scholarly journals Molecular Evolution of Hepatitis B Virus Genotype F in Latin America

Author(s):  
Jonas Wolf ◽  
Thiago Kastell Mazeto ◽  
Vagner Reinaldo Zingalli Bueno Pereira ◽  
Daniel Simon ◽  
Vagner Ricardo Lunge

Abstract Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype F evolution is not completely understood in Latin America. This study aims to evaluate the molecular evolution of HBV-F in Latin America by comparing 224 whole-genome sequences. Bayesian coalescent analysis was performed to estimate the time to the most recent common ancestor. Four main clades were formed dated back between 1245 and 1730. Also, four subclades were identified dated back between 1705 and 1801. HBV-F overall effective population size grew in the 18th century and showed an initial circulation of HBV-F from Venezuela to other countries from Latin America.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano de Bernardi Schneider ◽  
Reilly Hostager ◽  
Henrik Krarup ◽  
Malene Børresen ◽  
Yasuhito Tanaka ◽  
...  

A disproportionate amount of Greenland’s Inuit population is chronically infected with Hepatitis B virus (HBV; 5-10%). HBV genotypes B and D are most prevalent in the circumpolar Arctic. Here, we report 39 novel HBV/D sequences from individuals residing in southwestern Greenland. We performed phylodynamic analyses with ancient HBV DNA calibrators to investigate the origin and relationship of these taxa to other HBV sequences. We inferred a substitution rate of 1.4×10−5 [95% HPD 8.8×10−6, 2.0×10−5] and a time to the most recent common ancestor of 629 CE [95% HPD 37-1138 CE]. The Greenland taxa form a sister clade to HBV/D2 sequences, specifically New Caledonian and Indigenous Taiwanese samples. The Greenland sequences share amino acid signatures with subgenotypes D1 and D2, and approximately 98% sequence identity. Our results suggest the classification of these novel sequences does not fit within the current nomenclature. Thus, we propose these taxa be a novel subgenotype.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano de Bernardi Schneider ◽  
Carla Osiowy ◽  
Reilly Hostager ◽  
Henrik Krarup ◽  
Malene Børresen ◽  
...  

A disproportionate number of Greenland's Inuit population are chronically infected with Hepatitis B virus (HBV; 5–10%). HBV genotypes B and D are most prevalent in the circumpolar Arctic. Here, we report 39 novel HBV/D sequences from individuals residing in southwestern Greenland. We performed phylodynamic analyses with ancient HBV DNA calibrators to investigate the origin and relationship of these taxa to other HBV sequences. We inferred a substitution rate of 1.4 × 10−5 [95% HPD 8.8 × 10−6, 2.0 × 10−5] and a time to the most recent common ancestor of 629 CE [95% HPD 37–1138 CE]. The Greenland taxa form a sister clade to HBV/D2 sequences, specifically New Caledonian and Indigenous Taiwanese sequences. The Greenland sequences share amino acid signatures with subgenotypes D1 and D2 and ~97% sequence identity. Our results suggest the classification of these novel sequences does not fit within the current nomenclature. Thus, we propose these taxa be considered a novel quasi-subgenotype.


2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-490
Author(s):  
Xiaojun Jin ◽  
Qun Cai ◽  
Zhenhua Zhang ◽  
Jifang Sheng

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been classified into ten genotypes (A-J). Genotype B (HBV/B) is divided into nine subgenotypes (B1-B9), each with specific geographical predominance. Some reference sequence of HBV/B subgenotypes are currently in use, but these sequences have defects, being insufficient to represent the reference of individual subgenotype. The aim of this study was to establish a more representative reference of HBV/B subgenotypes in different regions. Full genomic sequences of HBV/B were obtained from GenBank and compartmentalized into genomic subtypes. The homology between our established HBV/B subgenotype references was evaluated at the nucleotide level. We established reference strains for B1-Japan, B2-China, B3-Indonesia, B4-Vietnam, B6-North America, B7-Indonesia and B9-Southeast Asia. Fractional significant mutation sites of the strains that were established were observed in the BCP/Pre-C regions. We calculated the genetic divergence time from the most recent common ancestor of HBV/B pedigree. The reference sequences established in the study provide reference standards for studies on molecular characterization, virology and pathogenesis of HBV/B.


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Golzar Hossain ◽  
Md Muket Mahmud ◽  
Md Arifur Rahman ◽  
Sharmin Akter ◽  
K. H. M. Nazmul Hussain Nazir ◽  
...  

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genomic mutations affect viral replication, disease progression, and diagnostic and vaccination efficiency. There is limited information regarding characterization and mutational analysis of HBV isolated in Bangladesh. Here, we report the complete nucleotide sequence of a precore-defective HBV genotype D2 strain isolated in Bangladesh.


2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Torres ◽  
Flavia Guadalupe Piñeiro y Leone ◽  
Silvana Claudia Pezzano ◽  
Viviana Andrea Mbayed ◽  
Rodolfo Héctor Campos

2004 ◽  
Vol 78 (14) ◽  
pp. 7575-7581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izumi Hasegawa ◽  
Yasuhito Tanaka ◽  
Anna Kramvis ◽  
Takanobu Kato ◽  
Fuminaka Sugauchi ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT The eight genotypes of hepatitis B virus (HBV) have different geographical distributions, virological characteristics, and clinical manifestations. A unique subtype of HBV genotype A (HBV/A) was reported in sub-Saharan Africa, raising the possibility that patients infected with this subtype (HBV/Aa [“a” for African and Asian]) may have different clinical outcomes than other HBV/A isolates (HBV/Ae [“e” for European]). Comparison between 30 HBV/Aa and 30 HBV/Ae isolates indicated that almost all HBV/Ae isolates had G at nucleotide (nt) 1809 and C at nt 1812, whereas HBV/Aa isolates had T1809/T1812. Taking advantage of these two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), a novel subtype-specific PCR assay in the X/precore/core region was developed. This assay was combined with a restriction fragment length polymorphism assay using BglII in a different region (nt 1984 to 1989), which has a SNP distinguishing HBV/Aa from HBV/Ae, resulting in 100% specificity for the combined assay. Application of the subtyping assay using sera from 109 paid donors in the United States indicated significantly different distributions of HBV/A subtypes among races; African-Americans, Caucasians, and Hispanics had HBV/Ae, whereas Asians had mainly HBV/Aa, suggesting that the HBV/Aa isolates may have been imported by recent immigration from Asia. In conclusion, the specificity and sensitivity of the combined subtyping assay were confirmed, and its usefulness was demonstrated in a practical context.


2001 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 356-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Quintero ◽  
Nathalie Uzcátegui ◽  
Carmen Luisa Loureiro ◽  
Leopolodo Villegas ◽  
Ximena Illarramendi ◽  
...  

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