scholarly journals Ethical governance is essential to building trust in robotics and artificial intelligence systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 376 (2133) ◽  
pp. 20180085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan F. T. Winfield ◽  
Marina Jirotka
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Public Engagement ◽  
Public Trust ◽  
Responsible Research And Innovation ◽  
Theme Issue ◽  
Building Trust ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Ethical Governance ◽  
Responsible Research ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Systems

This paper explores the question of ethical governance for robotics and artificial intelligence (AI) systems. We outline a roadmap—which links a number of elements, including ethics, standards, regulation, responsible research and innovation, and public engagement—as a framework to guide ethical governance in robotics and AI. We argue that ethical governance is essential to building public trust in robotics and AI, and conclude by proposing five pillars of good ethical governance. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Governing artificial intelligence: ethical, legal, and technical opportunities and challenges’.

scholarly journals Responsibility, Representation and Participation: Bureaucratic Steering of Biofuel Research

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahendra Shahare ◽  
Naveen Thayyil
Keyword(s):  
Public Engagement ◽  
Specific Aspect ◽  
Entry Point ◽  
Responsible Research And Innovation ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Societal Needs ◽  
Responsible Research

This article seeks to trace the implicit notion of responsibility in the bureaucratic steering of biofuel research in India—as a useful entry point to think further on framework of Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) in India. It concentrates on a specific aspect within the RRI framework in particular—public engagement and concerns for greater participation. By engaging with R&D in biofuel technologies in India, the techno-bureaucratic steering of its trajectories and the emphasis on public engagement within RRI frames, this article seeks to bring focus on how S&T governance in India could in principle be made more responsive to societal needs by motivating positive developments in line with public needs.

scholarly journals Irresponsible Research and Innovation? Applying Findings from Neuroscience to Analysis of Unsustainable Hype Cycles

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Fox
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Responsible Research And Innovation ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Irresponsible Behavior ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Responsible Research

The introduction of technological innovations is often associated with suboptimal decisions and actions during cycles of inflated expectations, disappointment, and unintended negative consequences. For brevity, these can be referred to as hype cycles. Hitherto, studies have reported hype cycles for many different technologies, and studies have proposed different methods for improving the introduction of technological innovations. Yet hype cycles persist, despite suboptimal outcomes being widely reported and despite methods being available to improve outcomes. In this communication paper, findings from exploratory research are reported, which introduce new directions for addressing hype cycles. Through reference to neuroscience studies, it is explained that the behavior of some adults in hype cycles can be analogous to that of irresponsible behavior among adolescents. In particular, there is heightened responsiveness to peer presence and potential rewards. Accordingly, it is argued that methods applied successfully to reduce irresponsible behavior among adolescents are relevant to addressing hype cycles, and to facilitating more responsible research and innovation. The unsustainability of hype cycles is considered in relation to hype about artificial intelligence (AI). In particular, the potential for human-beneficial AI to have the unintended negative consequence of being fatally unbeneficial to everything else in the geosphere other than human beings.

The story of lead: a context for learning about responsible research and innovation (RRI) in the chemistry classroom

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1145-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ron Blonder ◽  
Esty Zemler ◽  
Sherman Rosenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Responsible Research And Innovation ◽  
Shared Understanding ◽  
Science And Society ◽  
Chemistry Curriculum ◽  
Chemistry Students ◽  
The Public ◽  
Building Trust ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Responsible Research

Responsible research and innovation (RRI) stands at the center of several EU projects and represents a contemporary view of the connection between science and society. The goal of RRI is to create a shared understanding of the appropriate behaviors of governments, business and NGOs which are central to building trust and confidence of the public and other stakeholders in research and innovation. In this paper we describe a 4.5 hour lesson, “The Story of Lead,” which was developed for teaching RRI to high school chemistry students, based on the historical story of lead. The lesson is part of a larger module. The lesson connects the chemistry curriculum, related to the scientific aspects of lead, to the 6 RRI dimensions. We describe the progression of the lesson, provide relevant links and teaching materials, and present responses of teachers, after they tried out the lesson. The RRI dimensions are compared to prior work done in the field of Socioscientific Issues (SSI). Based on this evidence, we suggest that the lesson can be a good introduction to the topic of RRI in chemistry classrooms.

scholarly journals Science communication: process, power and politics

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (04) ◽  
pp. C02 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Broks
Keyword(s):  
Public Engagement ◽  
Science Communication ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Responsible Research And Innovation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Alternative Facts ◽  
Effective Science ◽  
Responsible Research

The “post-truth” age of “alternative facts” suggests both the urgent need for effective science communication and also its failure over the past thirty years. Two sessions at the Science in Public conference explored what could be done. Responsible Research and Innovation is presented as one possible way forward with the NUCLEUS project offered as an example. The result would be to transform “science communication” so that public engagement shares not only knowledge but the power that goes with it.

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