scholarly journals A study on the histological changes resulting from certain virus infections of the potato

1932 ◽  
Vol 111 (769) ◽  
pp. 74-85 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Leaf Roll ◽  
The Other ◽  
Detailed Account ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Phloem Necrosis ◽  
Morbid Anatomy

A degeneration of the phloem elements of the potato, which occurs in plants suffering from Leaf-roll, was first described by Quanjer (1913). Since them phloem necrosis has been recorded by many workers, some ascribing it to specific pathogenic causes while others state that it occurs in both healthy and diseased plants. Esmarch (1921) states that it is always present in the ripening plant, and v. Brehmer (1923) shows three types of necrosis, viz., Nekrobiose , Obliteration and Necrosis , of which only the last is necessarily due to virus infection. On the other hand, Artschwager (1923) found necrotic changes only in virus infected and injured plants. In this paper an attempt is made to correlate the histopathological changes occuring in virus diseased plants with the external symptoms which they exhibit. A large part of the work is devoted to the morbid anatomy of certain “Streak” diseases, for a detailed account of the external symptons of which see Salaman and Bawden (1932).

Did Ground Cover Change Over Geologic Time?

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 171-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben A. LePage ◽  
Hermann W. Pfefferkorn
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Record ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
The Other ◽  
Detailed Account ◽  
Geologic Time ◽  
The Past ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Plant Fossil

When one hears the term “ground cover,” one immediately thinks of “grasses.” This perception is so deep-seated that paleobotanists even have been overheard to proclaim that “there was no ground cover before grasses.” Today grasses are so predominant in many environments that this perception is perpetuated easily. On the other hand, it is difficult to imagine the absence or lack of ground cover prior to the mid-Tertiary. We tested the hypothesis that different forms of ground cover existed in the past against examples from the Recent and the fossil record (Table 1). The Recent data were obtained from a large number of sources including those in the ecological, horticultural, and microbiological literature. Other data were derived from our knowledge of Precambrian life, sedimentology and paleosols, and the plant fossil record, especially in situ floras and fossil “monocultures.” Some of the data are original observations, but many others are from the literature. A detailed account of these results will be presented elsewhere (Pfefferkorn and LePage, in preparation).

scholarly journals THE PATHOLOGIC EFFECTS OF STREPTOCOCCI FROM CASES OF POLIOMYELITIS AND OTHER SOURCES

1917 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 557-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carroll G. Bull
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
The Other ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
The Brain

Streptococci cultivated from the tonsils of thirty-two cases of poliomyelitis were used to inoculate various laboratory animals. In no case was a condition induced resembling poliomyelitis clinically or pathologically in guinea pigs, dogs, cats, rabbits, or monkeys. On the other hand, a considerable percentage of the rabbits and a smaller percentage of some of the other animals developed lesions due to streptococci. These lesions consisted of meningitis, meningo-encephalitis, abscess of the brain, arthritis, tenosynovitis, myositis, abscess of the kidney, endocarditis, pericarditis, and neuritis. No distinction in the character or frequency of the lesions could be determined between the streptococci derived from poliomyelitic patients and from other sources. Streptococci isolated from the poliomyelitic brain and spinal cord of monkeys which succumbed to inoculation with the filtered virus failed to induce in monkeys any paralysis or the characteristic histological changes of poliomyelitis. These streptococci are regarded as secondary bacterial invaders of the nervous organs. Monkeys which have recovered from infection with streptococci derived from cases of poliomyelitis are not protected from infection with the filtered virus, and their blood does not neutralize the filtered virus in vitro. We have failed to detect any etiologic or pathologic relationship between streptococci and epidemic poliomyelitis in man or true experimental poliomyelitis in the monkey.

About morphological changes in the kidney in children with infections and some other diseases

1930 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-132
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Makarov
Keyword(s):  
Scarlet Fever ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Renal Changes ◽  
The One

The issue of pathological and histological changes in the kidneys in children with various infections and other diseases cannot be considered sufficiently researched and worked out. Only in certain infections (scarlet fever) has much attention been paid to the study of the kidneys. Most of the works on the issue of interest to us date back to the time when, on the one hand, insufficient importance was attached to the early dissection of corpses and the freshness of the material, which, as is now known, is of particular importance for the histology of the kidney, on the other hand, such interpretation of the detected changes, which do not correspond to the views and concepts of modern nephropathology; Finally, those changes in views on some diseases that have occurred to date, for example, in the issue of disorders of digestion and nutrition in infants, dictate the need for a different approach to the study of renal changes in these diseases.

The Politics of Anti-Bolshevism: the French Government and the Russo-Polish War, December 1919 to May 1920

1976 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Jabara Carley
Keyword(s):  
Full Scale ◽  
The Other ◽  
Detailed Account ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
French Government ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Soviet Russia

On 26 April 1920 the Polish army launched a major offensive against Soviet Russia. The question of the French government's role in the unleashing of this attack has long been a matter of historical debate. P. S. Wandycz, whose work is the most recent detailed account of French eastern policy during the early twenties, attributes no major responsibility to the French for the outbreak of all-out war on Poland's eastern frontier. He states that the Quai d'Orsay was unenthusiastic about a Polish campaign and that the Poles had acted on their own initiative. N. Davies asserts that ‘Allied policy sought to discourage Poland from attacking Russia.’ ‘Without formally forbidding a Polish offensive,’ he writes, the Allies ‘emphasized that it “the offensive’ could not enjoy their support. On the other hand, Soviet and European Left-wing opinion has long condemned the Polish attack as a direct result of French influence. Vladimir Potemkin noted that Poland was incapable of waging a full-scale war with its own resources and that consequently Allied influence had to be decisive in determining Warsaw's attitude toward a continuation of the war.

Radiological and endoscopic study of the maxillary sinus in primary atrophic rhinitis

1992 ◽  
Vol 106 (8) ◽  
pp. 702-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. E. Hagrass ◽  
A. M. Gamea ◽  
S. G. El-Sherief ◽  
A. S. El-Guindy ◽  
Faika A. Y. El-Tatawi
Keyword(s):  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
The Other ◽  
Atrophic Rhinitis ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Small Cavity ◽  
Endoscopic Study ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Maxillary Sinuses

AbstractThe maxillary sinuses of 40 patients suffering from primary atrophic rhinitis (ozaena) were studied radiologically, antroscopically and histopathologically. Sixty percent of the patients showed thick bony walls and a small cavity of the maxillary sinus on X-ray and on antroscopy. On the other hand, 25 percent of the cases revealed signs of infection including mucopurulent secretion on antroscopy associated with corresponding histopathological changes. It is concluded that poor pneumatization of the antrum plays a more important role in the pathogenesis of ozaena than infection.

scholarly journals Histopathological study for the effect of vitamin C on the some mice tissues treated with nitrate

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-158
Author(s):  
R. N. Al-saadi
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Vit C

Thirty two mice were used to study the histopathological changes resultedfrom the effect of vitamin C on the some mice tissues treated with nitrate.Mice were divided randomly in to four equal groups. The 1st group was givenVit C and potassium nitrate via water. The 2nd group was given potassium nitrateand the 3rd group received Vit C only, while the 4th group represented thecontrol.Two animals from each group were scarified weekly. The results showedsimilar pathological changes in the 1st and 2nd group especially in the stomachand intestine which gave severe changes that characterized by hyperplasticchanges in addition for the hemorrhages and the infiltrations of inflammatorycells in all layers of both organs. Less alteration was seen in the liver andkidney. On the other hand, no pathological changes in the 3rd and 4th groupwere recorded

Influence of sensitization with bacterial antigens on the replication of Friend spleen focus-forming virus

1971 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Flickinger ◽  
John M. Gentile
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
The Other ◽  
Marked Inhibition ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Friend Leukemia ◽  
Bacterial Antigens ◽  
Flagellar Antigen ◽  
Friend Leukemia Virus

The replication of the SFFV component of a polycythemia-inducing strain of Friend leukemia virus was shown to be enhanced by endotoxin either as purified fraction W of S. typhosa or present on heat-killed S. typhosa or P. mirabilis. Enhancement occurred to a significant level when the mice were sensitized with either form of endotoxin 5 or 3 days before virus administration. Administration of endotoxin simultaneously with virus resulted in a marked inhibition of SFFV replication. Endotoxin given at times subsequent to viral infection had no effect on SFFV replication. On the other hand the H or flagellar antigen from P. mirabilis given either before, simultaneously with, or after virus infection did not influence the replication of SFFV.

scholarly journals AN EXPERIMENTAL GLOMERULAR LESION CAUSED BY VENOM (CROTALUS ADAMANTEUS)

1909 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 532-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M. Pearce
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Tubular Injury ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Glomerular Lesion ◽  
Selective Action ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Hemorrhagic Lesion ◽  
Glomerular Tuft

The venom of Crotalus adamanteus when administered intravenously to rabbits in properly graded doses causes lesions of the glomerulus of tile kidney which may be either hemorrhagic or exudative in character. Both types of lesion are usually associated but either one or the other may predominate. The hemorrhagic lesion, which may be confined to the glomerular tuft, or, by rupture of the latter, may involve the capsular space, is a peculiar localization of the hemorrhage so common in other parts of the body in venom intoxication. On the other hand, the exquisite exudative lesion involving usually the capsular space but sometimes limited, as in the hemorrhagic type, to the tuft itself and with little or no tubular injury, constitutes a type of experimental vascular nephritis, hitherto undescribed, which differs widely in its anatomical appearance from that due to arsenic, cantharidin and other vascular poisons. As the limitation of the lesion to the glomerulus indicates a selective action of the venom, and as the histological changes in the tuft are suggestive of gradual endothelial destruction and solution, the lesion can be explained by the action of the endotheliolytic body of crotalus venom described by Flexner and Noguchi.

scholarly journals VI.—The development of the hepatic venous system and the postcaval vein in the marsupialia

1924 ◽  
Vol 212 (391-401) ◽  
pp. 147-207 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Venous System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Detailed Account ◽  
Hepatic Veins ◽  
Other Hand

The present paper contains a detailed account of the development of the hepatic venous system and the postcaval vein in a number of genera of Marsupials, including representatives of both the Polyprotodontia and the Diprotodontia. It is supplementary to the account of the development of the pancreas, the pancreatic and hepatic ducts in Trichosurus, published in 1918. The development of the hepatic veins is shown to be subject to considerable variation in the different genera studied. On the other hand, the origin of the postcaval appears to be essentially uniform throughout the group, and consequently I have been able to restrict my observations on its development mainly to one genus, viz., Dasyurus. I take this opportunity of stating that I have confirmed in all respects Prof. J. P. Hill’s unpublished observations on the development of the postcaval and associated veins in Perameles. The material examined belongs to Prof. Hill’s collection of Marsupials and the descriptive details of embryos and pouch-young are taken from his note-books.

A study of cometary eruptions through OH radio-lines

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 249-254
Author(s):  
A.M. Silva ◽  
R.D. Miró
Keyword(s):  
Short Duration ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
The Other ◽  
Initial Mass ◽  
Radio Lines ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Sudden Rise

AbstractWe have developed a model for theH2OandOHevolution in a comet outburst, assuming that together with the gas, a distribution of icy grains is ejected. With an initial mass of icy grains of 108kg released, theH2OandOHproductions are increased up to a factor two, and the growth curves change drastically in the first two days. The model is applied to eruptions detected in theOHradio monitorings and fits well with the slow variations in the flux. On the other hand, several events of short duration appear, consisting of a sudden rise ofOHflux, followed by a sudden decay on the second day. These apparent short bursts are frequently found as precursors of a more durable eruption. We suggest that both of them are part of a unique eruption, and that the sudden decay is due to collisions that de-excite theOHmaser, when it reaches the Cometopause region located at 1.35 × 105kmfrom the nucleus.

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