scholarly journals Ectopic positioning of the cell division plane is associated with single amino acid substitutions in the FtsZ-recruiting SsgB in Streptomyces

Open Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 200409
Author(s):  
Xiansha Xiao ◽  
Joost Willemse ◽  
Patrick Voskamp ◽  
Xinmeng Li ◽  
Andrea E. Prota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Streptomyces Coelicolor ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Division Plane ◽  
Loop Region ◽  
Z Ring ◽  
Key Residues ◽  
Cell Division Plane

In most bacteria, cell division begins with the polymerization of the GTPase FtsZ at mid-cell, which recruits the division machinery to initiate cell constriction. In the filamentous bacterium Streptomyces , cell division is positively controlled by SsgB, which recruits FtsZ to the future septum sites and promotes Z-ring formation. Here, we show that various amino acid (aa) substitutions in the highly conserved SsgB protein result in ectopically placed septa that sever spores diagonally or along the long axis, perpendicular to the division plane. Fluorescence microscopy revealed that between 3.3% and 9.8% of the spores of strains expressing SsgB E120 variants were severed ectopically. Biochemical analysis of SsgB variant E120G revealed that its interaction with FtsZ had been maintained. The crystal structure of Streptomyces coelicolor SsgB was resolved and the key residues were mapped on the structure. Notably, residue substitutions (V115G, G118V, E120G) that are associated with septum misplacement localize in the α 2– α 3 loop region that links the final helix and the rest of the protein. Structural analyses and molecular simulation revealed that these residues are essential for maintaining the proper angle of helix α 3. Our data suggest that besides altering FtsZ, aa substitutions in the FtsZ-recruiting protein SsgB also lead to diagonally or longitudinally divided cells in Streptomyces .

scholarly journals Longitudinal cell division is associated with single mutations in the FtsZ-recruiting SsgB in Streptomyces

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiansha Xiao ◽  
Joost Willemse ◽  
Patrick Voskamp ◽  
Xinmeng Li ◽  
Meindert Lamers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Amino Acid Substitutions ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Division Plane ◽  
Z Ring ◽  
Living Bacterium ◽  
Longitudinal Division ◽  
Longitudinal Cell ◽  
Free Living Bacterium

ABSTRACTIn most bacteria, cell division begins with the polymerization of the GTPase FtsZ at the mid-cell, which recruits the division machinery to initiate cell constriction. In the filamentous bacterium Streptomyces, cell division is positively controlled by SsgB, which recruits FtsZ to the future septum sites and promotes Z-ring formation. Here we show via site-saturated mutagenesis that various amino acid substitutions in the highly conserved SsgB protein result in the production of ectopically placed septa, that sever spores diagonally or along the long axis, perpendicular to the division plane. Ectopic septa were especially prominent when cells expressed SsgB variants with substitutions in residue E120. Biochemical analysis of SsgB variant E120G revealed that its interaction with - and polymerization of - FtsZ had been maintained. The crystal structure of S. coelicolor SsgB was resolved and the position of residue E120 suggests its requirement for maintaining the proper angle of helix α3, thus providing a likely explanation for the aberrant septa formed in SsgB E120 substitution mutants. Taken together, our work presents the first example of longitudinal division in a free living bacterium, which is explained entirely by changes in the FtsZ-recruiting protein SsgB.

scholarly journals Asymmetric cell division: Plane but not simple

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. R233-R236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul N. Adler ◽  
Job Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Asymmetric Cell Division ◽  
Division Plane ◽  
Cell Division Plane

The role of the cytoskeleton and associated proteins in determination of the plant cell division plane

2013 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn G. Rasmussen ◽  
Amanda J. Wright ◽  
Sabine Müller
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Division Plane ◽  
Plant Cell Division ◽  
Associated Proteins ◽  
Cell Division Plane

scholarly journals RanGAP1 is a continuous marker of the Arabidopsis cell division plane

2008 ◽  
Vol 105 (47) ◽  
pp. 18637-18642 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. M. Xu ◽  
Q. Zhao ◽  
T. Rodrigo-Peiris ◽  
J. Brkljacic ◽  
C. S. He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Division Plane ◽  
Cell Division Plane

scholarly journals ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MUTATIONS IN THE β-TUBULIN GENE OF SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE

Genetics ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 715-734
Author(s):  
James H Thomas ◽  
Norma F Neff ◽  
David Botstein
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Cell Division Cycle ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Cold Sensitivity ◽  
Restrictive Temperature ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Single Amino Acid Change ◽  
Β Tubulin

ABSTRACT Of 173 mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae resistant to the antimitotic drug benomyl (BenR), six also conferred cold-sensitivity for growth and three others conferred temperature-sensitivity for growth in the absence of benomyl. All of the benR mutations tested, including the nine conditional-lethal mutations, were shown to be in the same gene. This gene, TUB2, has previously been molecularly cloned and identified as the yeast structural gene encoding β-tubulin. Four of the conditional-lethal alleles of TUB2 were mapped to particular restriction fragments within the gene. One of these mutations was cloned and sequenced, revealing a single amino acid change, from arginine to histidine at amino acid position 241, which is responsible for both the BenR and the cold-sensitive lethal phenotypes. The terminal arrest morphology of conditional-lethal alleles of TUB2 at their restrictive temperature showed a characteristic cell-division-cycle defect, suggesting a requirement for tubulin function primarily in mitosis during the vegetative growth cycle. The TUB2 gene was genetically mapped to the distal left arm of chromosome VI, very near the actin gene, ACT1; no CDC (cell-division-cycle) loci have been mapped previously to this location. TUB2 is thus the first cell-division-cycle gene known to encode a cytoskeletal protein that has been identified in S. cerevisiae.

scholarly journals Branching of sporogenic aerial hyphae in sflA and sflB mutants of Streptomyces coelicolor correlates to ectopic localization of DivIVA and FtsZ in time and space

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Zhang ◽  
Joost Willemse ◽  
Paula Yagüe ◽  
Ellen de Waal ◽  
Dennis Claessen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Streptomyces Coelicolor ◽  
Constitutive Expression ◽  
Hyphal Growth ◽  
Lateral Wall ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Aerial Hyphae ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Z Ring

ABSTRACTBacterial cytokinesis starts with the polymerization of the tubulin-like FtsZ, which forms the cell division scaffold. SepF aligns FtsZ polymers and also acts as a membrane anchor for the Z-ring. While in most bacteria cell division takes place at midcell, during sporulation of Streptomyces many septa are laid down almost simultaneously in multinucleoid aerial hyphae. The genomes of streptomycetes encode two additional SepF paralogs, SflA and SflB, which can interact with SepF. Here we show that the sporogenic aerial hyphae of sflA and sflB mutants of Streptomyces coelicolor frequently branch, a phenomenon never seen in the wild-type strain. The branching coincided with ectopic localization of DivIVA along the lateral wall of sporulating aerial hyphae. Constitutive expression of SflA and SflB largely inhibited hyphal growth, further correlating SflAB activity to that of DivIVA. SflAB localized in foci prior to and after the time of sporulation-specific cell division, while SepF co-localized with active septum synthesis. Foci of FtsZ and DivIVA frequently persisted between adjacent spores in spore chains of sflA and sflB mutants, at sites occupied by SflAB in wild-type cells. This may be caused by the persistance of SepF multimers in the absence of SflAB. Taken together, our data show that SflA and SflB play an important role in the control of growth and cell division during Streptomyces development.

scholarly journals Author response: Delivery of endocytosed proteins to the cell–division plane requires change of pathway from recycling to secretion

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Richter ◽  
Marika Kientz ◽  
Sabine Brumm ◽  
Mads Eggert Nielsen ◽  
Misoon Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Author Response ◽  
Division Plane ◽  
Cell Division Plane
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