scholarly journals Teunia rosae sp. nov. and Teunia rudbeckiae sp. nov. (Cryptococcaceae, Tremellales), two novel basidiomycetous yeast species isolated from flowers

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 5394-5400
Author(s):  
Gui-Shuang Wang ◽  
Yu Zhou ◽  
Lu Xue ◽  
Ai-Hua Li ◽  
Wangmu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Yeast Species ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Basidiomycetous Yeast ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Scanning Electron

Three yeast strains isolated from three flower samples were identified as representing two novel species of Teunia based on molecular phylogenetic analysis and phenotypic comparisons. Strains 12A8 and 21S4 with pink cream colonies and subglobose to globose cells had identical sequences in the ITS and LSU D1/D2 regions, which differed from strain X54 with cream colonies and ovoid to ellipsoidal cells by 6 nt substitutions (1 %) and 9 nt mismatches (1.5 %) in the D1/D2 domains and ITS region, respectively. They could also be distinguished from each other in assimilation of glucitol and salicin, growth at 28 °C and cell fibrillar appendages under scanning electron microscopy. The three strains differed from known species of Teunia by more than 8 nt (1.3 %) and 30 nt (5 %) in the D1/D2 domains and ITS region, respectively. Therefore, the names Teunia rudbeckiae sp. nov. (Holotype CGMCC 2.5840, Mycobank MB 835892) and Teunia rosae sp. nov. (Holotype CGMCC 2.5830, MycoBank MB 835891) are proposed to accommodate strain X54, and strains 12A8 and 21S4, respectively.

scholarly journals Balantidium grimi n. sp. (Ciliophora, Litostomatea), a new species inhabiting the rectum of the frog Quasipaa spinosa from Lishui, China

Parasite ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weishan Zhao ◽  
Can Li ◽  
Dong Zhang ◽  
Runqiu Wang ◽  
Yingzhen Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Ssu Rdna ◽  
The Body ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Scanning Electron

Balantidium grimi n. sp. is described from the rectum of the frog Quasipaa spinosa (Amphibia, Dicroglossidae) from Lishui, Zhejiang Province, China. The new species is described by both light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and a molecular phylogenetic analysis is also presented. This species has unique morphological features in that the body shape is somewhat flattened and the vestibulum is “V”-shaped, occupying nearly 3/8 to 4/7 of the body length. Only one contractile vacuole, situated at the posterior body, was observed. The phylogenetic analysis based on SSU-rDNA indicates that B. grimi groups together with B. duodeni and B. entozoon. In addition, the genus Balantidium is clearly polyphyletic.

scholarly journals Proposal of Mingxiaea gen. nov. for the anamorphic basidiomycetous yeast species in the Bulleribasidium clade (Tremellales) based on molecular phylogenetic analysis, with six new combinations and four novel species

2011 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 210-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi-Ming Wang ◽  
Feng-Yan Bai ◽  
Bundit Fungsin ◽  
Teun Boekhout ◽  
Takashi Nakase
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Yeast Species ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Basidiomycetous Yeast ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

The distinction and monophyletic property of the basidiomycetous yeast species in the Bulleribasidium clade of the order Tremellales was resolved by molecular phylogenetic analysis based on the combined sequences of the 18S rRNA gene, internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region including 5.8S rRNA gene and 26S rRNA gene D1/D2 domain. The addition to the clade of new anamorphic species identified among ballistoconidium-forming yeasts isolated from China confirmed and strengthened the separation of this clade from other clades or lineages in the order Tremellales. A new anamorphic genus, Mingxiaea gen. nov. (type species Mingxiaea variabilis comb. nov.) is therefore proposed to accommodate the anamorphic species in the Bulleribasidium clade. Six new combinations are proposed for the described species of this clade which were formerly assigned to the genus Bullera. Four novel species in the new genus were identified among 16 ballistoconidium-forming yeast strains isolated from plant leaves collected in Hainan province, southern China, by D1/D2 and ITS sequence analyses. The novel species are described as Mingxiaea sanyaensis sp. nov. (type strain SY-3.23T =AS 2. 3623T =CBS 11408T), Mingxiaea hainanensis (type strain WZS-8.13T =AS 2.4161T =CBS 11409T), Mingxiaea foliicola (type strain WZS-8.14T =AS 2.3518T =CBS 11407T) and Mingxiaea wuzhishanensis (type strain WZS-29.8T =AS 2.4163T =CBS 11411T).

New perspectives on Nephridiacanthus major (Acanthocephala: Oligacanthorhynchidae) collected from hedgehogs in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.M. Amin ◽  
M. Sharifdini ◽  
R.A. Heckmann ◽  
M. Zarean
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Molecular Profile ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Time ◽  
Scanning Electron

We describe morphological features not previously reported for this old acanthocephalan Nephridiacanthus major (Bremser, 1811 in Westrumb, 1821) Golvan, 1962 first described over 200 years ago. Our specimens were collected from long-eared hedgehog Hemiechinus auritus (Gmelin, 1770) (Erinaceidae) in Iran. We compare the morphometrics of our material with others previously reported from the same host in Iran, Russia, central Asia and Europe. Our specimens had markedly smaller proboscides, proboscis hooks and lemnisci than those reported from Russia and central Asia, but comparable measurements of other structures with specimens previously described from other collections. We document our new observations with scanning electron microscopy features not previously demonstrable by other observers and provide a chemical analysis of proboscis hooks using energy-dispersive X-ray analysis for the first time. The molecular profile of this acanthocephalan, based on 18S rDNA and cox1 genes, was generated for the first time. The phylogenetic analysis showed that N. major is placed in a clade of the family Oligacanthorhynchidae, well separated from the families Moniliformidae and Gigantorhynchidae.

scholarly journals Trichosporon Species Isolated from Guano Samples Obtained from Bat-Inhabited Caves in Japan

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 7626-7629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Sugita ◽  
Ken Kikuchi ◽  
Koichi Makimura ◽  
Kensaku Urata ◽  
Takashi Someya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Species ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Rich Source ◽  
Basidiomycetous Yeast ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Trichosporon Species ◽  
Ascomycetous Yeasts ◽  
Bat Guano

ABSTRACT Yeasts from caves have rarely been examined. We examined yeasts collected from bat guano samples from 20 bat-inhabited limestone and volcanic caves located in 11 prefectures in Japan. Of ∼700 yeast-like colonies, nine Trichosporon species were recovered from 15 caves. Two of these were known species, and the remaining seven are potentially novel species, based on molecular phylogenetic analyses. In addition to Trichosporon species, identifiable strains of eight ascomycetous yeasts and one basidiomycetous yeast were recovered at frequencies of 5 to 35%. Our findings suggest that Trichosporon spp. are the major yeast species in bat guano in Japan and that bat guano is a potentially rich source of previously undescribed yeast species.

scholarly journals Taxonomic significance of pollen morphology in Succisa and Succisella

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoya M. Tsymbalyuk ◽  
Sergei L. Mosyakin ◽  
Lyudmila M. Nitsenko
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Polar View ◽  
Taxonomic Significance ◽  
Oblate Spheroidal ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Pollen morphology of representatives of the genera Succisa and Succisella in the flora of Ukraine was studied using light and scanning electron microscopy. Pollen grains in both taxa were tricolpate, prolate, rarely oblate-spheroidal or spheroidal; large-sized. Their outline in polar view was subcircular, rarely trilobate, in equatorial view elliptical or rarely circular. Colpi short, of variable width, margins irregular with distinct, narrow margo, and blunt or acute ends. Exine sculpture was echinate-microechinate. The revealed characteristics of pollen grains are taxonomically significant at the generic and specific levels, and they can be used in pollen analysis. Palynomorphological data are consistent with the results of recent molecular phylogenetic studies. Data on pollen morphology also confirm taxonomic circumscription of Succiseae V. Mayer & Ehrend. Pollen grains in Succiseae are characterized by a tricolpate aperture type, which was probably ancestral in Dipsacaceae s. str.

scholarly journals Joermungandr bolti , an exceptionally preserved ‘microsaur’ from the Mazon Creek Lagerstätte reveals patterns of integumentary evolution in Recumbirostra

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 210319
Author(s):  
Arjan Mann ◽  
Ami S. Calthorpe ◽  
Hillary C. Maddin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Phylogenetic Methods ◽  
Mazon Creek ◽  
Single Part ◽  
Scanning Electron

The Carboniferous Pennsylvanian-aged (309–307 Ma) Mazon Creek Lagerstätte produces some of the earliest fossils of major Palaeozoic tetrapod lineages. Recently, several new tetrapod specimens collected from Mazon Creek have come to light, including the earliest fossorially adapted recumbirostrans. Here, we describe a new long-bodied recumbirostran, Joermungandr bolti gen. et sp. nov., known from a single part and counterpart concretion bearing a virtually complete skeleton. Uniquely, Joermungandr preserves a full suite of dorsal, flank and ventral dermal scales, together with a series of thinned and reduced gastralia. Investigation of these scales using scanning electron microscopy reveals ultrastructural ridge and pit morphologies, revealing complexities comparable to the scale ultrastructure of extant snakes and fossorial reptiles, which have scales modified for body-based propulsion and shedding substrate. Our new taxon also represents an important early record of an elongate recumbirostran bauplan, wherein several features linked to fossoriality, including a characteristic recumbent snout, are present. We used parsimony phylogenetic methods to conduct phylogenetic analysis using the most recent recumbirostran-focused matrix. The analysis recovers Joermungandr within Recumbirostra with likely affinities to the sister clades Molgophidae and Brachystelechidae. Finally, we review integumentary patterns in Recumbirostra, noting reductions and losses of gastralia and osteoderms associated with body elongation and, thus, probably also associated with increased fossoriality.

scholarly journals Naganishia floricola sp. nov., a novel basidiomycetous yeast species isolated from flowers of Sorbaria sorbifolia

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 4496-4501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhou ◽  
Bi-Si Jia ◽  
Yu-Guang Zhou ◽  
Ai-Hua Li ◽  
Lu Xue
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Basidiomycetous Yeast ◽  
D2 Domain

Two yeast strains representing a novel species in the basidiomycetous yeast genus Naganishia were isolated from flowers of Sorbaria sorbifolia collected in Beijing Olympic Forest Park, PR China. Results of multi-gene phylogenetic analysis indicated that the two strains were closely related to the type strains of Naganishia bhutanensis (CBS 6294T) and Naganishia antarctica (CBS 7687T). However, the new isolates differed from N. bhutanensis CBS 6294T by 1.79 % sequence divergence in the D1/D2 domain (11 nt substitutions and three indels), and 2.42 % (15 nt differences and one indel) to N. antarctica CBS 7687T. In the ITS region, the new isolates showed 1.15 % divergence (7 nt substitutions and one indel) to N. bhutanensis CBS 6294T and 0.92 % divergence (5 nt substitutions and no indels) to N. antarctica CBS 7687T. A phylogenetic analysis employing the sequences of six genes (D1/D2 domain of large subunit rDNA, ITS, small subunit rDNA, two subunits of the RNA polymerase II and elongation factor-1α) indicated that the novel species belonged to the genus Naganishia and formed a well-supported clade with N. bhutanensis, N. antarctica and N. indica. Moreover, the two strains differed from their closest relatives by the ability to grow on distinct carbon and nitrogen sources and ability to grow at 30 °C. On the basis of these findings, we propose a novel species in the genus Naganishia (Filobasidiales), Naganishia floricola sp. nov. (holotype CGMCC 2.5856).

Micro- and Nanostructures of Calcareous Foraminiferal Tests: Insight from Representatives of Miliolida, Rotaliida and Lagenida

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zofia Dubicka ◽  
Krzysztof Owocki ◽  
Michał Gloc
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fiber Bundles ◽  
Calcite Crystal ◽  
Crystal Fiber ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstructions ◽  
Inner Surface ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Taxonomic System

Abstract The test structures of Lagenida, Rotaliida, and Miliolida (Foraminifera) are described at an unprecedented scale of resolution. Observations using conventional and field-emission scanning electron microscopy revealed distinct micro- and nanoscale differences in the textural compositions of these three main groups of calcifying foraminifers, consistent with recent molecular phylogenetic reconstructions and a higher-level taxonomic system. The rotaliid test is entirely composed of roughly spherical primary carbonate nanograins, up to 100 nm in diameter, which merge into micrometer-sized irregular aggregates. The miliolid test is made up of two morphologically different primary crystallites. Arbitrarily arranged needle-shaped elements (up to 1 µm in length and 200 nm in width) make up the bulk of the test, including the inside of the wall (porcelain) and mineralized inner surface (intrados) (ca. 100 nm in thickness). Roughly spherical nanograins (up to 50 nm in diameter) form more or less regularly arranged polygons of an outer lamina (extrados), which is ca. 200 nm in thickness. By contrast, the lagenid test texture is characterized by much larger crystals than in other calcifying foraminifers. At moderate magnification, lagenid tests display a fibrous texture composed of fiber bundles (tens of μm in length and several μm in width) that are oriented perpendicular to test surfaces and taper towards the ends when in contact with another lamina. At higher magnification, each bundle constitutes a single calcite crystal with an inner pore extending along the entire length of the crystal/fiber. We measured test hardness using the nanoindentation method. This is the first application of this technique in microfossils. We found that Cretaceous Lagenida tests were more resistant to mechanical stress than Rotaliida tests. These comparative strengths may be linked to internal test microstructure and play a role in determining habitats in which these taxa can live.

Description of larva of Amblyomma romitii (Acari: Ixodidae) by optical and scanning electron microscopy, including porotaxy and phylogenetic analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darci M. Barros-Battesti ◽  
Diego G. Ramirez ◽  
Janio dos Santos Sampaio ◽  
Katia M. Famadas ◽  
João Luiz H. Faccini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Scanning Electron

scholarly journals Comparative anatomy and phylogeny of the Forcipulatacea (Echinodermata: Asteroidea): insights from ossicle morphology

2019 ◽  
Vol 189 (3) ◽  
pp. 921-952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marine Fau ◽  
Loïc Villier
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Comparative Anatomy ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Consensus Tree ◽  
Sea Stars ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
Tree Resolution ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract A new phylogenetic analysis of the superorder Forcipulatacea is presented. Forcipulatacea is one of the three major groups of sea stars (Asteroidea: Echinodermata), composed of 400 extant species. The sampled taxa are thought to represent the morphological diversity of the group. Twenty-nine forcipulate taxa were sampled belonging to Asteriidae, Stichasteridae, Heliasteridae, Pedicellasteridae, Zoroasteridae and Brisingida. Specimens were dissected with bleach. Detailed description of the skeleton and the anatomy of the ossicles were investigated using scanning electron microscopy. Comparative anatomy allowed the scoring of 115 phylogenetically informative characters. The consensus tree resulting from the analysis recovers Asteriidae, Stichasteridae, Zoroasteridae and Brisingida as monophyletic. All types of morphological features contribute to tree resolution and may be appropriate for taxon diagnosis. The synapomorphies supporting different clades are described and discussed. Brisingida and Zoroasteridae are the best-supported clades. The potentially challenging position of Brisingida in the tree may be explained by homoplastic changes, but also by the presence of numerous non-applicable characters.

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