Salivary Androgens in Hirsutism: Are They of Use in Routine Evaluation?

1986 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 590-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Wang ◽  
K Wakelin ◽  
J White ◽  
P J Wood
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Chromatographic Separation ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Serum Free ◽  
Salivary Testosterone ◽  
Biochemical Evaluation ◽  
Unselected Group

In the biochemical evaluation of hirsutism, 50% or less of patients have an elevated total serum testosterone. Recent work has suggested that measuring salivary testosterone or a derived serum ‘free testosterone index’ may be of use in the evaluation of hyperandrogenism. We have measured serum total, derived serum free indices and salivary concentrations of testosterone and 5α-dihydro-testosterone in an unselected group of hirsute patients in order to assess their value in the routine evaluation of hirsutism. The assays were performed using a novel oxidation procedure to overcome the need for chromatographic separation. The ‘free testosterone index’ gave the best discrimination. Salivary androgen concentrations were comparatively poor and cannot be recommended for routine use.

Salivary Free Testosterone in Hirsutism

1989 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 522-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joško Osredkar ◽  
Ivan Vrhovec ◽  
Niko Jesenovec ◽  
Andreja Kocijančič ◽  
Janez Preželj
Keyword(s):  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Human Saliva ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulphate ◽  
Hormone Binding ◽  
Salivary Testosterone ◽  
Diagnostic Use

A sensitive, specific and accurate direct radioimmunoassay of testosterone in human saliva is described. A single salivary testosterone result is shown to be of greater diagnostic use in hirsutism than any of the currently used serum androgen assays. Thus, of 50 hirsute patients, salivary testosterone (Sa-T) was elevated in 34 patients, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) was decreased in 30 women, serum testosterone (S-T) elevated in 13, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEA-S) was elevated in 14, and androstenedione in three of the investigated group.

scholarly journals Male sex hormone as a correlate of endothelial function in middle-aged Indian males: a cross-sectional prospective observational study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandra Mohan ◽  
Kunal Gururani ◽  
Anurag Rawat ◽  
Mansi Kala
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Serum Free ◽  
Bioavailable Testosterone ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilatation ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Indian Male

Background: Data on relationship between serum testosterone and endothelial dysfunction measured by brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (BAFMD) in Indian subset are scarce. The present study was envisaged to assess the correlation between serum testosterone and endothelial dysfunction measured by BAFMD.Methods: From October 2013 till September 2014, 92 Indian male patients aged 40-60 years who underwent investigation of flow-mediated dilatation of the brachial artery using ultra sonography were included. The association between serum testosterone and BAFMD percent-measured endothelial dysfunction was examined.Results: Multivariate regression analysis in 92 Indian male patients (mean age 53.12±6.3 years) revealed that low levels of total serum, serum free and serum bioavailable testosterone were significantly associated with BAFMD% and were independent of age, hypertension, diabetes, body mass index (BMI), current smoking and hyperlipidaemia (p<0.001). The total serum, serum free and serum bioavailable testosterone were positively correlated with BAFMD% with Pearson correlation coefficients of r=0.572, r=0.525 and r=0.547, respectively (p<0.001).Conclusions: Low levels of total serum, serum free and serum bioavailable testosterone were significantly associated with BAFMD%-measured endothelial dysfunction, irrespective of cardiovascular risk factors.

Effect of GTx-758, an ERα agonist, on serum-free testosterone and serum PSA in men with advanced prostate cancer.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 104-104
Author(s):  
Evan Y. Yu ◽  
Marc Gittelman ◽  
Thomas E. Keane ◽  
Ronald Tutrone ◽  
Laurence Belkoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Advanced Prostate Cancer ◽  
Estrogen Receptor Alpha ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Phase Ii Studies ◽  
Days Of Therapy

104 Background: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) improves disease-free survival in men with advanced prostate cancer, but patients develop castrate resistant prostate cancer (CRPC); one of the causes of which is ineffective castration. Total serum testosterone (T) does not accurately predict prostatic levels of T. Further reduction of androgens in men with CRPC can result in improvement of survival. Herein we compare the effects GTx-758 an oral, selective estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) agonist versus leuprolide on total and free (unbound) serum T levels in men with advanced prostate cancer. Methods: In Phase II studies, men with advanced prostate cancer (n=164) received 1000 mg or 2000 mg GTx-758 daily or Lupron Depot (4 month), while men with CRPC (n=9) received 2000 mg GTx-758 daily. Serum concentrations of total T, free T, SHBG and PSA were determined at baseline and during treatment. Results: In ADT naïve advanced prostate cancer patients, 28 days of 1000 mg or 2000 mg daily GTx-758 or Lupron therapy castrated (T<50ng/dL) 50, 31 and 100% of patients, reducing mean serum total T in castrated patients to 23±14, 19±9 and 14±7 ng/dL, respectively. However, treatment with 1000 mg or 2000 mg GTx-758 daily reduced mean free T levels to a greater extent (0.9±0.7 and 0.7±0.7 pg/mL, respectively) than Lupron (1.7±1.1 pg/mL). Changes in PSA at 28 days were more closely associated with the observed changes in free T, with reductions of 74, 72 and 56% for 1000 mg, 2000 mg doses of GTx-758 and Lupron, respectively. In CRPC patients, 2000 mg GTx-758 daily did not further reduce serum total T levels, but did result in free T reductions and PSA decreases from baseline following 15 days of therapy in all of the men maintained on ADT with LHRH agonists alone. Conclusions: Although GTx-758 and LHRH based ADT both reduce total serum T and PSA levels in ADT naïve advanced prostate cancer patients, free T was rapidly reduced to a greater degree in the GTx-758 treated patients. In men with CRPC, GTx-758 therapy resulted in significant reductions in free T and resultant PSA declines. The ability of GTx-758 to reduce free T provides a unique mechanism to treat men with advanced prostate cancer and CRPC. Clinical trial information: NCT01326312.

scholarly journals Correlation of Serum Androgens and Pituitary Hormone Levels with Serum PSA Less Than 2.5 NG/ML

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1128-1133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Sofikerim ◽  
Özgür Oruç ◽  
Sadettin Eskicorapci ◽  
Fuad Guliyev ◽  
Haluk Özen
Keyword(s):  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Pituitary Hormones ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Pituitary Hormone ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Serum Androgens

The aim of this clinical study was to determine whether there is a relationship between total serum testosterone, free testosterone, FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone), LH (Luteinizing Hormone) and serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels. We postulated that such a correlation existed then the use of hormone specific reference ranges might enhance the usefullness of PSA concentrations <2.5 ng/mL as a marker for prostate cancer.Prior to digital rectal examination, serum was obtained from all patients between 8.30-10:00 AM for hormone and PSA concentrations. The study was performed on 210 male patients >40 years of age visiting our urology outpatient clinics. PSA was correlated to age (r = 0.23, p = 0.019), but there none between serum testosterone and age. No significant correlation was noted between testosterone or free testosterone and serum PSA levels, and none between serum FSH or LH and PSA. In age specific reference groups (41-49; 50-59; 60-69 years), we found no significant correlation between PSA and hormone concentrations.In this population of eugonadal men with serum PSA values less than 2.5 ng/ml, serum androgens and pituitary hormones do not appear to correlate with serum PSA.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Influence of Diagnostic Criteria in the Assessment of Hypogonadism in Intrathecal Opioid Therapy Patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 1;16 (1;1) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui V. Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Alternative Assessment ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Opioid Therapy ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Bioavailable Testosterone

Background: Hypogonadism is frequently diagnosed based on total testosterone (TT) levels alone. However, 99% of testosterone is bound to the sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) with only 1% free testosterone. Alternative assessment methods consist of assay of free testosterone (FT) or bioavailable testosterone (BT) by equilibrium dialysis, calculation of FT and BT through the Vermeulen equations, and calculation of the free androgen index (FAI). Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of hypogonadism in male chronic non-cancer pain patients undertaking long-term intrathecal opioid therapy and the existence of diagnostic discrepancies according to the criteria used. Study design: Prospective observational study. Setting: Department of Pain Management, Russells Hall Hospital, Dudley, United Kingdom. Methods: Twenty consecutive male patients undertaking long-term intrathecal opioid therapy had the gonadal axis evaluated by assays of luteinising hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), TT, SHBG and by calculating the FT, BT and FAI. Results: Hypogonadism was present in 17 (85%) of the patients based on TT; 17 (85%) according to FT and BT calculations; and 14 (70%) when calculating FAI. Based on either TT or FT being low or borderline/low, 19 (95%) of the investigated patients were biochemically hypogonadal. Significant differences were observed between diagnosis based on FT and FAI (P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed between diagnosis based on TT and FT (P = 0.40) or TT and FAI (P = 0.20). Conclusion: Hypogonadism is common in patients undertaking intrathecal opioid therapy for the management of chronic non-malignant pain; however, diagnostic criteria can influence the diagnosis of this side effect. The assessment of the hypothalamic-pituitarygonadal axis should include evaluation of total serum testosterone, free testosterone, or bioavailable testosterone. Key words: Diagnostic criteria, free testosterone, hypogonadism, implantable drug delivery systems, total serum testosterone

Direct Radioimmunoassay (RIA) of salivary testosterone: correlation with free and total serum testosterone

Life Sciences ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 711-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jozef Vittek ◽  
Danine G. L'Hommedieu ◽  
Gary G. Gordon ◽  
Sydney C. Rappaport ◽  
A. Louis Southren
Keyword(s):  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Salivary Testosterone

Effects of Androstenedione-Herbal Supplementation on Serum Sex Hormone Concentrations in 30- to 59-Year-old Men

2001 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 293-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory A. Brown ◽  
Matthew D. Vukovich ◽  
Emily R. Martini ◽  
Marian L. Kohut ◽  
Warren D. Franke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Nutritional Supplement ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Tribulus Terrestris ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Serum Free ◽  
Supplementation Period ◽  
Old Men

The effectiveness of a nutritional supplement designed to enhance serum testosterone concentrations and prevent the formation of dihydrotestosterone and estrogens from the ingested androgens was investigated in healthy 30- to 59-year old men. Subjects were randomly assigned to consume DION (300 mg androstenedione, 150 mg dehydroepiandrosterone, 540 mg saw palmetto, 300 mg indole-3-carbinol, 625 mg chrysin, and 750 mg Tribulus terrestris per day; n = 28) or placebo (n = 27) for 28 days. Serum free testosterone, total testosterone, androstenedione, dihydrotestosterone, estradiol, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and lipid concentrations were measured before and throughout the 4-week supplementation period. Serum concentrations of total testosterone and PSA were unchanged by supplementation. DION increased (p < 0.05) serum androstenedione (342%), free testosterone (38%), dihydrotestosterone (71%), and estradiol (103%) concentrations. Serum HDL-C concentrations were reduced by 5.0 mg/dL in DION (p < 0.05). Increases in serum free testosterone (r2 = 0.01), androstenedione (r2 = 0.01), dihydrotestosterone (r2 = 0.03), or estradiol (r2 = 0.07) concentrations in DION were not related to age. While the ingestion of androstenedione combined with herbal products increased serum free testosterone concentrations in older men, these herbal products did not prevent the conversion of ingested androstenedione to estradiol and dihydrotestosterone.

scholarly journals Analog-Based Free Testosterone Test Results Linked to Total Testosterone Concentrations, Not Free Testosterone Concentrations

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 512-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristofer S Fritz ◽  
Alastair J S McKean ◽  
Jerald C Nelson ◽  
R Bruce Wilcox
Keyword(s):  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Equilibrium Dialysis ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Serum Free

Abstract Background: Analog-based free testosterone test results, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) concentrations, and total testosterone concentrations are somehow related. This study used new experiments to clarify these relationships. Methods: An analog-based free testosterone immunoassay and a total testosterone immunoassay were applied to well-defined fractions of serum testosterone. First, they were applied to the 2 fractions (retentate and dialysate) of normal male serum obtained by equilibrium dialysis. Second, they were applied to covaried concentrations of SHBG and total testosterone. Third, they were applied to decreasing concentrations of SHBG and protein-bound testosterone, offset by increasing concentrations of protein-free testosterone, while total testosterone was held constant. Results: The analog-based free testosterone assay and the total testosterone assay detected and reported serum testosterone test results from serum retentate, whereas neither assay detected the free testosterone in serum dialysate. Test results reported by the analog-based free testosterone assay followed varied concentrations of SHBG and total testosterone. When total testosterone was held constant, however, analog-based free testosterone test results did not follow varied concentrations of serum proteins or of free testosterone. Conclusion: An analog-based free testosterone immunoassay reported free testosterone test results that were related to total testosterone concentrations under varied experimental conditions. This alleged free testosterone assay did not detect serum free testosterone (the test results it reported were nonspecific) and should not be used for this purpose.

A simple method for estimating equilibrium constants for serum testosterone binding resulting in an optimal free testosterone index for use in elderly men

2005 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Alec Ross ◽  
Eric J. Meuleman ◽  
Fred C. G. J. Sweep
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Constants ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Serum Free ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Affinity Constants

AbstractAn algorithm was developed to evaluate equilibrium constants for testosterone (Te) and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) or albumin from serum free testosterone (FTe) measurements performed in a panel of 30 healthy elderly men by means of a near-reference method, i.e., symmetric dialysis (affinity constants: SHBG-Te, 1.13×10

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