A Gliclazide Complex based on Palladium towards Alzheimer’s Disease: Promising Protective Activity against Aβ-induced Toxicity in C. Elegans

A new palladium coordination compound based on gliclazide with the chemical formula [Pd(glz)2] (where glz = gliclazide) has been synthesized and characterised. The structural characterization reveals that this material consists...

Protective activity of Ruta chalepensis methanolic extract against nephrotoxicity and testicular damage induced by Carbon tetrachloride on albino male mice

Herbal medicinal products can contain whole or partially prepared plant components from plant leaves, bark, stems, flowers and seeds.They are administered orally, inhaled or directly applied in the skin. Ruta chalepensis is a wild herb of the Mediterranean region used by many countries in herbal medicine. The existence of bioactive molecules responsible for their pharmacological properties has been shown by phytochemical screening. Results of kidney protective activity of plant. Showed that: for total cholesterol, the effect was dose dependant (50 and 100 mg\kg) in which the plant decreased it in compared to positive and negative groups (162.1±1.83 and 154.6±1.11 mg\dl) compared to (202.1±1.13 and 167.5±2.96 mg\dl) respectively. For total protein, creatinin and albumin the plant also had the ability to keep it near control groups compared to CCL4group.While the results of interaction groups indicated the ability of plant to provide protection against CCL4 damage. the plant possessed the ability to keep testosterone, progesterone and estrogen hormones level near normal in compared to CCL4 treated group (2.96±0.03, 1.93±0.01 and 3.63±0.04 ng\dl); (11.51±4.12, 9.85±2.18 and 11.78±3.42 ng\ml); (29.07±7.21, 30.11±9.11 and 30.67±8.98 ng\ml) for 50,100 mg\kg and negative control respectively. While for interaction group the results showed the ability of plant to counteract the damaged caused by CCL4 (1.67±0.01, 2.54±0.02); (10.42±2.21, 13.65±4.37); (39.74±10.13, 35.45±9.91) for testosterone, progesterone and estrogen hormones in Ruta chalepensis +CCL4 at dose (50 +0.02%) and (100+0.02%) respectively. All results of histo-architecture for kidney and testis showed the ability of plant to counteract any necrosis and abnormality caused by CCL4.

Protective activity of mixtures of pneumococcal antigens in infection caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 3

Introduction. Pneumococcal diseases remain relevant for the whole world. On the one hand, this is due to the high prevalence of pneumococcus and the other hand, the growth of antibiotic-resistant strains and the constant change of clinically significant serotypes of the pathogen.The aim of the research was to study of the protective activity of a mixture of pneumococcal antigens.Material and methods. we used preparations of a capsular polysaccharide (CPS) obtained from Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 3; protein-containing fraction (PCF) obtained from an aqueous extract of cells of S. pneumoniae serotype 6B; recombinant pneumolysin (rPly). Mice were immunized intraperitoneally twice with an interval of 14 days with mixtures of bacterial antigens: CPS + PCF; CPS + rPly; PCF + rPly. To assess the protective activity of the studied drugs after double immunization animals were infected intraperitoneally with S. pneumoniae serotype 3. To study the effect of mixtures of bacterial preparations on the infectious process in the lungs immunized mice were infected with S. pneumoniae serotype 3. The humoral immune response was studied with IgG using the method of ELISA.Results. The CPS + rPly mixture protected mice from intraperitoneal infection with S. pneumoniae serotype 3 regardless of the infecting dose. Immunization with CPS + PCF or CPS + rPly mixtures influenced a significant decrease the number of seeded bacterial cells from lungs during the entire observation period (72 h) compared to the control. Administration of mixtures of bacterial antigens of CPS + PCF, CPS + rPly or PCF + rPly to animals led to a significant increase of the level of antibodies to all antigens, however, the highest levels of IgG were determined to PCF and rPly.Conclusion. The results obtained suggest that different antigenic drugs in mixtures affect different mechanisms of immunity activation.

Flavonoids of the Heartwood of Cotinus coggygria Scop. Showing Protective Effect on Human Lymphocyte DNA

In continuation of our study on Cotinus coggygria from Serbia, 10 known flavonoids (1-10) were isolated from the methylene chloride/methanol extract of the heartwood. They were tested for in vitro protective effect against chromosome aberrations in peripheral human lymphocytes, using the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay. All tested compounds (in minimal doses of 1 μg/mL) exerted a beneficial effect by decreasing DNA damage of human lymphocytes in the range of 24.2% to 54.5%, better than the radio protectant control, amifostine. Functional groups, such as 3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl (catechol), 5-OH, 3-OH, and 4-keto in flavonoids (3-keto in aurones), which play a key role in antioxidant activity, are proposed to be responsible for the DNA protective activity of the tested compounds.

Some bioactive component analysis of herbal capsules

Since the beginning of the evaluation of plants in terms of human health, the bioactivity properties of plants have been studied in the laboratory and thus standards have been brought to the treatment methods with plants. For this purpose, some bioactive component analyzes of 18 herbal capsules and 2 liquid herbal syrups produced by Naturin Company were performed in our current study. In this context, the total oxidant and antioxidant status of these plant mixtures were evaluated. The free radical capacities of the samples were determined by 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) method and their DNA protective activities were determined using pBR322 plasmid DNA. Total antioxidant level (TAL) and Total oxidant level (TOL) activities were performed using Rel Assay diagnostic kit. All 3 of the stinging nettle samples showed DNA protective activity. The clean sample containing milk thistle extract also showed DNA Protective activity. In both the syrup samples (My guard and DTX-19) results were detected in the direction of positive protection on DNA. When the DPPH radical scavenging capacity was examined, it was determined that the best results were in juniper, nettle and thistle thistle samples, and the samples with syrup had a very good radical scavenging effect, and all of the samples showed antioxidant activity. This study is a preliminary and supportive study in order to elucidate the properties that can be used as drug active ingredients in traditional medicine, especially in the field of pharmacology.

First Report of Protective Activity of Paronychia argentea Extract against Tobacco Mosaic Virus Infection

The widespread use of chemical control agents and pesticides for plant-pathogen control has caused many human health and environmental issues. Plant extracts and biocontrol agents have robust antimicrobial activity against different plant pathogens. However, their antiviral activities are still being investigated. In the present study, the methanol extract of Paronychia argentea was characterized and evaluated for its protective activity against the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) infection in tomato plants under greenhouse conditions at 21 days post-inoculation. The results showed that the foliar application of P. argentea extract (10 µg/mL) enhanced tomato plant growth, resulting in significant increases in shoot and root parameters and total chlorophyll contents. Moreover, a significant reduction in TMV accumulation level in P. argentea-treated plants of 77.88% compared to non-treated plants was reported. Furthermore, induction of systemic resistance with significant elevation in production of antioxidant enzymes (PPO, CAT, and SOD) and transcriptional levels of the pathogenesis-related proteins (PR-1 and PR-7) and polyphenolic genes (CHS and HQT) were also observed. Out of 16 detected compounds, HPLC analysis revealed that the most abundant polyphenolic compounds found in P. argentea extract were gallic acid (5.36 µg/mL), kaempferol (7.39 µg/mL), quercetin (7.44 µg/mL), ellagic acid (7.89 µg/mL), myricetin (8.36 µg/mL), and ferulic acid (8.69 µg/mL). The findings suggest that the use of P. argentea extract as an effective and safe source for the production of bioactive compounds may offer a solution for a promising approach for the management of plant viral infections. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the protective activity of P. argentea extract against plant viral diseases.

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY TO EVALUATE THE HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF NILITANDULIYADI LEHA IN PARACETAMOL INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS

Background: Paracetamol toxicity is currently the single most important cause for acute liver failure and is associated with significant number of deaths. Nilitanduliyadi leha is one among the formulation explained in the context of Vishahara yogas (anti-poisonous formulations) in the text Vishavaidya Jyotsnika. Objectives: To experimentally evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of nilitanduliyadi leha in paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar albino rats. Methods: Albino Wistar rats of either sex weighing 200 – 250, g were selected and divided into four groups of six animals in each group (n = 6). Treatment was given for 7 days. Blood was drawn and sent for tests and important organs like liver and kidney were dissected out, cleaned to remove extraneous tissues, blotted to remove blood stain and weighed. A piece of liver tissue was preserved in 10% formalin for histopathological processing. Results: The formulation has helped in balancing the biochemical parameters studied almost as efficiently as the standard drug. In the antioxidant study also, the drug has given good results and shows even slightly more effective than the standard drug. The histopathology study also reveals mild protection and regeneration of tissues by the effect of test drug. Conclusion: This present study proves that the formulation is having a comparable hepato protective activity with that of silymarin.