scholarly journals Time between milestone events in the Alzheimer’s disease amyloid cascade

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip S. Insel ◽  
Michael C. Donohue ◽  
David Berron ◽  
Oskar Hansson ◽  
Niklas Mattsson-Carlgren
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Tau Pet ◽  
Amyloid Cascade

AbstractObjectiveEstimate the time-course of the spread of key pathological markers and the onset of cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease.MethodsIn a cohort of 336 older adults, ranging in cognitive functioning, we estimated the time of initial changes of Aβ, tau, and decreases in cognition with respect to the time of Aβ-positivity.ResultsSmall effect sizes of change in CSF Aβ42 and regional Aβ PET were estimated to occur several decades before Aβ-positivity. Increases in CSF tau occurred 11-12 years before Aβ-positivity. Temporoparietal tau PET showed increases 4-5 years before Aβ-positivity. Subtle cognitive dysfunction was observed 7-9 years before Aβ-positivity.ConclusionsIncreases in tau and cognitive dysfunction occur years before the presence of significant Aβ. Explicit estimates of the time for these events provide a clearer picture of the time course of the amyloid cascade and identify potential windows for specific treatments.

scholarly journals Volunteering, polygenic risk for Alzheimer's disease, and cognitive functioning among older adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 253 ◽  
pp. 112970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sae Hwang Han ◽  
J. Scott Roberts ◽  
Jan E. Mutchler ◽  
Jeffrey A. Burr
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Polygenic Risk

P2-131: Relationships between cognitive activity, Alzheimer's disease pathological biomarkers and cognitive functioning in normal older adults

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. P393-P394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miranka Wirth ◽  
Claudi M Haase ◽  
Sylvia Villeneuve ◽  
Cindee Madison ◽  
Hwamee Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Activity

IC-P-205: LONGITUDINAL TAU-PET AND ATROPHY IN HEALTHY OLDER ADULTS AND THOSE WITH ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (7S_Part_3) ◽  
pp. P168-P169
Author(s):  
Theresa M. Harrison ◽  
Renaud La Joie ◽  
Anne Maass ◽  
Suzanne L. Baker ◽  
Gil D. Rabinovici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Tau Pet

Citicoline in the Treatment of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Blood Relatives of Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease: Immediate and Long-Term Effects of Course Therapy

Psychiatry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 42-51
Author(s):  
N. D. Seleznеva ◽  
I. F. Roshchina ◽  
E. V. Ponomareva ◽  
S. Iv. Gavrilova
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Voluntary Attention

The aim was to study immediate and long-term (post-therapeutic) effects of a three-month course of therapy with citicoline in 1st-degree relatives of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). All the included relatives of patients with AD revealed signs of minimal cognitive dysfunction (MCD) and mild cognitive decline syndrome (MCI — Mild Cognitive Impairment, ICD-10 code F06.7). Study participants: the study involved 90 first-degree relatives: 24 with MCI and 66 with MCD. Study design: an open-label comparative multidisciplinary study of the six-month dynamics of cognitive functioning of two groups of relatives who received a three-month course of citicoline therapy. The baseline indicators of the cognitive functioning of relatives with MCI syndrome and MKD were compared with the indicators at the end of the three-month course of therapy with citicoline at a daily dose of 1000 mg as well as 3 months after the end of the course of treatment. Methods: clinical, psychopathological, neuropsychological, psychometric, genetic, statistical ones. Results: а significant positive effect of the course therapy with citicoline on the cognitive impairment of 1st degree AD-patients’ relatives with minimal cognitive dysfunction and more pronounced cognitive impairments met the diagnostic criteria for MCI syndrome has been found. A significantly greater value of both immediate and long-term therapeutic effect of MKD compared with MCI in relatives was established by psychometric and neuropsychological indicators characterizing voluntary memorization of verbal and visual stimuli, optical and spatial activity, voluntary attention, and associative verbal thinking. Conclusion: the results of the study can be used as the basis for a model of prevention of the progression of cognitive deficit and the development of dementia in persons with a high risk of developing AD, i.e. in individuals with both genetic risk and signs of cognitive impairment.

O4-09-04: LONGITUDINAL TAU-PET AND ATROPHY IN HEALTHY OLDER ADULTS AND IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (7S_Part_27) ◽  
pp. P1427-P1428
Author(s):  
Theresa M. Harrison ◽  
Renaud La Joie ◽  
Anne Maass ◽  
Suzanne L. Baker ◽  
Gil D. Rabinovici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Tau Pet

scholarly journals Efficacy and Safety of Citicoline to Prevent Cognitive Deficiency Progression in First-Degree Relatives of Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease: Prospective Study

Psychiatry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
N. D. Seleznеva ◽  
S. I. Gavrilova ◽  
E. V. Ponomareva
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment Syndrome

Objective: study of the prolonged effects of a three-month course of therapy with citicoline, carried out three times for three years, to prevent the progression of cognitive deficit in 1st-degree relatives of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD).Study participants: the study involved first-degree relatives of patients with an established diagnosis of AD.Study design: an openlabel comparative three-year prospective study of the dynamics of cognitive status in two groups of relatives, one of whom received citicoline therapy (1st group), and the other did not (2nd group). The 1st group made up 48 relatives (11 — with mild cognitive impairment syndrome and 37 — with signs of minimal cognitive dysfunction). 32 relatives who had not received drug treatment for 3 years (8 of them had objectively confirmed signs of minimal cognitive dysfunction, in 24 people — cognitive functioning corresponded to the normal aging) were included to 2nd group. The groups did not have significant differences in demographic characteristics and distribution of the ApoE4(+) genotype carriers.Methods: clinical and psychological, psychometric, ApoE genotyping, statistical.Results: in the therapeutic group, a significant improvement in the cognitive status was found in 75.0% of the treated relatives with cognitive disfunction on most scales and tests, with the exception of the clock drawing test. In the group of relatives who did not receive drug therapy, there was a significant deterioration of cognitive functioning — in 2 cases with the formation of mild cognitive impairment syndrome, in 21 cases — with the appearance of minimal cognitive signs.Conclusion: the results of a three-year preventive course of citicoline therapy showed a significant positive effect of the drug on the cognitive status of the 1st degree relatives of AD patients who had signs of cognitive impairment that did not reach the level of dementia.

scholarly journals p-tau/Aβ42 Ratio Associates with Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer’s disease, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Cognitively Unimpaired Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruchika Shaurya Prakash ◽  
Michael R. McKenna ◽  
Oyetunde Gbadeyan ◽  
Rebecca Andridge ◽  
Douglas W. Scharre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
The Impact

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe most well-studied biomarkers in AD are CSF amyloid beta-42 (Aβ42), tau, p-tau, and the ratio p-tau/Aβ42. The ratiometric measure of p-tau/Aβ42 shows the best diagnostic accuracy, and correlates reliably with metrics of cognition in unimpaired participants. However, no study has examined the impact of the CSF p-tau/Aβ42 ratio in predicting cognitive decline in both healthy and AD individuals in one sample. The goal of this study was to examine whether CSF-based p-tau/Aβ42 predicts changes in global cognitive functioning, episodic memory, and executive functioning over a two-year period in cognitively impaired older adults (CU), and in individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD).METHODSThis study involves secondary analysis of data from 1215 older adults available in the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). Neuropsychological variables, collected at baseline, 6-month, 12-month, and 24-month follow-ups, included the Preclinical Alzheimer’s Cognitive Composite (PACC) to assess global cognitive functioning, ADNI-MEM to assess episodic memory functioning, and ADNI-EF to assess executive functioning. Linear mixed models were constructed to examine the effect of CSF p-tau/Aβ42, diagnostic group, and change over time (baseline, 6-month, 12-month, and 24-month) on cognitive scores.RESULTSCSF p-tau/Aβ42 ratios predicted worsening cognitive impairment, both on global cognition and episodic memory in individuals with MCI and AD, but not in CU older adults and predicted decline in executive functioning for all three diagnostic groups.DISCUSSIONOur study, including CU, MCI, and AD individuals, provides evidence for differential cognitive consequences of accumulated AD pathology based on diagnostic groups.

scholarly journals Efficacy of cognitive stimulation therapy for older adults with vascular dementia

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 434-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Piras ◽  
Elena Carbone ◽  
Silvia Faggian ◽  
Elisa Salvalaio ◽  
Simona Gardini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Cognitive Stimulation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cognitive Stimulation Therapy

ABSTRACT. Background: Cognitive stimulation therapy (CST) is an evidence-based psychosocial intervention for people with mild-to-moderate dementia due to various etiological factors. Objective: The aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy of the CST program, Italian adaptation -CST-IT-, in individuals who have vascular dementia (VaD). Methods: Older adults with mild-to-moderate VaD (N = 35) were assigned to one of two programs: one group (N = 21) attended the 14 sessions of the CST-IT program, while the other, active control group (N = 14) took part in alternative activities. The following domains were examined: cognitive functioning, quality of life, mood, behavior, functional activities of daily living. Results: Compared with the active controls, the CST-IT group showed a greater improvement in general cognitive functioning after the intervention (i.e. score increase on the Mini-Mental State Examination and decrease on the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale – Cognitive subscale). A trend towards improvement was also identified in short-term/working memory – the backward digit span task- and perceived quality of life (Quality of Life – Alzheimer's Disease scale). No significant differences emerged between the two groups for the other domains considered. Conclusion: The present results support the efficacy of CST in people with vascular dementia.

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