation of LDs in nerves. Since LDs have been suggested to play a protective role against intracellular stress in nonadipocyte cells, our data support the hypothesis that some phytochemicals could act as strong modulators of LDs biogenesis in vivo. The knowledge of how different flavonoids act on lipid metabolism in different tissues can help to manage the use of phytochemicals with the aim of selectively ameliorating specific neuronal and metabolic diseases’ manifestations.

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Imaging the Human Brain with Magnetoencephalography

Medical Informatics ◽

10.4018/978-1-60566-050-9.ch067 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 881-889

Author(s):

Dimitrios Pantazis

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Modeling ◽

Medical Imaging ◽

Magnetic Fields ◽

Human Brain ◽

Electrical Activity ◽

Liquid Helium ◽

Communication Networks ◽

Brain Function ◽

Imaging Modality ◽

Neuronal Disorders

Magnetoencephalography is a relatively new medical imaging modality for the monitoring and imaging of human brain function. Extracranial magnetic fields produced by the working human brain are measured by extremely sensitive superconducting sensors, called SQUIDs, enclosed in a liquid helium-filled dewar. Mathematical modeling allows the formation of images or maps of cortical neuronal currents that reveal neural electrical activity, identify cortical communication networks, and facilitate the treatment of neuronal disorders, such as epilepsy.

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