scholarly journals I. On the motion of fluid, part of which is moving rotationally and part irrotationally

1883 ◽  
Vol 36 (228-231) ◽  
pp. 276-284 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Single Equation ◽  
Plane Motion ◽  
Vortex Lines ◽  
Irrotational Motion

Clebsch has show that the components of the velocity of a fluid u, v, w , parallel to rectangular axes x, y, z , may always be expressed thus— u = dX / dx + λ dψ / dx . v = dX / dy + λ dψ / dy , w = dX / dz +λ dψ / dz ; Where λ, ψ are systems of surfaces whose intersections determine the vortex lines; and the pressure satisfies an equation which is equivalent to the following— p /ρ + V = - dX / dt -1/2{( dX / dx ) 2 + ( dX / dy ) 2 + ( dX / dz ) 2 } + 1/2 λ 2 {( dψ / dx ) 2 + ( dψ / dy ) 2 + ( dψ / dz ) 2 } where p is the pressure, ρ the density, and V the potential of the forces acting on the liquid. It is shown in this paper that an equation in λ only can be obtained in the following cases (that is to say, as in cases of irrotational motion, the determination of the motion depends on the solution of a single equation only):— (1.) Plane motion, referred to rectangular co-ordinates x , y .

XVI. On the motion of fluid, part of which is moving rotationally and part irrotationally

1884 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 363-409 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Single Equation ◽  
Plane Motion ◽  
Vortex Lines ◽  
Rectangular Coordinates ◽  
Irrotational Motion ◽  
Arbitrary Velocity ◽  
Complicated Nature

Clebsch has shown that the components of the velocity of a fluid u , v , w , parallel to rectangular axes x , y , z , may always be expressed thus u = dχ / dx + λ dΨ / dx , v = dχ / dy + λ dΨ / dy , w = dχ / dz + λ dΨ / dz ; where λ, Ψ are systems of surfaces whose intersections determine the vortex lines; and the pressure satisfies an equation which is equivalent to the following p / ρ + V = – dχ / dt –½{( dχ / dx ) 2 + ( dχ / dy ) 2 +( dχ / dz ) 2 } + ½ λ 2 {( dΨ / dx ) 2 +( dΨ / dy ) 2 +( dΨ / dz ) 2 } where p is the pressure, ρ the density, and V the potential of the forces acting on the liquid. It is shown in this paper that an equation of a complicated nature in λ only can be obtained in the following cases (that is to say, as in cases of irrotational motion, the determination of the motion depends on the solution of a single equation only):— (1.) Plane motion, referred to rectangular coordinates x , y . The equation is somewhat simpler when the vortex surfaces are of invariable form, and move parallel to one of the axes of coordinates with arbitrary velocity.

scholarly journals Models of unionism and unemployment

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Checchi ◽  
Luca Nunziata
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Union Density ◽  
Single Equation ◽  
Income Support ◽  
Market Institutions ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
The Relationship

We investigate the problem of simultaneous determination of labour market institutions and outcomes in single equation multi-country estimations by presenting an empirical analysis of unemployment and union density in 20 OECD countries. When explicitly modelling potential endogeneity and heterogeneity, our results suggest that unions contribute to explaining unemployment in different ways than previously thought. In addition, the relationship between unemployment and union density is heterogeneous across countries, depending on the way in which income support for the unemployed is organized.

scholarly journals Characterization of Kinetic Binding Properties of Unlabeled Ligands via a Preincubation Endpoint Binding Approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 729-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Shimizu ◽  
Kazumasa Ogawa ◽  
Masaharu Nakayama
Keyword(s):  
Dissociation Constants ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Single Equation ◽  
Dissociation Rate ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Kinetic Measurements ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Endpoint Assay

The dissociation rates of unlabeled drugs have been well studied by kinetic binding analyses. Since kinetic assays are laborious, we developed a simple method to determine the kinetic binding parameters of unlabeled competitors by a preincubation endpoint assay. The probe binding after preincubation of a competitor can be described by a single equation as a function of time. Simulations using the equation revealed the degree of IC50 change induced by preincubation of a competitor depended on the dissociation rate koff of the competitor but not on the association rate kon. To validate the model, an in vitro binding assay was performed using a smoothened receptor (SMO) and [3H]TAK-441, a SMO antagonist. The equilibrium dissociation constants (KI) and koff of SMO antagonists determined by globally fitting the model to the concentration–response curves obtained with and without 24 h preincubation correlated well with those determined by other methods. This approach could be useful for early-stage optimization of drug candidates by enabling determination of binding kinetics in a high-throughput manner because it does not require kinetic measurements, an intermediate washout step during the reaction, or prior determination of competitors’ KI values.

scholarly journals Torsional Strength Determination of Ferrocement U-Wraps RC Beams with using Different Methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 4017-4023
Keyword(s):  
Single Equation ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Rc Beams ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Torsional Strength ◽  
Truss Model ◽  
Soft Computing Method ◽  
Strength Determination ◽  
Computing Method

Retrofitting of distressed structures is a major concern worldwide for researchers particularly against torsion. Determination of torsional strength of retrofitted RC beams “U” wraps is again a difficult task. The experimental program is taken up with 30 rectangular beams tested under pure torsion. Torque of such a “U” wrapped RC beam with other dimension and material cannot be derived from these experimental results. To compute the same; analytical method based on softened truss model of Hsu is employed with modification on material properties. Both experimental and analytical methods are unable to provide a single equation to quantify the torsional strength. To overcome the same, soft computing method MARS and WASPAS method is employed in the present investigation. The methods are easy and time saving.

Abstract Executive Compensation Models: Some Problems with Traditional Methods of Estimation

1977 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 641-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Arnould
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Executive Compensation ◽  
Single Equation ◽  
Simultaneous Equation ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Preference Behavior ◽  
Expense Preference Behavior ◽  
Expense Preference

The author argues, in this paper, that there are at least three reasons why a simultaneous equation bias may exist and be significant in single equation estimates of executive compensation when one of the independent variables is a measure of firm performance. First, there is simultaneity between the determination of the MRP of the executive input and profit maximizing output in the classical microeconomic sense. Second, where firm performance is used as a measure of executive quality, then a simultaneous bias may develop. Third, the presence of expense preference behavior could result in simultaneous but inverse effects on executive compensation and firm performance.

Rigorous determination of the disintegration temperature of single vortex lines

1991 ◽  
Vol 181 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 163-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregor Hackenbroich ◽  
Stefan Scheidl
Keyword(s):  
Single Vortex ◽  
Vortex Lines

Determination of pinning forces on vortex lines in YBa2Cu3O7-delta

1999 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1090-1093 ◽  
Author(s):  
J H Durrell ◽  
R Herzog ◽  
P Berghuis ◽  
A P Bramley ◽  
E J Tarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vortex Lines

scholarly journals Is there a pass-through from the international coff ee price to the Mexican coff ee market?

2021 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-94
Author(s):  
Oscar Gálvez-Soriano ◽  
Miguel Cortés
Keyword(s):  
Market Integration ◽  
Single Equation ◽  
Correction Model ◽  
Full Sample ◽  
Price Increases ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
International Price ◽  
Pass Through

We estimate the transmission of coff ee prices from the international market to the Mexican market for the period 2004-2019. Our estimates are obtained from a single equation conditional Error Correction Model (ECM). We estimate our proposed model for two overlapping periods: before a hypothesised break (2004-2013), and full sample (2004-2019). The results of the first estimation suggest that given a 1% increase in the international price of coff ee, the Mexican price increases by 0.9%, which is larger than previous estimates in the literature, but a finding which is consistent with the idea of more market integration due to free trade agreements. Furthermore, we find that Mexican coff ee production has no eff ect in the determination of local coff ee prices. Our model also implies a previously undocumented break in the long-run relationship between international and national prices, which started in 2015 but was statistically significant until 2017. This latter finding suggests that the international coff ee price pass-through to the Mexican economy has come to an end.

scholarly journals Archimedes Screw Design: An Analytical Model for Rapid Estimation of Archimedes Screw Geometry

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 7812
Author(s):  
Arash YoosefDoost ◽  
William David Lubitz
Keyword(s):  
Single Equation ◽  
Relative Difference ◽  
Hydropower Plant ◽  
Local Flow ◽  
Rapid Estimation ◽  
Screw Design ◽  
Initial Design ◽  
Flow Duration Curves ◽  
A Site

In designing Archimedes screws, determination of the geometry is among the fundamental questions that may affect many aspects of the Archimedes screw powerplant. Most plants are run-of-river and highly depend on local flow duration curves that vary from river to river. An ability to rapidly produce realistic estimations for the initial design of a site-specific Archimedes screw plant helps to facilitate and accelerate the optimization of the powerplant design. An analytical method in the form of a single equation was developed to rapidly and easily estimate the Archimedes screw geometry for a specific site. This analytical equation was developed based on the accepted, proved or reported common designs characteristics of Archimedes screws. It was then evaluated by comparison of equation predictions to existing Archimedes screw hydropower plant installations. The evaluation results indicate a high correlation and reasonable relative difference. Use of the equation eliminates or simplifies several design steps and loops and accelerates the development of initial design estimations of Archimedes screw generators dramatically. Moreover, it helps to dramatically reduce one of the most significant burdens of small projects: the nonscalable initial investigation costs and enables rapid estimation of the feasibility of Archimedes screw powerplants at many potential sites.

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