scholarly journals Correlation of Serum Androgens and Pituitary Hormone Levels with Serum PSA Less Than 2.5 NG/ML

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1128-1133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Sofikerim ◽  
Özgür Oruç ◽  
Sadettin Eskicorapci ◽  
Fuad Guliyev ◽  
Haluk Özen
Keyword(s):  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Pituitary Hormones ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Pituitary Hormone ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Serum Androgens

The aim of this clinical study was to determine whether there is a relationship between total serum testosterone, free testosterone, FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone), LH (Luteinizing Hormone) and serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels. We postulated that such a correlation existed then the use of hormone specific reference ranges might enhance the usefullness of PSA concentrations <2.5 ng/mL as a marker for prostate cancer.Prior to digital rectal examination, serum was obtained from all patients between 8.30-10:00 AM for hormone and PSA concentrations. The study was performed on 210 male patients >40 years of age visiting our urology outpatient clinics. PSA was correlated to age (r = 0.23, p = 0.019), but there none between serum testosterone and age. No significant correlation was noted between testosterone or free testosterone and serum PSA levels, and none between serum FSH or LH and PSA. In age specific reference groups (41-49; 50-59; 60-69 years), we found no significant correlation between PSA and hormone concentrations.In this population of eugonadal men with serum PSA values less than 2.5 ng/ml, serum androgens and pituitary hormones do not appear to correlate with serum PSA.

AGE-SPECIFIC REFERENCE RANGES FOR PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN-BASED DETECTION OF PROSTATE CANCER IN BLACK MEN

1996 ◽  
Vol 89 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S131
Author(s):  
Ted O. Morgan ◽  
Steven J. Jacobsen ◽  
William F. McCarthy ◽  
David G. McLeod ◽  
Judd W. Moul
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Prostate Specific Antigen ◽  
Black Men ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Reference Ranges

Ramifications of variability in sex hormone-binding globulin measurement by different immunoassays on the calculation of free testosterone

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-94
Author(s):  
Joanne Adaway ◽  
Brian Keevil ◽  
Annmarie Miller ◽  
Phillip J Monaghan ◽  
Nicola Merrett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Hormone Binding ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Result Interpretation ◽  
Abbott Architect

Objective Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) is a glycoprotein which binds hormones such as testosterone. Around 97% of circulating testosterone is bound to SHBG or albumin and is therefore biologically unavailable; 2–3% of testosterone is free. Free testosterone is very technically challenging to quantify; in order to circumvent this problem, equations using testosterone and SHBG are used to estimate free testosterone. We decided to determine the effect of using different SHBG immunoassays on calculated free testosterone results. Design Anonymized surplus serum samples were analysed for SHBG on four different immunoassay platforms (Abbott Architect, Roche, Beckman and Siemens). The SHBG results were used to generate a Vermeulen calculated free testosterone. Results Beckman Access and Siemens Centaur both gave results close to the overall mean. Roche gave the highest SHBG concentrations with Abbott Architect producing the lowest results. Abbott Architect gave the highest calculated free testosterone results, followed by Beckman. Roche gave the lowest results. Sixty-five per cent of male samples had low calculated free testosterone and 27.5% of the females had high calculated free testosterone using the SHBG from the Abbott assay compared with 69% low male calculated free testosterone and 20% high female calculated free testosterone with the Roche assay. Conclusion Our results have shown significant differences in SHBG results produced by different analysers and subsequently the calculated free testosterone, which may affect result interpretation if method-specific reference ranges for calculated free testosterone are not used. Care should be taken to ensure reference ranges are appropriate for the analyser used to avoid misdiagnosis of hypo or hyperandrogenism, and ensure patients get the most appropriate treatment.

scholarly journals Age-Specific Reference Ranges of Prostate-Specific Antigen among Saudi Men as a Representation of the Arab Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danny Munther Rabah ◽  
Karim Hamda Farhat ◽  
Mohamed Abdullah Al-Atawi ◽  
Mostafa Ahmed Arafa
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Specific Antigen ◽  
Sharp Increase ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Arab Population ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Younger Men ◽  
Sugar Levels

Objective: To describe the reference ranges of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in Saudi men. Materials/Subjects and Methods: Saudi males, aged 30 and above, were invited to participate in the study. Blood samples were taken from each subject to determine serum levels of PSA. Blood sugar levels, lipid profile, and anthropometric measurements were also obtained. Results: Our cohort consisted of 7,814 men; their mean PSA level was 1.24 ng/mL. The majority (90.5%) had PSA values between 0 and 2.5 ng/mL. The median PSA and the 95th percentile increased steadily with age. There was a sharp increase in the 95th percentile, from 3.8 ng/mL in men between 60 and 70 years old to 6.9 ng/mL in men over 71 years old. The 95th percentiles of PSA serum levels were lower in Saudi men than in the general population. Conclusions: PSA serum levels in Saudi men are lower than in other communities. Creating age-specific reference ranges could improve the sensitivity of the PSA tests by allowing the detection of treatable tumors in younger men if the threshold of 4.0 ng/mL is lowered. Furthermore, unnecessary biopsies among older men may be avoided if the threshold is increased.

Evaluation of the prostate-specific antigen/solvent interaction analysis (PSA/SIA) assay for prostate cancer (CaP) diagnosis

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 5053-5053
Author(s):  
S. Vourganti ◽  
M. Stovsky ◽  
L. Ponsky ◽  
M. Siroky ◽  
V. Kipnis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Sampling Error ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Cleveland Clinic ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Local Therapy ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Relative Distribution ◽  
Solvent Interaction

5053 Background: We describe the clinical performance of a novel protein structural assay for prostate cancer (CaP) diagnosis. The assay uses Solvent Interaction Analysis (SIA) to accurately detect changes in PSA isoform composition that differentiate benign and malignant disease, independent of total serum PSA (tPSA). Methods: From January 2007 to September 2008, men already undergoing biopsy for accepted clinical criteria at 3 sites [University Hospitals Case Medical Center (Cleveland); Cleveland Clinic (Cleveland); and Veterans Administration Hospital (Boston)] were enrolled in an IRB approved study. Prior to standard transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) guided biopsy, patients received a digital rectal examination with systematic prostate massage followed by collection of voided urine for use in PSA/SIA. The assay determined the relative distribution of the entire heterogeneous PSA isoform population between two coexisting aqueous phases for diagnostic purposes. Results: 222 men were enrolled in the trial. Biopsy results were classified as case (malignant, n = 100) or control (benign, n = 122). Receiver operating characteristic performance results demonstrated AUC of = 0.88 for PSA/SIA and 0.58 for tPSA. At a cut-off value of the composite structural index K = 1.73, PSA/SIA displayed sensitivity = 100%, specificity = 80%, PPV = 83%, and NPV = 100%. For the same patients at tPSA cut-off level of 4 ng/ml, the sensitivity = 82%, specificity = 27%, PPV = 54%, and NPV = 87%. Conclusions: PSA/SIA uniquely exploits the inherent structural heterogeneity in PSA resulting in superior diagnostic performance over conventional biopsy selection criteria. We hypothesize that the high specificity of PSA/SIA is actually underestimated by standard prostate biopsy sampling error. Future trials will assess the utility of the assay in the surveillance of CaP patients after definitive local therapy and other applications in the diagnosis and management of CaP. [Table: see text]

Salivary Androgens in Hirsutism: Are They of Use in Routine Evaluation?

1986 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 590-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Wang ◽  
K Wakelin ◽  
J White ◽  
P J Wood
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Chromatographic Separation ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Serum Free ◽  
Salivary Testosterone ◽  
Biochemical Evaluation ◽  
Unselected Group

In the biochemical evaluation of hirsutism, 50% or less of patients have an elevated total serum testosterone. Recent work has suggested that measuring salivary testosterone or a derived serum ‘free testosterone index’ may be of use in the evaluation of hyperandrogenism. We have measured serum total, derived serum free indices and salivary concentrations of testosterone and 5α-dihydro-testosterone in an unselected group of hirsute patients in order to assess their value in the routine evaluation of hirsutism. The assays were performed using a novel oxidation procedure to overcome the need for chromatographic separation. The ‘free testosterone index’ gave the best discrimination. Salivary androgen concentrations were comparatively poor and cannot be recommended for routine use.

Hypophysectomy prevents the castration-induced increase in porphyrin concentrations in the Harderian glands of the male golden hamster: a possible role for prolactin

1992 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Buzzell ◽  
R. A. Hoffman ◽  
M. K. Vaughan ◽  
R. J. Reiter
Keyword(s):  
Golden Hamster ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Pituitary Hormones ◽  
Pituitary Hormone ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Harderian Glands ◽  
Male Golden Hamster ◽  
Resultant Increase ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Normal Increase

ABSTRACT The Harderian glands of golden hamsters contain high concentrations of porphyrin pigments, with female hamsters having considerably higher porphyrin concentrations than males. Castration of male hamsters leads to a rapid increase in porphyrin concentrations; testosterone treatment of females has the opposite effect, suggesting a central role for androgens in inhibiting the realization of high porphyrin concentrations by this organ. Previous studies in our laboratories have shown, however, that administration of a dopamine agonist to castrated hamsters prevents the normal increase in Harderian porphyrins from occurring. This suggests that prolactin is necessary for low androgen levels to lead to maximal increases in Harderian porphyrin concentrations. The present study tested the hypothesis that prolactin is involved in the control of Harderian porphyrin levels in the golden hamster. Although hypophysectomy of male hamsters reduced serum testosterone to levels in castrated hamsters, the resultant increase in Harderian porphyrin concentrations was much less than that seen after a similar period of castration. Furthermore, combining the two procedures (castration and hypophysectomy) also led to a blunted increase in Harderian porphyrin, suggesting that a pituitary hormone is necessary for low testosterone levels to lead to increased porphyrins. Evidence that this pituitary hormone is prolactin comes from the observations that eliminating all pituitary hormones except prolactin, by severing the connection of the pituitary with the hypothalamus or transplanting the pituitary to a distant site (beneath the kidney capsule) led to greatly augmented Harderian porphyrin levels, in intact or castrated male hamsters. Hyperprolactinaemia in female hamsters did not counter the effects of testosterone in reducing Harderian porphyrin concentrations, suggesting that, although prolactin is needed for porphyrin production in a low androgen milieu, it does not stimulate porphyrin maintenance when testosterone levels are increased. Journal of Endocrinology (1992) 133, 29–35

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