scholarly journals Epidemiology and pathogenesis of Kaposi's sarcoma–associated herpesvirus

2001 ◽  
Vol 356 (1408) ◽  
pp. 517-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Boshoff ◽  
Robin A. Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽  
Primary Effusion Lymphoma ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽  
Modes Of Transmission ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Immunosuppressed Patients ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Different Parts

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) occurs in Europe and the Mediterranean countries (classic KS) and Africa (endemic KS), immunosuppressed patients (iatrogenic or post–transplant KS) and those with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), especially among those who acquired human immunodeficiency virus sexually (AIDS–KS). KS–associated herpesvirus (KSHV or HHV–8) is unusual among herpesviruses in having a restricted geographical distribution. Like KS, which it induces in immunosuppressed or elderly people, the virus is prevalent in Africa, in Mediterranean countries, among Jews and Arabs and certain Amerindians. Distinct KSHV genotypes occur in different parts of the world, but have not been identified as having a differential pathogenesis. KSHV is aetiologically linked to three distinct neoplasms: (i) KS, (ii) primary effusion lymphoma, and (iii) plasmablastic multicentric Castleman's disease. The histogenesis, clonality and pathology of the tumours are described, together with the epidemiology and possible modes of transmission of the virus.

scholarly journals Diagnostic dilemma in Kaposi’s sarcoma

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (02) ◽  
pp. 179-181
Author(s):  
Rao B.S Satish ◽  
Tauro F Leo ◽  
Menezes Theobald Leo ◽  
B Nandakishore ◽  
K Praveen Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Diagnostic Dilemma ◽  
Bacillary Angiomatosis ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

ABSTRACTKaposi′s sarcoma is described as cutaneous and extracutaneous neoplasm predominantly affecting older individuals. Though earlier uncommon and endemic to certain African areas, its incidence is on a rise due to infections with human immunodeficiency virus and also due to transplant-associated immunosuppression. Further, certain benign conditions like Pseudo Kaposi′s sarcoma, certain infective conditions like bacillary angiomatosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome can mimic Kaposi′s sarcoma both clinically and histologically leading to a diagnostic dilemma. We report such a case here.

Kaposi's Sarcoma of the Head and Neck in Patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

1994 ◽  
Vol 111 (5) ◽  
pp. 618-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhuvanesh Singh ◽  
Gady Har-El ◽  
Frank E. Lucente
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Kaposi's sarcoma is the most common neoplastic process in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Moreover, the occurrence of Kaposi's sarcoma in human immunodeficiency virus—infected patients advances their classification to having the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. We reviewed the medical records of 48 patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection who had Kaposi's sarcoma documented on their initial visit to the hospital. The onset of Kaposi's sarcoma occurred independent of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention classification of human immunodeficiency virus infection (modified to exclude Kaposi's sarcoma). This neoplasm developed more frequently in patients who acquired human immunodeficiency virus infection by sexual contact (75% of cases), but manifestations were not significantly different in any of the risk populations for human immunodeficiency virus infection. Kaposi's sarcoma lesions were unpredictable and either showed progression, remained static, or occasionally, regressed spontaneously. Moreover, the lesions were usually multifocal at presentation, with the head and neck (62.5% of cases) as the primary site of involvement. In this region cutaneous lesions predominated (66.7%), followed by mucosal (56.7%) and deep structure (13.3%) involvement. The majority of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Kaposi's sarcoma involving head and neck structures were asymptomatic (80% of cases). Mucosal lesions were associated with symptoms in 29.3% of cases, whereas cutaneous lesions had symptoms in 5% of cases.

scholarly journals Visceral Kaposi’s Sarcoma Presenting as Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Naomi Hauser ◽  
Devon McKenzie ◽  
Xavier Fonseca ◽  
Jose Orsini
Keyword(s):  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Initiation Of Therapy ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Alternative Sites

Since the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the incidence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome- (AIDS-) related Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) has decreased dramatically. While cutaneous KS is the most common and well-known manifestation, knowledge of alternative sites such as the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is important. GI-KS is particularly dangerous because of its potential for serious complications including perforation, obstruction, or bleeding. We report a rare case of GI-KS presenting as upper GI bleeding in a human immunodeficiency virus- (HIV-) infected transgendered individual. Prompt diagnosis and early initiation of therapy are the cornerstones for management of this potentially severe disease.

scholarly journals Perforation of the Jejunum Secondary to AIDS-Related Gastrointestinal Kaposi's Sarcoma

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric M Yoshida ◽  
Norman HL Chan ◽  
Clifford Chan-Yan ◽  
Robert M Baird
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acute Abdomen ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Intestinal Perforation ◽  
Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Intestinal perforation in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients due solely to Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) has rarely been described. A homosexual man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related KS who presented with an acute abdomen is presented. He was found to have a jejunal perforation through a small KS lesion. There were no infectious organisms identified at the site of perforation.

Trauma-induced Kaposi's sarcoma of the hallux. An unusual case

1998 ◽  
Vol 88 (10) ◽  
pp. 500-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
KD Berkowitz ◽  
AC Bonner ◽  
B Makimaa ◽  
JP Flash ◽  
H Sasken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Malignant Lesion ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Case Basis

Kaposi's sarcoma is the most common malignant lesion in patients who test seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus. Although many cases of this tumor have been described in the literature, only a few cases have been related to Koebner's phenomenon following trauma. Biopsy of lesions remains the standard method of diagnosis, but the numerous treatment options available today require treatment to be determined on a case-by-case basis. The authors present an unusual case of trauma-induced, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related Kaposi's sarcoma of the hallux with successful treatment through radiotherapy.

Smooth Muscle Tumors in Children With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 460-463
Author(s):  
BRIGITTA U. MUELLER ◽  
KARINA M. BUTLER ◽  
M. COLLEEN HIGHAM ◽  
ROBERT N. HUSSON ◽  
KAREN A. MONTRELLA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽  
Neoplastic Disease ◽  
Smooth Muscle Tumors ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Hodgkin's Lymphomas ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Neoplastic disease is an increasing problem in adults with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Kaposi's sarcoma is the indicator disease in 9% and lymphoma in 3% of adult AIDS cases.1 Indeed, the estimated incidence rate of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) reaches almost 50% in adult patients who have survived for up to 3 years while receiving antiretroviral therapy and who have a CD4 count below 50 cells/mm3.2 Children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have also been treated and followed up for an extended period of time, but a similar increase in the incidence of malignancies has not yet been described. Through December 1990, only 17 children with NHL and 1 child with Kaposi's sarcoma as AIDS-indicator disease have been reported to the Centers of Disease Control.1

scholarly journals Isolated Bulbar Conjunctival Kaposi’s Sarcoma as a Primary Presentation of AIDS: A Case Report

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Sofia Maia ◽  
Miguel Gomes ◽  
Luís Oliveira ◽  
Paulo Torres
Keyword(s):  
Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽  
Human Herpesvirus ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽  
Vascular Tumor ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Unusual Site ◽  
Herpesvirus 8 ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is a malignant vascular tumor, caused by the human herpesvirus 8. It is one of the commonest tumors in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients and not uncommonly the first manifestation of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).Case. We present a case of an isolated bulbar conjunctival KS on a 43-year-old HIV positive male, with no other lesions. Excision and cryotherapy were performed, and the patient remains free of lesions to date.Conclusion. Isolated bulbar conjunctival KP is an unusual site for its initial presentation and must be kept in mind in HIV positive patients.

Intralesional Vinblastine for Treating Aids-Associated Kaposi's Sarcoma of the Oropharynx and Larynx

1996 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 272-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Friedman ◽  
T. K. Venkatesan ◽  
David D. Caldarelli
Keyword(s):  
Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽  
Sulfate Solution ◽  
Complete Regression ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Vinblastine Sulfate

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), the most frequent malignant neoplasm associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, often involves the oropharynx and larynx. This study evaluated the efficacy of intralesional vinblastine sulfate injection in oropharyngeal and laryngeal KS. Twenty-four human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients with a total of 26 KS lesions were treated with injections of 0.1 — or 0.2-mg/mL vinblastine sulfate solution. Subsequent injections were administered at 4- to 5-week intervals if necessary until the lesions resolved or stabilized. Complete regression was achieved in 16 lesions (62%), 20% to 50% reduction in 4 lesions (15%), and less than 20% reduction in 3 lesions (12%). Two lesions (8%) did not respond, and 1 (4%) grew despite the injections. Thirteen patients experienced no adverse effects. Eleven patients reported pain not relieved by acetaminophen; 5 of these 11 also had ulceration secondary to the injection. Both pain and ulceration were self-limiting. We conclude that vinblastine injection is a viable option for treatment of oropharyngeal and laryngeal KS lesions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document