The effect of sources on horizons that may develop when plane gravitational waves collide

Colliding plane gravitational waves that lead to the development of a horizon and a subsequent time-like singularity are coupled with an electromagnetic field, a perfect fluid (whose energy density, ∊ , equals the pressure, p ), and null dust (consisting of massless particles). The coupling of the gravitational waves with an electromagnetic field does not affect, in any essential way, the development of the horizon or the time-like singularity if the polarizations of the colliding gravitational waves are not parallel. If the polarizations are parallel, the space-like singularity which occurs in the vacuum is transformed into a horizon followed by a three-dimensional time-like singularity by the merest presence of the electromagnetic field. The coupling of the gravitational waves with an ( ∊ = p )-fluid and null dust affect the development of horizons and singularities in radically different ways: the ( ∊ = p )-fluid affects the development decisively in all cases but qualitatively in the same way, while null dust prevents the development of horizons and allows only the development of space-like singularities. The contrasting behaviours of an ( ∊ = p )-fluid and of null dust in the framework of general relativity is compared with the behaviours one may expect, under similar circumstances, in the framework of special relativity.

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Modifications to Plane Gravitational Waves from Minimal Lorentz Violation

Symmetry ◽

10.3390/sym11101318 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 1318 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rui Xu

Keyword(s):

General Relativity ◽

Gravitational Wave ◽

Gravitational Waves ◽

Lorentz Invariance ◽

Lorentz Violation ◽

First Order ◽

Test Particles ◽

Violation Of Lorentz Invariance ◽

Plane Gravitational Waves ◽

Wave Modes

General Relativity predicts two modes for plane gravitational waves. When a tiny violation of Lorentz invariance occurs, the two gravitational wave modes are modified. We use perturbation theory to study the detailed form of the modifications to the two gravitational wave modes from the minimal Lorentz-violation coupling. The perturbation solution for the metric fluctuation up to the first order in Lorentz violation is discussed. Then, we investigate the motions of test particles under the influence of the plane gravitational waves with Lorentz violation. First-order deviations from the usual motions are found.

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Plane Gravitational Waves in General Relativity

Nature ◽

10.1038/1791072a0 ◽

1957 ◽

Vol 179 (4569) ◽

pp. 1072-1073 ◽

Cited By ~ 101

Author(s):

H. BONDI

Keyword(s):

General Relativity ◽

Gravitational Waves ◽

Plane Gravitational Waves

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Space-Time Curvature Of General Relativity And Energy Density Of A Three-Dimensional Quantum Vacuu

Annales UMCS Physica ◽

10.1515/physica-2015-0004 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 69 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Davide Fiscaletti ◽

Amrit Sorli

Keyword(s):

General Relativity ◽

Energy Density ◽

Vacuum Energy ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Space Time ◽

Vacuum Energy Density ◽

Quantum Vacuum ◽

Vacuum Condensate ◽

Interesting Solution ◽

Variable Energy

AbstractA three-dimensional quantum vacuum condensate is introduced as a fundamental medium from which gravity emerges in a geometro-hydrodynamic limit. In this approach, the curvature of space-time characteristic of general relativity is obtained as a mathematical value of a more fundamental actual variable energy density of quantum vacuum which has a concrete physical meaning. The fluctuations of the quantum vacuum energy density suggest an interesting solution for the dark energy problem.

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Electrodynamics effects on colliding gravitational waves background

Modern Physics Letters A ◽

10.1142/s0217732320501503 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (18) ◽

pp. 2050150

Author(s):

Dong-Dong Wei ◽

Xin-He Meng ◽

Bin Wang

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Field ◽

Gravitational Wave ◽

Gravitational Waves ◽

Linear Polarization ◽

Electromagnetic Waves ◽

Weak Magnetic Field ◽

Collision Process ◽

Plane Gravitational Wave ◽

Colliding Gravitational Waves ◽

Plane Gravitational Waves

The degenerate Ferrari-Ibanez solution describes the collision of plane gravitational waves with aligned linear polarization, within the interaction region, the solution is Schwarzschild-like metric, which impels us to be more interesting to analyze the collision process. In this paper, we have considered the electrodynamics effects on the colliding gravitational waves background. Moreover, we have calculated explicitly out the solutions of the electromagnetic waves produced by the plane gravitational wave and the colliding region of plane gravitational waves perturbing a weak magnetic field background. We also work out the solutions of these electromagnetic waves after crossing out a weak magnetic field background.

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Bremsstrahlung of Light through Spontaneous Emission of Gravitational Waves

Symmetry ◽

10.3390/sym13050852 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 852

Author(s):

Charles Wang ◽

Melania Mieczkowska

Keyword(s):

General Relativity ◽

Electromagnetic Field ◽

Gravitational Waves ◽

Spontaneous Emission ◽

Zero Point ◽

Quantum Decoherence ◽

General Covariance ◽

Unruh Effect ◽

Vacuum Fluctuations ◽

Hawking Effect

Zero-point fluctuations are a universal consequence of quantum theory. Vacuum fluctuations of electromagnetic field have provided crucial evidence and guidance for QED as a successful quantum field theory with a defining gauge symmetry through the Lamb shift, Casimir effect, and spontaneous emission. In an accelerated frame, the thermalisation of the zero-point electromagnetic field gives rise to the Unruh effect linked to the Hawking effect of a black hole via the equivalence principle. This principle is the basis of general covariance, the symmetry of general relativity as the classical theory of gravity. If quantum gravity exists, the quantum vacuum fluctuations of the gravitational field should also lead to the quantum decoherence and dissertation of general forms of energy and matter. Here we present a novel theoretical effect involving the spontaneous emission of soft gravitons by photons as they bend around a heavy mass and discuss its observational prospects. Our analytic and numerical investigations suggest that the gravitational bending of starlight predicted by classical general relativity should also be accompanied by the emission of gravitational waves. This in turn redshifts the light causing a loss of its energy somewhat analogous to the bremsstrahlung of electrons by a heavier charged particle. It is suggested that this new effect may be important for a combined astronomical source of intense gravity and high-frequency radiation such as X-ray binaries and that the proposed LISA mission may be potentially sensitive to the resulting sub-Hz stochastic gravitational waves.

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The Ether Theory Unifying the Relativistic Gravito-Electromagnetism Including also the Gravitons and the Gravitational Waves

Applied Physics Research ◽

10.5539/apr.v9n3p21 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 21

Author(s):

David Zareski

Keyword(s):

General Relativity ◽

Electromagnetic Field ◽

Gravitational Waves ◽

Electric Charge ◽

Electromagnetic Waves ◽

Neutral Point ◽

Fundamental Tensor ◽

Ether Theory ◽

Schwarzschild Horizon ◽

Einstein’S General Relativity

In previous publications, we showed that Maxwell’s equations are an approximation to those of General Relativity when V<<c, where V is the velocity of the particle submitted to the electromagnetic field. This was demonstrated by showing that the Lienard-Wiechert potential four-vector A_u created by an electric charge is the equivalent of the gravitational four-vector G_u created by a massive neutral point when V<<c. In the present paper, we generalize these results for V non-restricted to be small. To this purpose, we show first that the exact Lagrange-Einstein function of an electric charge q submitted to the field due an immobile charge q_0 is of the same form as that of a particle of mass m submitted to the field created by an immobile particle of mass m_0. Maxwell’s electrostatics is then generalized as a case of the Einstein’s general relativity. In particular, it appears that an immobile q_0 creates also an electromagnetic horizon that behaves like a Schwarzschild horizon. Then, there exist ether gravitational waves constituted by gravitons in the same way as the electromagnetic waves are constituted by photons. Now, since A_u and G_u, are equivalent, and as we show, G_u produces the approximation, for V<<c, of g_u4 created by m_0 mobile, where the g_uv are the components of Einstein’s fundamental tensor, it follows that A_u+u_u produces the approximation, for V<<c, of Bet_u4 , where the Bet_uv created by m_0 and by q_0, generalize the g_uv.

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Dynamical Analysis of Charged Dissipative Cylindrical Collapse in Energy-Momentum Squared Gravity

Universe ◽

10.3390/universe7050154 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 154

Author(s):

Muhammad Zeeshan Gul ◽

Muhammad Sharif

Keyword(s):

General Relativity ◽

Electromagnetic Field ◽

Energy Density ◽

Weyl Tensor ◽

Dynamical Analysis ◽

Conformal Flatness ◽

The Impact ◽

Correction Terms ◽

Cylindrical Collapse ◽

Fluid Parameters

This paper investigates the dynamics of charged cylindrical collapse with the dissipative matter configuration in f(R,TαβTαβ) theory. This newly formulated theory resolves the primordial singularity and provides feasible cosmological results in the early universe.Moreover, its implications occur in high curvature regime where the deviations of energy-momentum squared gravity from general relativity is confirmed. We establish dynamical and transport equations through the Misner–Sharp and Mu¨ler–Israel Stewart techniques, respectively. We then couple these equations to examine the impact of effective fluid parameters and correction terms on the collapsing phenomenon. A connection between the modified terms, matter parameters, and Weyl tensor is also developed. To obtain conformal flatness, we choose a particular model of this theory and assume that dust matter with zero charge leads to conformal flatness and homogenous energy density. We found that the modified terms, dissipative matter, and electromagnetic field reduce the collapsing phenomenon.

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The structure of the curvature tensor of plane gravitational waves

Journal of Physics Conference Series ◽

10.1088/1742-6596/2081/1/012014 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2081 (1) ◽

pp. 012014

Author(s):

O V Babourova ◽

B N Frolov ◽

M S Khetzeva ◽

D V Kushnir

Keyword(s):

General Relativity ◽

Plane Wave ◽

Gravitational Waves ◽

Curvature Tensor ◽

Electromagnetic Waves ◽

Riemann Space ◽

Lie Derivative ◽

Invariance Group ◽

Wave Curvature ◽

Plane Gravitational Waves

Abstract Plane gravitational waves in the Riemann space of General Relativity is considered. The criterion of plane gravitational waves is used based on the analogy between plane gravitational and electromagnetic waves. The Theorem is proved that the action of the Lie derivative on the plane wave curvature 2-form in the direction of the vector generating the invariance group of this wave in the Riemann space is equal to zero. It is justified that the gravitational waves can be used to transmit information in the Riemann space.

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Quantum Relativity: Variable Energy Density of Quantum Vacuum as the Origin of Mass, Gravity and the Quantum Behaviour

Ukrainian Journal of Physics ◽

10.15407/ujpe63.7.623 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 63 (7) ◽

pp. 623 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

D. Fiscaletti ◽

A. Sorli

Keyword(s):

General Relativity ◽

Energy Density ◽

Vacuum Energy ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Physical Object ◽

Vacuum Energy Density ◽

Quantum Vacuum ◽

Numerical Order ◽

Quantum Relativity ◽

Variable Energy

In Quantum Relativity, time and space are separated. Time is the numerical order of material changes, and space is the medium, in which these changes take place. Space has the origin in a three-dimensional quantum vacuum defined by fluctuations of the energy density corresponding to elementary RS (reduction state) processes of creation/annihilation of elementary quanta. Quantum Relativity provides a unifying approach to special relativity, general relativity, and quantum mechanics. Each physical object from the micro- to the macroscale can be derived from an opportune diminishing of the quantum vacuum energy density. In particular, the variable energy density of space in Quantum Relativity corresponds to the curvature of space in general relativity. In quantum theory, the behavior of each subatomic particle follows from opportune elementary RS processes of creation/annihilation of quanta guided by a quantum potential of the vacuum. Finally, the perspectives of this model regarding the view of gravity and quantum as two aspects of the same coin and the electroweak scale are analyzed.

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