scholarly journals Chroococcidiorella tianjinensis, gen. et sp. nov. (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta), a green alga arises from the cyanobacterium TDX16

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing-lin Dong ◽  
Xiang-ying Xing
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Haematococcus Pluvialis ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Organelle Biogenesis ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Taxonomic Description ◽  
Green Algal ◽  
Algal Host

AbstractAll algae documented so far are of unknown origin. Here, we provide a taxonomic description of the first origin-known alga TDX16-DE that arises from the Chroococcidiopsis-like endosymbiotic cyanobacterium TDX16 by de novo organelle biogenesis after acquiring its green algal host Haematococcus pluvialis’s DNA. TDX16-DE is spherical or oval, with a diameter of 2.0-3.6 µm, containing typical chlorophyte pigments of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and lutein and reproducing by autosporulation, whose 18S rRNA gene sequence shows the highest similarity of 99.7% to that of Chlorella vulgaris. However, TDX16-DE is only about half the size of C. vulgaris and structurally similar to C. vulgaris only in having a chloroplast-localized pyrenoid, but differs from C. vulgaris in that (1) it possesses a double-membraned cytoplasmic envelope but lacks endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus; and (2) its nucleus is enclosed by two sets of envelopes (four unit membranes). Therefore, based on these characters and the cyanobacterial origin, we describe TDX16-DE as a new genus and species, Chroococcidiorella tianjinensis gen. et sp. nov., which sets the basis for multidisciplinary research.

Leptochlorella corticola gen. et sp. nov. and Kalinella apyrenoidosa sp. nov.: two novel Chlorella-like green microalgae (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta) from subaerial habitats

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_1) ◽  
pp. 377-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Neustupa ◽  
Yvonne Němcová ◽  
Jana Veselá ◽  
Jana Steinová ◽  
Pavel Škaloud
Keyword(s):  
18S Rrna ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Algal Species ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Tree Bark ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Green Microalgae ◽  
Green Algal

The diversity of green microalgae in subaerial habitats remains largely unexplored and a number of new genus- and species-level lineages have been discovered recently. The traditional green algal genus, Chlorella, which accommodated coccoid unicellular green algal species with globular to oval cells, reproducing entirely by autospores, has been found to be polyphyletic. In this study, we provide a detailed characterization of two strains of microalgae isolated from tree bark in the Mediterranean. These algae share the general Chlorella-like morphology and their 18S rRNA and rbcL gene sequences place them in the Trebouxiophyceae. Strain CAUP H8401 forms an independent trebouxiophycean lineage, together with three previously published 18S rRNA gene environmental sequences of undescribed microalgae, which were retrieved from profoundly different habitats. In contrast, strain CAUP H7902 is related to Kalinella bambusicola in the Watanabea clade of the Trebouxiophyceae on the basis of its 18S rRNA gene sequence. This relationship is also supported by the rbcL gene sequence, acquired from the type strain of K. bambusicola. The investigated strains are described as representatives of a novel species in a new genus, Leptochlorella corticola gen. et sp. nov., and a novel species, Kalinella apyrenoidosa sp. nov., according to the International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi and Plants.

scholarly journals Morphology and phylogenetic position of Spongiochrysis hawaiiensis gen. et sp. nov., the first known terrestrial member of the order Cladophorales (Ulvophyceae, Chlorophyta)

2006 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 913-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Rindi ◽  
Juan M. López-Bautista ◽  
Alison R. Sherwood ◽  
Michael D. Guiry
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Holotype Specimen ◽  
Green Algal ◽  
Golden Yellow ◽  
Terrestrial Habitats ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Globular Cells

Spongiochrysis hawaiiensis gen. et sp. nov. is described from material collected at two sites on O'ahu, Hawaiian Islands. This alga produced golden-yellow crusts on the bark of Casuarina trees and consisted of globular cells with an axial stellate chloroplast. The only form of reproduction was a specialized type of autosporulation in which a budding-like division of the mother cell produced daughter cells of different sizes. Phylogenetic analyses of the 18S rRNA gene showed that Spongiochrysis hawaiiensis is a member of the freshwater clade of the Cladophorales/Siphonocladales lineage in the green algal class Ulvophyceae. On the basis of its unicellular habit and terrestrial habitat, this species is well differentiated from all other members of the same lineage and can be considered as the first known successful step of a member of the order Cladophorales into terrestrial habitats. The implications of the description of this species with regard to both green algal evolution and conservation of little-known tropical habitats are discussed. The holotype specimen of Spongiochrysis hawaiiensis is GALW015489 and isotype specimens have also been deposited in the BISH and BM herbaria.

scholarly journals De novo organelle biogenesis in the cyanobacterium TDX16 released from the green algaHaematococcus pluvialis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing-lin Dong ◽  
Xiang-ying Xing ◽  
Yang Han ◽  
Xiao-lin Wei ◽  
Shuo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Haematococcus Pluvialis ◽  
Organelle Biogenesis ◽  
Cytoplasmic Matrix ◽  
Hybrid Genome ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Cellular Dna

AbstractIt is believed that eukaryotes arise from prokaryotes, which means that organelles can form in the latter. Such events, however, had not been observed previously. Here, we report the biogenesis of organelles in the endosymbiotic cyanobacterium TDX16 that escaped from its senescent/necrotic host cell of green algaHaematococcus pluvialis. In brief, organelle biogenesis in TDX16 initiated with cytoplasm compartmentalization, followed by de-compartmentalization, DNA allocation, and re-compartmentalization, as such two composite organelles-the primitive chloroplast and primitive nucleus sequestering minor and major fractions of cellular DNA respectively were formed. Thereafter, the eukaryotic cytoplasmic matrix was built up from the matrix extruded from the primitive nucleus; mitochondria were assembled in and segregated from the primitive chloroplast, whereby the primitive nucleus and primitive chloroplast matured into nucleus and chloroplast respectively; while most mitochondria turned into double-membraned vacuoles after matrix degradation. Results of pigment analyses, 16S rRNA and genome sequencing revealed that TDX16 is a phycocyanin-containing cyanobacterium resemblingChroococcidiopsis thermalis, which had acquired 9,017,401bp DNAs with 10301 genes form its host. Therefore, organelle biogenesis in TDX16 was achieved by hybridizing the acquired eukaryotic DNAs with its own ones and expressing the hybrid genome.Organelle biogenesis in TDX16 results in its transition into a new eukaryotic alga TDX16-DE, which provides a reference to re-understand the development, structure, function and association of organelles in eukaryotes and the reasons behind them, and has implications on other sections of biology, particularly cancer biology and evolutionary biology: (1) the formation and maturation of the small organelle-less nascent cancer cells share striking similarities with TDX16 development and transition, so, it is most likely that cancer cells arise from bacteria; (2) organelle biogenesis in TDX16 uncovers a way of new organelle and new single-celled eukaryote formation, and in light of which, the ancestral organelles were likely formed in rather than transformed form the endosymbiotic prokaryotes that had acquired their hosts’ DNAs.

Spongiosarcinopsis terrestris gen. et sp. nov. (Chlorophyta, Chlorophyceae): a new genus of green algae from gray forest soil, Russia

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 376 (6) ◽  
pp. 291 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANNA TEMRALEEVA ◽  
SVETLANA MOSKALENKO ◽  
ELENA MINCHEVA ◽  
YURY BUKIN ◽  
MARIA SINETOVA
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Molecular Tools ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Compensatory Base Changes ◽  
Percent Similarity

The diversity of soil green microalgae (Chlorophyta) is generally poorly known and likely underestimated because of their morphological poverty and crypticity. The use of molecular tools has revolutionized algal diversity research, including the discovery of numerous new taxa. On the basis of light microscopy, we isolated Chlorochytrium-like strain ACSSI 023 from gray forest soil (Moscow region, Russia), but with spongy rather than network chloroplast. This strain was evaluated by means of 18S rRNA gene and ITS2 sequences analyses and ultrastructural observations. Morphology, comparing the ITS2 secondary structure, compensatory base changes, intron lacking and percent similarity of the 18S rRNA gene of the isolated strain allowed us to propose a new genus and species for it, Spongiosarcinopsis terrestris gen. et sp. nov. The genus forms a separate independent branch within the Stephanosphaerinia clade (Chlorophyta, Chlorophyceae) with type species—Spongiosarcinopsis terrestris ACSSI 023.

scholarly journals De Novo Organelle Biogenesis in the Cyanobacterium TDX16 Released from the Green Alga <i>Haematococcus pluvialis</i>

CellBio ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. 29-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinglin Dong ◽  
Xiangying Xing ◽  
Yang Han ◽  
Xiaolin Wei ◽  
Shuo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Green Alga ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Haematococcus Pluvialis ◽  
Organelle Biogenesis

TRADITIONAL GENERIC CONCEPTS VERSUS 18S rRNA GENE PHYLOGENY IN THE GREEN ALGAL FAMILY SELENASTRACEAE (CHLOROPHYCEAE, CHLOROPHYTA)

2001 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 852-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lothar Krienitz ◽  
Iana Ustinova ◽  
Thomas Friedl ◽  
Volker A. R. Huss
Keyword(s):  
18S Rrna ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Phylogeny ◽  
Green Algal

scholarly journals Diversity of cultured photosynthetic flagellates in the North East Pacific and Arctic Oceans in summer

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 6219-6259 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Balzano ◽  
P. Gourvil ◽  
R. Siano ◽  
M. Chanoine ◽  
D. Marie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
18S Rrna ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
28S Rrna Gene ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Green Algal ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing

Abstract. During the MALINA cruise (summer 2009) an extensive effort was undertaken to isolate phytoplankton strains from the North East (NE) Pacific Ocean, the Bering Strait, and the Beaufort Sea. Strains were isolated by flow cytometry sorting (FCS) and pipetting before or after phytoplankton enrichment of seawater samples. Strains were isolated both onboard and back in the laboratory and cultured at 4 °C under light/dark conditions. Overall, we isolated and characterised by light microscopy and 18S rRNA gene sequencing 104 strains of photosynthetic flagellates which grouped into 21 genotypes (defined by 99.5% 18S rRNA gene sequence similarity) mainly affiliated to Chlorophyta and Heterokontophyta. The taxon most frequently isolated was an Arctic ecotype of the green algal genus Micromonas (Arctic Micromonas) which was almost the only phytoplankter recovered within picoplankton (≤ 2 μm) size range. Strains of Arctic Micromonas as well as three unidentified strains related to the same genus were identified in further details by sequencing the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region of the rRNA operon. The MALINA Micromonas strains share identical 18S rRNA and ITS sequences suggesting high genetic homogeneity within Arctic Micromonas. The unidentified strains form a genotype likely belonging to a new genus within the family Mamiellaceae to which Micromonas belongs. Other green algae genotypes from the genera Nephroselmis, Chlamydomonas, Pyramimonas were also isolated whereas Heterokontophyta included Pelagophyceae, Dictyochophyceae and Chrysophyceae. Dictyochophyceae included Pedinellales which could not be identified to the genus level whereas Chrysophyceae comprised Dinobryon faculiferum. Moreover, we isolated Rhodomonas sp. as well as a few Haptophyta and dinoflagellates. We identified the dinoflagellate Woloszynskia cincta by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and 28S rRNA gene sequencing. Our morphological analyses show that this species possess the diagnostic features of the genus Biecheleria, and the 28S rRNA gene topology corroborates this affiliation. We thus propose the transfer of W. cincta to the genus Biecheleria and its recombination as Biecheleria cincta.

scholarly journals Growth of Haematococcus pluvialis on a Small-Scale Angled Porous Substrate Photobioreactor for Green Stage Biomass

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1788
Author(s):  
Thanh-Tri Do ◽  
Binh-Nguyen Ong ◽  
Tuan-Loc Le ◽  
Thanh-Cong Nguyen ◽  
Bich-Huy Tran-Thi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Algal Biomass ◽  
Haematococcus Pluvialis ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Porous Substrate ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Green Algal ◽  
Green Stage

In the production of astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis, the process of growing algal biomass in the vegetative green stage is an indispensable step in both suspended and immobilized cultivations. The green algal biomass is usually cultured in a suspension under a low light intensity. However, for astaxanthin accumulation, the microalgae need to be centrifuged and transferred to a new medium or culture system, a significant difficulty when upscaling astaxanthin production. In this research, a small-scale angled twin-layer porous substrate photobioreactor (TL-PSBR) was used to cultivate green stage biomass of H. pluvialis. Under low light intensities of 20–80 µmol photons m−2·s−1, algae in the biofilm consisted exclusively of non-motile vegetative cells (green palmella cells) after ten days of culturing. The optimal initial biomass density was 6.5 g·m−2, and the dry biomass productivity at a light intensity of 80 µmol photons m−2·s−1 was 6.5 g·m−2·d−1. The green stage biomass of H. pluvialis created in this small-scale angled TL-PSBR can be easily harvested and directly used as the source of material for the inoculation of a pilot-scale TL-PSBR for the production of astaxanthin.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document