scholarly journals Phylogenetic relatedness and diversity of non-typable Haemophilus influenzae in the nasopharynx and middle ear fluid of children with acute otitis media

2011 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 1841-1848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravinder Kaur ◽  
Arthur Chang ◽  
Qingfu Xu ◽  
Janet R. Casey ◽  
Michael E. Pichichero
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Phylogenetic Relatedness ◽  
Middle Ear Fluid

The Immune Response to Acute Otitis Media in Children. II. Serum and Middle Ear Fluid Antibody in Otitis Media Due to Haemophilus influenzae

1975 ◽  
Vol 132 (6) ◽  
pp. 685-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Sloyer ◽  
C. C. Cate ◽  
V. M. Howie ◽  
J. H. Ploussard ◽  
R. B. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear Fluid

scholarly journals Activity of Faropenem against Middle Ear Fluid Pathogens from Children with Acute Otitis Media in Costa Rica and Israel

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 2230-2235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberley Clawson Stone ◽  
Ron Dagan ◽  
Adriano Arguedas ◽  
Eugene Leibovitz ◽  
Elaine Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Moraxella Catarrhalis ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
The Other ◽  
Middle Ear Fluid

ABSTRACT Faropenem was tested against 1,188 middle ear fluid pathogens from children in Israel and Costa Rica. Against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae, faropenem was the most active β-lactam, with activity that was similar to or greater than of the other oral antimicrobial classes studied. Faropenem was also active against Moraxella catarrhalis and Streptococcus pyogenes.

Failure of antibiotic therapy in acute otitis media

2003 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Babin ◽  
Vincent Lemarchand ◽  
Sylvain Moreau ◽  
Marc Goullet de Rugy ◽  
André Valdazo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Middle Ear Fluid ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Microbiological Techniques

The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the possible causes of failure of antibiotic therapy in children with acute otitis media (AOM). Thirty-nine samples of middle-ear fluid were obtained by myringotomy from 31 children suffering from AOM, unrelieved by antibiotic therapy administered for over 48 hours. The samples were analysed by the usual microbiological techniques, including cultures, tests for beta-lactamase producing strains and the determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration of penicillin for Streptococcus pneumoniae. In 14 samples, no bacterial strains were detected in the cultures of middle-ear fluid; and in two samples the cultures revealed two strains of bacteria. The bacteria most frequently identified were Haemophilus influenzae, found in 11 samples, and Streptococcus pneumoniae, found in seven samples, of which four produced strains with reduced susceptibility to penicillin. The failure of antibiotic therapy in AOM appears to be related to the increased resistance of Haemophilus influenzae and to the reduced susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae to penicillin. Other factors contributing to the failure of antibiotic therapy in AOM may be the viruses or the bacteria that produce multiple pathogens in the middle ear.

Immune Response to Acute Otitis Media: Association Between Middle Ear Fluid Antibody and the Clearing of Clinical Infection

1976 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-308
Author(s):  
John L. Sloyer ◽  
Virgil M. Howie ◽  
John H. Ploussard ◽  
Gerald Schiffman ◽  
Richard B. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Specific Antibody ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Clinical Infection ◽  
Middle Ear Fluid

Clearing of the middle ear fluid in patients with acute otitis media due to Streptococcus pneumoniae or Haemophilus influenzae was significantly associated with the presence and concentration of specific antibody in the middle ear fluid at the time of diagnosis.

scholarly journals Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae Gene Expression Induced In Vivo in a Chinchilla Model of Otitis Media

2003 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 3454-3462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin M. Mason ◽  
Robert S. Munson ◽  
Lauren O. Bakaletz
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Bacterial Gene ◽  
Nthi Strain

ABSTRACT The gram-negative bacterium nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI) is the predominant pathogen in chronic otitis media with effusion and, with Streptococcus pneumoniae and Moraxella catarrhalis, is a causative agent of acute otitis media. To identify potential virulence determinants, bacterial gene expression was monitored by differential fluorescence induction during early disease progression in one specific anatomical niche of a chinchilla model of NTHI-induced otitis media. Genomic DNA fragments from NTHI strain 86-028NP were cloned upstream of the promoterless gfpmut3 gene. NTHI strain 86-028NP served as the host for the promoter trap library. Pools of 2,000 transformants were inoculated into the left and right middle ear cavities of chinchillas. Middle ear effusions were recovered by epitympanic tap at 24 and 48 h, and clones containing promoter elements that were induced in vivo and producing green fluorescent protein were isolated by two-color fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Insert DNA was sequenced and compared to the complete genome sequence of H. influenzae strain Rd. In a screen of 16,000 clones, we have isolated 44 clones that contain unique gene fragments encoding biosynthetic enzymes, metabolic and regulatory proteins, and hypothetical proteins of unknown function. An additional eight clones contain gene fragments unique to our NTHI isolate. Using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR, we have confirmed that 26 clones demonstrated increased gene expression in vivo relative to expression in vitro. These data provide insight into the response of NTHI bacteria as they sense and respond to the middle ear microenvironment during early events of otitis media.

Presence of Interferon in Middle-Ear Fluid During Acute Otitis Media

1984 ◽  
Vol 149 (3) ◽  
pp. 480-480
Author(s):  
R. Salonen ◽  
H. Sarkkinen ◽  
O. Ruuskanen
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear Fluid

scholarly journals First report of a Staphylococcus caprae isolated from middle ear fluid of an infant with recurrent acute otitis media

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Mazur ◽  
Piotr Żychowski ◽  
Marek Juda ◽  
Izabela Korona-Głowniak ◽  
Grażyna Niedzielska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
First Report ◽  
Middle Ear Fluid ◽  
Recurrent Acute Otitis Media

Acute Suppurative Otitis Media

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-294
Author(s):  
D. Stewart Rowe
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Cells ◽  
Secretory Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear Mucosa ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear Fluid ◽  
Purulent Fluid

Most pediatricians recognize and treat acute otitis media several times each day. Yet there is wide disagreement about certain aspects of its diagnosis and treatment, despite a large and growing literature on the subject. This review attempts to summarize what is known about acute otitis media in children. DEFINITION Acute suppurative otitis media is distinguished from secretory (serous) otitis media by the presence of purulent fluid in the middle ear. Pathogenic bacteria may be cultured from the majority of needle aspirates of this purulent fluid. In secretory otitis media, relatively few polymorphonuclear cells are present in the middle ear fluid, which is either thin and straw-colored (serous) or thick and translucent grey (mucoid). The fluid has the chemical characteristics either of a transudate of plasma or of a mucoid secretion, presumably produced by goblet cells and mucous glands which are greatly increased in the middle ear mucosa of patients with secretory otitis media. Cultures of this middle ear fluid are usually negative for pathogenic bacteria and viruses. Suppurative otitis media can be diagnosed positively only by aspiration of purulent fluid from the middle ear, but this procedure is rarely necessary for initial diagnosis and management. Clinical findings helpful in distinguishing suppurative from secretory otitis media are discussed below. INCIDENCE In a study of 847 British children during the first five years of life, 19% had at least one episode of otitis media; one third of these had more than one episode. This was considered to be a minimal estimate in these children, since otorrhea was the chief criterion for diagnosis.

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