scholarly journals Some Insights into Analytical Bias Involved in the Application of Grab Sampling for Volatile Organic Compounds: A Case Study against Used Tedlar Bags

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 2160-2177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samik Ghosh ◽  
Ki-Hyun Kim ◽  
Jong Ryeul Sohn
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Grab Sampling ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Mechanical Abrasion ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Strong Source

In this study, we have examined the patterns of VOCs released from used Tedlar bags that were once used for the collection under strong source activities. In this way, we attempted to account for the possible bias associated with the repetitive use of Tedlar bags. To this end, we selected the bags that were never heated. All of these target bags were used in ambient temperature (typically at or below 30°C). These bags were also dealt carefully to avoid any mechanical abrasion. This study will provide the essential information regarding the interaction between VOCs and Tedlar bag materials as a potential source of bias in bag sampling approaches.

Barbecue charcoal combustion as a potential source of aromatic volatile organic compounds and carbonyls

2010 ◽  
Vol 174 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 492-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsanul Kabir ◽  
Ki-Hyun Kim ◽  
Ji-Won Ahn ◽  
One-Feel Hong ◽  
Jong Ryeul Sohn
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Volatile Organic

scholarly journals An Integrated Method for Factor Number Selection of PMF Model: Case Study on Source Apportionment of Ambient Volatile Organic Compounds in Wuhan

Atmosphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fenjuan Wang ◽  
Zhenyi Zhang ◽  
Costanza Acciai ◽  
Zhangxiong Zhong ◽  
Zhaokai Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Source Apportionment ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Integrated Method ◽  
Pmf Model ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Measurement Period

The positive matrix factorization (PMF) model is widely used for source apportionment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The question about how to select the proper number of factors, however, is rarely studied. In this study, an integrated method to determine the most appropriate number of sources was developed and its application was demonstrated by case study in Wuhan. The concentrations of 103 ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured intensively using online gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) during spring 2014 in an urban residential area of Wuhan, China. During the measurement period, the average temperature was approximately 25 °C with very little domestic heating and cooling. The concentrations of the most abundant VOCs (ethane, ethylene, propane, acetylene, n-butane, benzene, and toluene) in Wuhan were comparable to other studies in urban areas in China and other countries. The newly developed integrated method to determine the most appropriate number of sources is in combination of a fixed minimum threshold value for the correlation coefficient, the average weighted correlation coefficient of each species, and the normalized minimum error. Seven sources were identified by using the integrated method, and they were vehicular emissions (45.4%), industrial emissions (22.5%), combustion of coal (14.7%), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) (9.7%), industrial solvents (4.4%), and pesticides (3.3%) and refrigerants. The orientations of emission sources have been characterized taking into account the frequency of wind directions and contributions of sources in each wind direction for the measurement period. It has been concluded that the vehicle exhaust contribution is greater than 40% distributed in all directions, whereas industrial emissions are mainly attributed to the west southwest and south southwest.

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