scholarly journals Analysis of Hepatitis B virus genotype D in Greenland suggests presence of a novel subgenotype

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano de Bernardi Schneider ◽  
Reilly Hostager ◽  
Henrik Krarup ◽  
Malene Børresen ◽  
Yasuhito Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Recent Common Ancestor ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Most Recent Common Ancestor ◽  
Hbv Genotypes ◽  
Sister Clade ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Inuit Population ◽  
Circumpolar Arctic

A disproportionate amount of Greenland’s Inuit population is chronically infected with Hepatitis B virus (HBV; 5-10%). HBV genotypes B and D are most prevalent in the circumpolar Arctic. Here, we report 39 novel HBV/D sequences from individuals residing in southwestern Greenland. We performed phylodynamic analyses with ancient HBV DNA calibrators to investigate the origin and relationship of these taxa to other HBV sequences. We inferred a substitution rate of 1.4×10−5 [95% HPD 8.8×10−6, 2.0×10−5] and a time to the most recent common ancestor of 629 CE [95% HPD 37-1138 CE]. The Greenland taxa form a sister clade to HBV/D2 sequences, specifically New Caledonian and Indigenous Taiwanese samples. The Greenland sequences share amino acid signatures with subgenotypes D1 and D2, and approximately 98% sequence identity. Our results suggest the classification of these novel sequences does not fit within the current nomenclature. Thus, we propose these taxa be a novel subgenotype.

scholarly journals Analysis of Hepatitis B Virus Genotype D in Greenland Suggests the Presence of a Novel Quasi-Subgenotype

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano de Bernardi Schneider ◽  
Carla Osiowy ◽  
Reilly Hostager ◽  
Henrik Krarup ◽  
Malene Børresen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Recent Common Ancestor ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Most Recent Common Ancestor ◽  
Hbv Genotypes ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Disproportionate Number ◽  
Inuit Population ◽  
Circumpolar Arctic

A disproportionate number of Greenland's Inuit population are chronically infected with Hepatitis B virus (HBV; 5–10%). HBV genotypes B and D are most prevalent in the circumpolar Arctic. Here, we report 39 novel HBV/D sequences from individuals residing in southwestern Greenland. We performed phylodynamic analyses with ancient HBV DNA calibrators to investigate the origin and relationship of these taxa to other HBV sequences. We inferred a substitution rate of 1.4 × 10−5 [95% HPD 8.8 × 10−6, 2.0 × 10−5] and a time to the most recent common ancestor of 629 CE [95% HPD 37–1138 CE]. The Greenland taxa form a sister clade to HBV/D2 sequences, specifically New Caledonian and Indigenous Taiwanese sequences. The Greenland sequences share amino acid signatures with subgenotypes D1 and D2 and ~97% sequence identity. Our results suggest the classification of these novel sequences does not fit within the current nomenclature. Thus, we propose these taxa be considered a novel quasi-subgenotype.

scholarly journals Molecular Evolution of Hepatitis B Virus Genotype F in Latin America

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Wolf ◽  
Thiago Kastell Mazeto ◽  
Vagner Reinaldo Zingalli Bueno Pereira ◽  
Daniel Simon ◽  
Vagner Ricardo Lunge
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Molecular Evolution ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Recent Common Ancestor ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Hbv Genotype ◽  
Most Recent Common Ancestor ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Genotype F

Abstract Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype F evolution is not completely understood in Latin America. This study aims to evaluate the molecular evolution of HBV-F in Latin America by comparing 224 whole-genome sequences. Bayesian coalescent analysis was performed to estimate the time to the most recent common ancestor. Four main clades were formed dated back between 1245 and 1730. Also, four subclades were identified dated back between 1705 and 1801. HBV-F overall effective population size grew in the 18th century and showed an initial circulation of HBV-F from Venezuela to other countries from Latin America.

scholarly journals Establishment of reference sequences of hepatitis B virus genotype B subgenotypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-490
Author(s):  
Xiaojun Jin ◽  
Qun Cai ◽  
Zhenhua Zhang ◽  
Jifang Sheng
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Divergence Time ◽  
Reference Sequence ◽  
Recent Common Ancestor ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Most Recent Common Ancestor ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Reference Sequences ◽  
Reference Strains

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been classified into ten genotypes (A-J). Genotype B (HBV/B) is divided into nine subgenotypes (B1-B9), each with specific geographical predominance. Some reference sequence of HBV/B subgenotypes are currently in use, but these sequences have defects, being insufficient to represent the reference of individual subgenotype. The aim of this study was to establish a more representative reference of HBV/B subgenotypes in different regions. Full genomic sequences of HBV/B were obtained from GenBank and compartmentalized into genomic subtypes. The homology between our established HBV/B subgenotype references was evaluated at the nucleotide level. We established reference strains for B1-Japan, B2-China, B3-Indonesia, B4-Vietnam, B6-North America, B7-Indonesia and B9-Southeast Asia. Fractional significant mutation sites of the strains that were established were observed in the BCP/Pre-C regions. We calculated the genetic divergence time from the most recent common ancestor of HBV/B pedigree. The reference sequences established in the study provide reference standards for studies on molecular characterization, virology and pathogenesis of HBV/B.

scholarly journals The dominant hepatitis B virus genotype identified in Tibet is a C/D hybrid

2002 ◽  
Vol 83 (11) ◽  
pp. 2773-2777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaoyin Cui ◽  
Jinxiu Shi ◽  
Lijian Hui ◽  
Huifeng Xi ◽  
Zhuoma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
The Other ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Hbv Genotypes ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Genotype C ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
Positive Population

There are no reports on DNA sequences of hepatitis B virus (HBV) strains from Tibet, although this highland area has a high HBsAg-positive population. We characterized HBV isolates from sera of 26 HBsAg-positive Tibetans. To determine the HBV genotypes and their phylogenetic relationships, we sequenced two genomic regions, one including the pre-S1/pre-S2/S region and the other including the pre-C/C region. The sequences were classified into two different genotypes based on different regions of the genome, except for one isolate. To clarify this finding, two complete HBV genomes that represented the two groups of isolates were sequenced. From the sequencing results, we concluded that HBV strains in Tibet may be classified as genotype C, and there are at least two subgroups. The dominant subgroup is a C/D hybrid with serotype ayw2, and the other is genotype C with serotype adw. This is the first report of complete nucleotide sequences of HBV from Tibet. These results contribute to the investigation of recombinant HBV strains throughout the world and should encourage further study of genotypes and recombination in HBV from this particular region.

scholarly journals Sequence Analysis of PreS2 Region of Hepatitis B Virus Genotype D Isolates

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
Amania Anwar ◽  
Sheeba Murad ◽  
Hajra Sadia
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Cell Permeability ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Hbv Genotype ◽  
Hbv Genotypes ◽  
B Virus

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a well known agent of liver diseases. HBV disease burden varies across theglobe with regions from low to high endemicity. Pakistan lies in the intermediate endemic zone, withhigh rate of mortality due to liver disease, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. There is a wide rangeof heterogeneity in relation to HBV genotypes and sub-genotypes and in their patterns of pathogenesis,virulence and response to antiviral therapy. A large number of HBV genomic variations are associatedwith clinical outcomes such as hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis. Thus, the present study aimsto analyze PreS2 gene sequences from HBV isolates and their phylogeny. To investigate this, a study wasconducted on twenty one HBV chronically infected individuals, serum samples were subjected to PCRwith specific primers for PreS2 region of HBV genotype D and then sequenced. Point mutations: A39V,P41H and L42I were found in cell permeability domain of PreS2 protein. However, MHC class I and IIepitopes were conserved in all sequences. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out by comparing thenucleotide sequence with 22 reference sequences of HBV sub-genotype D retrieved from the GeneBank.Phylogenetic analysis showed that two of our isolates, ASAB1 (2266) and ASAB3 (PIMS 7) sharedcluster 1 with China D1, Pakistan D1, Iran D1 and Turkey D1. Meanwhile, ASAB2 (HF2) was grouped incluster 2 with Lebanese D2 and Brazil D2.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B virus genotype and mutants and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Camillo Porta
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
National Cancer Institute ◽  
Core Promoter ◽  
Basal Core Promoter ◽  
Common Variants ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Hbv Genotypes ◽  
B Virus

In the August issue of the authoritative Journal of the National Cancer Institute, a research group from Taiwan reported the results of a huge study aimed at assessing a possible association between Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes and common variants in the precore and basal core promoter (BP) regions and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)...

Long-term follow-up of a Japanese patient with hepatitis B virus genotype H and human immunodeficiency virus coinfection

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 633-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Ogawa ◽  
Shinya Kamimura ◽  
Tatsuo Kanda ◽  
Hiroshi Takahashi ◽  
Taku Mizutani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Hbv Genotype ◽  
Hbv Genotypes ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes affect the pathogenesis of disease progression during the course of HBV infection. In Japan, HBV genotype H is one of the rare HBV genotypes. We recovered HBV genotype H from a blood sample from a Japanese HIV-infected patient with acute exacerbation of chronic HBV infection. Due to the development of drugs for treating HBV and HIV, HBV genotype H and HIV coinfection has been well controlled by nucleos(t)ide analogs and highly active antiretroviral therapy, respectively, from 2002 to 2019. Further study is needed with regard to HBV genotype H and its pathogenesis.

Molecular characteristics of hepatitis B virus genotype a confer a higher response rate to interferon treatment

2001 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 15-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hou ◽  
R. Schilling ◽  
H.L.A. Janssen ◽  
R.A. Heijtink ◽  
R. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Interferon Treatment ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Genotype A

Predominance of hepatitis B virus genotype C among Karens, the ‘old settlers’ of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India

2007 ◽  
Vol 152 (6) ◽  
pp. 1223-1228 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Datta ◽  
P. K. Chandra ◽  
A. Banerjee ◽  
R. Chakravarty ◽  
K. M. Murhekar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Andaman And Nicobar Islands ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Genotype C ◽  
Nicobar Islands

Hepatitis B virus genotype G monoinfection and its transmission by blood components

Hepatology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Chudy ◽  
Michael Schmidt ◽  
Volker Czudai ◽  
Heinrich Scheiblauer ◽  
Sigrid Nick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Components ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
B Virus
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