scholarly journals Pathogenesis comparison between the United States porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus prototype and S-INDEL-variant strains in conventional neonatal piglets

2016 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 1107-1121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Chen ◽  
Phillip C. Gauger ◽  
Molly R. Stafne ◽  
Joseph T. Thomas ◽  
Darin M. Madson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Neonatal Piglets ◽  
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus

scholarly journals High levels of unreported intraspecific diversity among RNA viruses in faeces of neonatal piglets with diarrhoea

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martí Cortey ◽  
Ivan Díaz ◽  
Anna Vidal ◽  
Gerard Martín-Valls ◽  
Giovanni Franzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Rna Viruses ◽  
Intraspecific Diversity ◽  
Virus Species ◽  
Neonatal Piglets ◽  
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
High Level ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Ngs ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Abstract Background Diarrhoea is a major cause of death in neonate pigs and most of the viruses that cause it are RNA viruses. Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) deeply characterize the genetic diversity among rapidly mutating virus populations at the interspecific as well as the intraspecific level. The diversity of RNA viruses present in faeces of neonatal piglets suffering from diarrhoea in 47 farms, plus 4 samples from non-diarrhoeic piglets has been evaluated by NGS. Samples were selected among the cases submitted to the Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratories of Infectious Diseases of the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (Barcelona, Spain) and Universidad de León (León, Spain). Results The analyses identified the presence of 12 virus species corresponding to 8 genera of RNA viruses. Most samples were co-infected by several viruses. Kobuvirus and Rotavirus were more commonly reported, with Sapovirus, Astrovirus 3, 4 and 5, Enterovirus G, Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus, Pasivirus and Posavirus being less frequently detected. Most sequences showed a low identity with the sequences deposited in GenBank, allowing us to propose several new VP4 and VP7 genotypes for Rotavirus B and Rotavirus C. Conclusions Among the cases analysed, Rotaviruses were the main aetiological agents of diarrhoea in neonate pigs. Besides, in a small number of cases Kobuvirus and Sapovirus may also have an aetiological role. Even most animals were co-infected in early life, the association with enteric disease among the other examined viruses was unclear. The NGS method applied successfully characterized the RNA virome present in faeces and detected a high level of unreported intraspecific diversity.

Dual infection with PCV-2 and porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus in neonatal piglets

2001 ◽  
Vol 148 (15) ◽  
pp. 482-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Hirai ◽  
T. Nunoya ◽  
T. Ihara ◽  
K. Kusanagi ◽  
K. Shibuya
Keyword(s):  
Dual Infection ◽  
Neonatal Piglets ◽  
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus

scholarly journals Assessment of the Long-Term Shedding Pattern of Salmonella Serovar Choleraesuis Following Experimental Infection of Neonatal Piglets

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin C. Anderson ◽  
Ken J. Genovese ◽  
Roger B. Harvey ◽  
Larry H. Stanker ◽  
John R. DeLoach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
The United States ◽  
Neonatal Piglets

In the United States, swine salmonellosis is most often attributed to infections by Salmonella serovar choleraesuis. As a host-adapted pathogen rarely found in nonswine sources, S. choleraesuis is thought to be spread primarily via horizontal transmission, with carrier animals playing an important role. Little has been reported regarding infection of neonatal piglets, particularly regarding their potential to become carriers. Evidence reported herein demonstrates that piglets experimentally infected by S. choleraesuis at 2 days of age were capable of shedding the pathogen for up to 85 days postinfection, at which time the study was concluded. This study also presents findings supporting the use of GN-Hajna as a preenrichment medium for the isolation of S. choleraesuis.

scholarly journals Porcine Deltacoronaviruses: Origin, Evolution, Cross-Species Transmission and Zoonotic Potential

Pathogens ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Fanzhi Kong ◽  
Qiuhong Wang ◽  
Scott P. Kenney ◽  
Kwonil Jung ◽  
Anastasia N. Vlasova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Acute Diarrhoea ◽  
The United States ◽  
Broad Host Range ◽  
Zoonotic Potential ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Neonatal Piglets ◽  
Turkey Poults

Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an emerging enteropathogenic coronavirus of swine that causes acute diarrhoea, vomiting, dehydration and mortality in seronegative neonatal piglets. PDCoV was first reported in Hong Kong in 2012 and its etiological features were first characterized in the United States in 2014. Currently, PDCoV is a concern due to its broad host range, including humans. Chickens, turkey poults, and gnotobiotic calves can be experimentally infected by PDCoV. Therefore, as discussed in this review, a comprehensive understanding of the origin, evolution, cross-species transmission and zoonotic potential of epidemic PDCoV strains is urgently needed.

Correlative microscopy in distrubuted (client/server) computing environments: tools for catalyzing the rapid dissemination of information about the cell biology of the human prostate

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 682-683
Author(s):  
A. Hakam ◽  
J.T. Gau ◽  
M.L. Grove ◽  
B.A. Evans ◽  
M. Shuman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Tissue Bank ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prostate Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Correlative Microscopy ◽  
Client Server ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Transplant Organ

Prostate adenocarcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of men in the United States and is the third leading cause of death in men. Despite attempts at early detection, there will be 244,000 new cases and 44,000 deaths from the disease in the United States in 1995. Therapeutic progress against this disease is hindered by an incomplete understanding of prostate epithelial cell biology, the availability of human tissues for in vitro experimentation, slow dissemination of information between prostate cancer research teams and the increasing pressure to “ stretch” research dollars at the same time staff reductions are occurring.To meet these challenges, we have used the correlative microscopy (CM) and client/server (C/S) computing to increase productivity while decreasing costs. Critical elements of our program are as follows:1) Establishing the Western Pennsylvania Genitourinary (GU) Tissue Bank which includes >100 prostates from patients with prostate adenocarcinoma as well as >20 normal prostates from transplant organ donors.

Digital image acquisition, processing, and analysis in a polymer microscopy laboratory

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 454-455
Author(s):  
Vinod K. Berry ◽  
Xiao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Image Acquisition ◽  
Image Transmission ◽  
The United States ◽  
Quantitative Image Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Image

In recent years it became apparent that we needed to improve productivity and efficiency in the Microscopy Laboratories in GE Plastics. It was realized that digital image acquisition, archiving, processing, analysis, and transmission over a network would be the best way to achieve this goal. Also, the capabilities of quantitative image analysis, image transmission etc. available with this approach would help us to increase our efficiency. Although the advantages of digital image acquisition, processing, archiving, etc. have been described and are being practiced in many SEM, laboratories, they have not been generally applied in microscopy laboratories (TEM, Optical, SEM and others) and impact on increased productivity has not been yet exploited as well.In order to attain our objective we have acquired a SEMICAPS imaging workstation for each of the GE Plastic sites in the United States. We have integrated the workstation with the microscopes and their peripherals as shown in Figure 1.

Silence of the Land: On the Historical Irrelevance of Territory to Congressional Districting and Political Representation in the United States

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (01) ◽  
pp. 53-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Rehfeld
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
House Of Representatives ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Representative Government ◽  
Congressional District ◽  
Congressional Districts ◽  
Communities Of Interest

Every ten years, the United States “constructs” itself politically. On a decennial basis, U.S. Congressional districts are quite literally drawn, physically constructing political representation in the House of Representatives on the basis of where one lives. Why does the United States do it this way? What justifies domicile as the sole criteria of constituency construction? These are the questions raised in this article. Contrary to many contemporary understandings of representation at the founding, I argue that there were no principled reasons for using domicile as the method of organizing for political representation. Even in 1787, the Congressional district was expected to be far too large to map onto existing communities of interest. Instead, territory should be understood as forming a habit of mind for the founders, even while it was necessary to achieve other democratic aims of representative government.

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