Invasion of murine respiratory epithelial cells in vivo by Burkholderia cepacia

2001 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 594-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
C-H. CHIU ◽  
A. OSTRY ◽  
D.P. SPEERT
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Respiratory Epithelial Cells ◽  
Respiratory Epithelial

scholarly journals Immunobiotic Lactobacilli Improve Resistance of Respiratory Epithelial Cells to SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1197
Author(s):  
Md. Aminul Islam ◽  
Leonardo Albarracin ◽  
Mikado Tomokiyo ◽  
Juan Carlos Valdez ◽  
Jacinto Sacur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Poly I:C ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Respiratory Epithelial Cells ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Respiratory Epithelial

Previously, we reported that immunomodulatory lactobacilli, nasally administered, beneficially regulated the lung antiviral innate immune response induced by Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) activation and improved protection against the respiratory pathogens, influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus in mice. Here, we assessed the immunomodulatory effects of viable and non-viable Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains in human respiratory epithelial cells (Calu-3 cells) and the capacity of these immunobiotic lactobacilli to reduce their susceptibility to the acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Immunobiotic L. plantarum MPL16 and CRL1506 differentially modulated IFN-β, IL-6, CXCL8, CCL5 and CXCL10 production and IFNAR2, DDX58, Mx1 and OAS1 expression in Calu-3 cells stimulated with the TLR3 agonist poly(I:C). Furthermore, the MPL16 and CRL1506 strains increased the resistance of Calu-3 cells to the challenge with SARS-CoV-2. L. plantarum MPL16 induced these beneficial effects more efficiently than the CRL1506 strain. Of note, neither non-viable MPL16 and CRL1506 strains nor the non-immunomodulatory strains L. plantarum CRL1905 and MPL18 could modify the resistance of Calu-3 cells to SARS-CoV-2 infection or the immune response to poly(I:C) challenge. To date, the potential beneficial effects of immunomodulatory probiotics on SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 outcome have been extrapolated from studies carried out in the context of other viral pathogens. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of the ability of immunomodulatory lactobacilli to positively influence the replication of the new coronavirus. Further mechanistic studies and in vivo experiments in animal models of SARS-CoV-2 infection are necessary to identify specific strains of beneficial immunobiotic lactobacilli like L. plantarum MPL16 or CRL1506 for the prevention or treatment of the COVID-19.

scholarly journals Pneumococcal Interactions with Epithelial Cells Are Crucial for Optimal Biofilm Formation and ColonizationIn VitroandIn Vivo

2012 ◽  
Vol 80 (8) ◽  
pp. 2744-2760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura R. Marks ◽  
G. Iyer Parameswaran ◽  
Anders P. Hakansson
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Respiratory Epithelial Cells ◽  
Symptomatic Infection ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Abiotic Surfaces ◽  
Horizontal Spread ◽  
Respiratory Epithelial

ABSTRACTThe human nasopharynx is the main reservoir forStreptococcus pneumoniae(the pneumococcus) and the source for both horizontal spread and transition to infection. Some clinical evidence indicates that nasopharyngeal carriage is harder to eradicate with antibiotics than is pneumococcal invasive disease, which may suggest that colonizing pneumococci exist in biofilm communities that are more resistant to antibiotics. While pneumococcal biofilms have been observed during symptomatic infection, their role in colonization and the role of host factors in this process have been less studied. Here, we show for the first time that pneumococci form highly structured biofilm communities during colonization of the murine nasopharynx that display increased antibiotic resistance. Furthermore, pneumococcal biofilms grown on respiratory epithelial cells exhibited phenotypes similar to those observed during colonizationin vivo, whereas abiotic surfaces produced less ordered and more antibiotic-sensitive biofilms. The importance of bacterial-epithelial cell interactions during biofilm formation was shown using both clinical strains with variable colonization efficacies and pneumococcal mutants with impaired colonization characteristicsin vivo. In both cases, the ability of strains to form biofilms on epithelial cells directly correlated with their ability to colonize the nasopharynxin vivo, with colonization-deficient strains forming less structured and more antibiotic-sensitive biofilms on epithelial cells, an association that was lost when grown on abiotic surfaces. Thus, these studies emphasize the importance of host-bacterial interactions in pneumococcal biofilm formation and provide the first experimental data to explain the high resistance of pneumococcal colonization to eradication by antibiotics.

scholarly journals Role of Flagella in Host Cell Invasion by Burkholderia cepacia

2002 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 1799-1806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mladen Tomich ◽  
Christine A. Herfst ◽  
Joseph W. Golden ◽  
Christian D. Mohr
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Protein Translocation ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Respiratory Epithelial Cells ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Systemic Spread ◽  
Epithelial Barriers ◽  
Respiratory Epithelial

ABSTRACT Burkholderia cepacia is an important opportunistic human pathogen that affects immunocompromised individuals, particularly cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Colonization of the lungs of a CF patient by B. cepacia can lead not only to a decline in respiratory function but also to an acute systemic infection, such as bacteremia. We have previously demonstrated that a CF clinical isolate of B. cepacia, strain J2315, can invade and survive within cultured respiratory epithelial cells. In order to further characterize the mechanisms of invasion of B. cepacia, we screened a transposon-generated mutant library of strain J2315 for mutants defective in invasion of A549 respiratory epithelial cells. Here we describe isolation and characterization of a nonmotile mutant of B. cepacia with reduced invasiveness due to disruption of fliG, which encodes a component of the motor-switch complex of the flagellar basal body. We also found that a defined null mutation in fliI, a gene encoding a highly conserved ATPase required for protein translocation via the flagellar type III secretion system, also resulted in loss of motility and a significant reduction in invasion. Both mutants lacked detectable intracellular flagellin and failed to export detectable amounts of flagellin into culture supernatants, suggesting that disruption of fliG and fliI impaired flagellar biogenesis. The reduction in invasion did not appear to be due to defective adherence of the flagellar mutants to A549 cells, suggesting that functional flagella and motility are required for full invasiveness of B. cepacia. Our findings indicate that flagellum-mediated motility may facilitate penetration of host epithelial barriers by B. cepacia, contributing to establishment of infection and systemic spread of the organism.

Rhinovirus infection induces expression of type 2 nitric oxide synthase in human respiratory epithelial cells in vitro and in vivo

2001 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scherer P. Sanders ◽  
Edward S. Siekierski ◽  
Stephen M. Richards ◽  
Jacqueline D. Porter ◽  
Farhad Imani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Respiratory Epithelial Cells ◽  
Human Respiratory Epithelial Cells ◽  
Respiratory Epithelial ◽  
Oxide Synthase

scholarly journals Survival and multiplication of Burkholderia cepacia within respiratory epithelial cells

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 450-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne L. Tipper ◽  
Eileen Ingham ◽  
Jonathan H. Cove ◽  
Neil J. Todd ◽  
Kevin G. Kerr
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Respiratory Epithelial Cells ◽  
Respiratory Epithelial

scholarly journals PRIMARY CULTURES OF EPITHELIAL CELLS FROM RAINBOW TROUT GILLS

1993 ◽  
Vol 175 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Part ◽  
L. Norrgren ◽  
E. Bergstrom ◽  
P. Sjoberg
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Skin Extract ◽  
Respiratory Epithelial Cells ◽  
Attachment Efficiency ◽  
In Vivo Growth ◽  
Respiratory Epithelial

A method for obtaining primary cultures of epithelial cells from rainbow trout gills is described. The yield of cells from approximately 1.5 g wet mass of tissue was 218×106+/−12×106 cells with a viability defined by eosin exclusion of 80+/−6 %. Cells were seeded in culture dishes and grown in Leibowitz L-15 medium supplemented with 5 % foetal bovine serum. Attachment efficiency after 24 h was 35+/−6 %. The cells appeared confluent 10–12 days after seeding and exhibited surface structures similar to those seen on respiratory epithelial cells of trout gills in vivo. Growth rate, [3H]thymidine incorporation and attachment efficiency were used to evaluate culture conditions. Epidermal growth factor, insulin, transferrin, hydrocortisone, laminin and collagen did not improve growth and attachment. Similarly, coating the culture dishes with rat tail collagen, trout skin extract, laminin or a mixture of human basement membrane proteins (Matrigel) failed to improve attachment. It is concluded that the cells in culture are respiratory epithelial cells and that this culture system could provide a valuable new approach for studying the physiology of these cells.

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