On the functions of the membrana tympani, the ossicles and muscles of the tympanum, and of the eustachian tube in the human ear, with an account of the muscles of the eustachian tube and their action in different classes of animals

1854 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 217-221 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Anterior Extremity ◽  
Anterior Part ◽  
Tensor Tympani Muscle ◽  
Human Ear ◽  
Single Bone

The author commences his paper by making some observations on the general arrangements of the ossicula auditûs . The malleus and incus being firmly connected together by ligaments, are considered as a single bone, forming an elastic arch, the anterior extremity of which is firmly attached to the Glasserian fissure, the posterior to the anterior part of the mastoid cells. This arch is kept steady by the actions of the tensor tympani. The movement of this arch is that of rotation; and it is effected by the tensor tympani muscle. When this muscle contracts, the lower part of the arch, consisting of the handle of the malleus and the long process of the incus, is drawn inwards; by this action the membrana tympani is rendered tense, and the stapes being pressed towards the cavity of the labyrinth, the fluid in the latter is compressed.

scholarly journals Multiple Osteomas in Middle Ear

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongxin Li ◽  
Qiuhuan Li ◽  
Shusheng Gong ◽  
Honggang Liu ◽  
Zilong Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Semicircular Canal ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Lateral Semicircular Canal ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Tensor Tympani Muscle

Since the first description of middle ear osteomas by Thomas in 1964, only few reports were published within the English literatures (Greinwalid et al., 1998; Shimizu et al., 2003; Cho et al., 2005; and Jang et al., 2009), and only one case of the multiple osteomas in middle ear was described by Kim et al., 2006, which arose from the promontory, lateral semicircular canal, and epitympanum. Here we describe a patient with multiple middle ear osteomas arising from the promontory, incus, Eustachian tube, and bony semicanal of tensor tympani muscle. This patient also contracted the chronic otitis media in the ipsilateral ear. The osteomas were successfully removed by performing type III tympanoplasty in one stage.

scholarly journals Ultrastructure of mature spermatozoa of three Bucephalidae (Prosorhynchus longisaccatus, Rhipidocotyle khalili and Bucephalus margaritae) and phylogenetic implications

Parasite ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Papa Ibnou Ndiaye ◽  
Bernard Marchand ◽  
Cheikh Tidiane Bâ ◽  
Jean-Lou Justine ◽  
Rodney A. Bray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Anterior Extremity ◽  
Posterior Extremity ◽  
Anterior Part ◽  
Mature Spermatozoon ◽  
Cortical Microtubules ◽  
Lateral Expansion ◽  
Phylogenetic Implications ◽  
External Ornamentation ◽  
Mature Spermatozoa

We describe here the mature spermatozoa of three species of bucephalids, namely Bucephalus margaritae, Rhipidocotyle khalili and Prosorhynchus longisaccatus. This study provides the first ultrastructural data on the genera Bucephalus and Rhipidocotyle and enabled us to confirm the model of the mature spermatozoon in the Bucephalinae. The spermatozoon exhibits two axonemes with the 9 + “1” pattern of the Trepaxonemata, one of which is very short, lateral expansion, external ornamentation of the plasma membrane located in the anterior extremity of the spermatozoon and associated with cortical microtubules, spine-like bodies, a mitochondrion, and a nucleus. The maximum number of cortical microtubules is located in the anterior part of the spermatozoon. However, more studies are needed to elucidate if spine-like bodies are present in all the Bucephalinae or not. In the Prosorhynchinae, the mature spermatozoon exhibits a similar ultrastructural pattern. Some differences are observed, particularly the axoneme lengths and the arrangement of the spine-like bodies. The posterior extremity of the spermatozoon in the Bucephalinae exhibits only the nucleus, but prosorhynchines have microtubules.

Role of the Tensor Tympani Muscle in Eustachian Tube Function I

1983 ◽  
Vol 95 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 329-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwao Honjo ◽  
K. Ushiro ◽  
T. Haji ◽  
T. Nozoe ◽  
H. Matsui
Keyword(s):  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Eustachian Tube Function ◽  
Tube Function ◽  
Tensor Tympani Muscle

The effect of topical xylometazoline on Eustachian tube function

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
K S Joshi ◽  
V W Q Ho ◽  
M E Smith ◽  
J R Tysome
Keyword(s):  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Intranasal Administration ◽  
Anterior Part ◽  
Eustachian Tube Dysfunction ◽  
Eustachian Tube Function ◽  
Nasal Decongestants ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Tube Dysfunction ◽  
Tube Function

AbstractBackgroundTopical nasal decongestants are frequently used as part of the medical management of symptoms related to Eustachian tube dysfunction.ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the effect of topical xylometazoline hydrochloride sprayed in the anterior part of the nose on Eustachian tube active and passive opening in healthy ears.MethodsActive and passive Eustachian tube function was assessed in healthy subjects before and after intranasal administration of xylometazoline spray, using tympanometry, video otoscopy, sonotubometry, tubo-tympano-aerodynamic-graphy and tubomanometry.ResultsResting middle-ear pressures were not significantly different following decongestant application. Eustachian tube opening rate was not significantly different following the intervention, as measured by all function tests used. Sonotubometry data showed a significant increase in the duration of Eustachian tube opening following decongestant application.ConclusionThere remains little or no evidence that topical nasal decongestants improve Eustachian tube function. Sonotubometry findings do suggest that further investigation with an obstructive Eustachian tube dysfunction patient cohort is warranted.

Lymphoma Invading the Anterior Eustachian Tube

1986 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuo Takahara ◽  
Charles D. Bluestone ◽  
Isamu Sando ◽  
Eugene N. Myers
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Anterior Part ◽  
Lateral Part ◽  
Tensor Veli Palatini Muscle ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
The Right ◽  
Temporal Bones

The temporal bones of a man with poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma, who had had a bilateral conductive hearing loss and incomplete left-sided facial palsy, were obtained. Sections were prepared for histologic study by staining with hematoxylin and eosin and were examined under the light microscope. The left temporal bone showed marked tumor cell involvement, not only of the lateral part of the cartilaginous portion of the eustachian tube (ET) where the tensor veli palatini muscle had been partially destroyed, but also in the anterior part of the temporal bone. A serous middle ear effusion was present, but the lumen of the ET was unaffected by tumor or inflammation. The pathological findings in the right temporal bone were similar to those in the left, although the cartilaginous part of the ET and its surrounding structures were not available for study. The pathogenesis of otitis media with effusion appeared to be secondary to functional ET obstruction, due to the dysfunction of the tensor veli palatini muscle as a result of the tumor destruction. This case is the first to be reported in which functional ET obstruction, secondary to tumor invasion of the active muscle dilator of the ET, has been histologically confirmed.

Middle-Ear Mucosa in Newborn Infants

1974 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Bak-Pedersen ◽  
Mirko Tos
Keyword(s):  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Anterior Part ◽  
Normal Component ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
Middle Ear Mucosa ◽  
Whole Mount

To ascertain whether the mucous glands constitute a normal or abnormal component of the mucous membrane in the osseous Eustachian tube and middle ear, 28 prematures and newborn infants were studied. The entire mucous membrane from the Eustachian tube and middle ear was removed and stained by the PAS-alcian blue whole mount method. No mucous glands were found in the osseous tube or middle ear, although the conditions for their formation were present, there being goblet cells and stratified columnar epithelium in the osseous tube and anterior part of the middle ear. Thus, the mucous glands do not form a normal component of the middle ear mucosa, although they may be demonstrated in ears which are clinically quite normal. Minor and short lasting catarrhal affections of the tubal and middle ear mucosa — Which occur in everyone during childhood or later without leaving any other sequelae in the middle ear — may lead to the formation of a few glands. As long as only a few glands are present, the production of mucus is negligible and does not entail clinical symptoms. In chronic middle ear diseases the density of glands is relatively high, and the mucus or mucus-admixed discharge occurring in these diseases is an active product of the mucous glands and goblet cells.

Morphology of Tensor Veli Palatini, Tensor Tympani, and Dilatator Tubae Muscles

1978 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Rood ◽  
W. J. Doyle
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Normal Functioning ◽  
Muscle System ◽  
Human System ◽  
Lateral Group ◽  
Tensor Veli Palatini Muscle ◽  
Medial Group ◽  
Tensor Tympani Muscle

The relationships among the paratubal muscles were studied in human fetal and adult Eustachian tubes. That which has, in recent years, been labeled the tensor veli palatini muscle actually consists of two distinct groups of muscle fibers: a medial group, henceforth termed dilatator tubae, and a lateral group, called tensor veli palatini. The latter was found to have no Eustachian tube origin, but was continuous superiorly with the tensor tympani muscle. The dilatator tubae muscle was found to have a tubal attachment. The participation of this muscle system in the normal functioning of the Eustachian tube-middle ear system in man, and the problems inherent in the development of animal models simulating the physiology of the human system, are discussed.

Fine structure of the rectal papillae of the oriental fruuit fly, Dacus dorsalis Hendel (Tephritidae, Diptera Insecta)

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 498-499
Author(s):  
Len Wen-Yung ◽  
Mei-Jung Lin
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Intercellular Space ◽  
Anterior Part ◽  
Apical Cell ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
Apical Cell Membrane ◽  
Dacus Dorsalis ◽  
Radial Cell ◽  
Circular Base

Four cone-shaped rectal papillae locate at the anterior part of the rectum in Dacus dorsalis fly. The circular base of the papilla protrudes into the haemolymph (Fig. 1,2) and the rest cone-shaped tip (Fig. 2) inserts in the rectal lumen. The base is surrounded with the cuticle (Fig. 5). The internal structure of the rectal papilla (Fig. 3) comprises of the cortex with the columnar epithelial cells and a rod-shaped medulla. Between them, there is the infundibular space and many trabeculae connect each other. Several tracheae insert into the papilla through the top of the medulla, then run into the cortical epithelium and locate in the intercellular space. The intercellular sinuses distribute in the posterior part of the rectal papilla.The cortex of the base divides into about thirty segments. Between segments there is a radial cell (Fig. 4). Under the cuticle, the apical cell membrane of the cortical epithelium is folded into a regular border of leaflets (Fig. 5).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document