Long-term follow-up of a Japanese patient with hepatitis B virus genotype H and human immunodeficiency virus coinfection

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 633-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Ogawa ◽  
Shinya Kamimura ◽  
Tatsuo Kanda ◽  
Hiroshi Takahashi ◽  
Taku Mizutani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Hbv Genotype ◽  
Hbv Genotypes ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes affect the pathogenesis of disease progression during the course of HBV infection. In Japan, HBV genotype H is one of the rare HBV genotypes. We recovered HBV genotype H from a blood sample from a Japanese HIV-infected patient with acute exacerbation of chronic HBV infection. Due to the development of drugs for treating HBV and HIV, HBV genotype H and HIV coinfection has been well controlled by nucleos(t)ide analogs and highly active antiretroviral therapy, respectively, from 2002 to 2019. Further study is needed with regard to HBV genotype H and its pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Sequence Analysis of PreS2 Region of Hepatitis B Virus Genotype D Isolates

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
Amania Anwar ◽  
Sheeba Murad ◽  
Hajra Sadia
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Cell Permeability ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Hbv Genotype ◽  
Hbv Genotypes ◽  
B Virus

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a well known agent of liver diseases. HBV disease burden varies across theglobe with regions from low to high endemicity. Pakistan lies in the intermediate endemic zone, withhigh rate of mortality due to liver disease, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. There is a wide rangeof heterogeneity in relation to HBV genotypes and sub-genotypes and in their patterns of pathogenesis,virulence and response to antiviral therapy. A large number of HBV genomic variations are associatedwith clinical outcomes such as hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis. Thus, the present study aimsto analyze PreS2 gene sequences from HBV isolates and their phylogeny. To investigate this, a study wasconducted on twenty one HBV chronically infected individuals, serum samples were subjected to PCRwith specific primers for PreS2 region of HBV genotype D and then sequenced. Point mutations: A39V,P41H and L42I were found in cell permeability domain of PreS2 protein. However, MHC class I and IIepitopes were conserved in all sequences. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out by comparing thenucleotide sequence with 22 reference sequences of HBV sub-genotype D retrieved from the GeneBank.Phylogenetic analysis showed that two of our isolates, ASAB1 (2266) and ASAB3 (PIMS 7) sharedcluster 1 with China D1, Pakistan D1, Iran D1 and Turkey D1. Meanwhile, ASAB2 (HF2) was grouped incluster 2 with Lebanese D2 and Brazil D2.

Prevalence and genotyping of hepatitis B virus: a cross-sectional study conducted with female sex workers in the Marajó Archipelago, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 902-910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula CR Frade ◽  
Nairis C Raiol ◽  
Luana M da Costa ◽  
Luiz ML Pinheiro ◽  
Gláucia C Silva-Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Hepatitis D ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Hbv Genotypes ◽  
B Virus

In South America, the Amazon basin is considered an endemic area of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, epidemiological studies with vulnerable groups are scarce. Female sex workers (FSWs) are highly vulnerable to sexually transmitted infections due to a combination of their sexual behavior and socio-economic conditions. Thus, this study investigated the prevalence of HBV infections and HBV–hepatitis C virus, HBV–hepatitis D virus, HBV–HIV, and HBV–human T-lymphotropic virus co-infections among FSWs in the Marajó Archipelago, northern Brazil, as well as identifying the HBV genotypes circulating in this population. A total of 153 FSWs in 5 towns and 18 riverside communities were included in the study. The HBV infection and co-infections were diagnosed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and real-time polymerase chain reaction. The HBV genotypes were detected by sequencing and were then analyzed phylogenetically. Most of the FSWs surveyed were single, young, heterosexual, and born locally, with low levels of education. Overall, 21 (13.7%) had been exposed to HBV, and HBV-DNA was detected in 13 (8.5%). Genotypes A (69.2%), D (23.1%), and F (7.7%) were detected. Seven cases of co-infections with other viruses were detected. These findings indicate a clear need for urgent measures to control the spread of HBV and other pathogens, and to promote the health of the local FSWs.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of a Precore-Defective Hepatitis B Virus Genotype D2 Strain Isolated in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Golzar Hossain ◽  
Md Muket Mahmud ◽  
Md Arifur Rahman ◽  
Sharmin Akter ◽  
K. H. M. Nazmul Hussain Nazir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Mutational Analysis ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Hbv Genotype ◽  
B Virus

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genomic mutations affect viral replication, disease progression, and diagnostic and vaccination efficiency. There is limited information regarding characterization and mutational analysis of HBV isolated in Bangladesh. Here, we report the complete nucleotide sequence of a precore-defective HBV genotype D2 strain isolated in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Novel Hepatitis B Virus Genotype A Subtyping Assay That Distinguishes Subtype Aa from Ae and Its Application in Epidemiological Studies

2004 ◽  
Vol 78 (14) ◽  
pp. 7575-7581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izumi Hasegawa ◽  
Yasuhito Tanaka ◽  
Anna Kramvis ◽  
Takanobu Kato ◽  
Fuminaka Sugauchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Hbv Genotype ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Genotype A

ABSTRACT The eight genotypes of hepatitis B virus (HBV) have different geographical distributions, virological characteristics, and clinical manifestations. A unique subtype of HBV genotype A (HBV/A) was reported in sub-Saharan Africa, raising the possibility that patients infected with this subtype (HBV/Aa [“a” for African and Asian]) may have different clinical outcomes than other HBV/A isolates (HBV/Ae [“e” for European]). Comparison between 30 HBV/Aa and 30 HBV/Ae isolates indicated that almost all HBV/Ae isolates had G at nucleotide (nt) 1809 and C at nt 1812, whereas HBV/Aa isolates had T1809/T1812. Taking advantage of these two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), a novel subtype-specific PCR assay in the X/precore/core region was developed. This assay was combined with a restriction fragment length polymorphism assay using BglII in a different region (nt 1984 to 1989), which has a SNP distinguishing HBV/Aa from HBV/Ae, resulting in 100% specificity for the combined assay. Application of the subtyping assay using sera from 109 paid donors in the United States indicated significantly different distributions of HBV/A subtypes among races; African-Americans, Caucasians, and Hispanics had HBV/Ae, whereas Asians had mainly HBV/Aa, suggesting that the HBV/Aa isolates may have been imported by recent immigration from Asia. In conclusion, the specificity and sensitivity of the combined subtyping assay were confirmed, and its usefulness was demonstrated in a practical context.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes in Egyptian pediatric cancer patients with acute and chronic active HBV infection

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdel-Rahman N Zekri ◽  
Mohamed M Hafez ◽  
Nahed I Mohamed ◽  
Zeinab K Hassan ◽  
Manal H El-Sayed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Pediatric Cancer ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Hbv Genotypes ◽  
Pediatric Cancer Patients ◽  
B Virus

scholarly journals Genotype-Specific Genomic Markers Associated with Primary Hepatomas, Based on Complete Genomic Sequencing of Hepatitis B Virus

2008 ◽  
Vol 82 (7) ◽  
pp. 3604-3611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph J. Y. Sung ◽  
Stephen K. W. Tsui ◽  
Chi-Hang Tse ◽  
Eddie Y. T. Ng ◽  
Kwong-Sak Leung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Rule Learning ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hbv Genotype ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Genomic Markers ◽  
Genotype C ◽  
Complete Genomic

ABSTRACT We aimed to identify genomic markers in hepatitis B virus (HBV) that are associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development by comparing the complete genomic sequences of HBVs among patients with HCC and those without. One hundred patients with HBV-related HCC and 100 age-matched HBV-infected non-HCC patients (controls) were studied. HBV DNA from serum was directly sequenced to study the whole viral genome. Data mining and rule learning were employed to develop diagnostic algorithms. An independent cohort of 132 cases (43 HCC and 89 non-HCC) was used to validate the accuracy of these algorithms. Among the 100 cases of HCC, 37 had genotype B (all subgenotype Ba) and 63 had genotype C (16 subgenotype Ce and 47 subgenotype Cs) HBV infection. In the control group, 51 had genotype B and 49 had genotype C (10 subgenotype Ce and 39 subgenotype Cs) HBV infection. Genomic algorithms associated with HCC were derived based on genotype/subgenotype-specific mutations. In genotype B HBV, mutations C1165T, A1762T and G1764A, T2712C/A/G, and A/T2525C were associated with HCC. HCC-related mutations T31C, T53C, and A1499G were associated with HBV subgenotype Ce, and mutations G1613A, G1899A, T2170C/G, and T2441C were associated with HBV subgenotype Cs. Amino acid changes caused by these mutations were found in the X, envelope, and precore/core regions in association with HBV genotype B, Ce, and Cs, respectively. In conclusion, infections with different genotypes of HBV (B, Ce, and Cs) carry different genomic markers for HCC at different parts of the HBV genome. Different HBV genotypes may have different virologic mechanisms of hepatocarcinogenesis.

scholarly journals Genotyping Hepatitis B virus from whole- and sub-genomic fragments using position-specific scoring matrices in hbv star

2006 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 1459-1464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Myers ◽  
Caroline Clark ◽  
Arshad Khan ◽  
Paul Kellam ◽  
Richard Tedder
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Core Promoter ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Basal Core Promoter ◽  
Hbv Genotype ◽  
Promoter Sequences ◽  
Hbv Genotypes ◽  
Scoring Matrices ◽  
B Virus

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genomes have been classified into eight genotypes based on phylogenetic analysis of sequence variation. Identifying and tracking the movement of HBV genotypes is important in terms of both monitoring infection rates and predicting disease and treatment. An HBV genotyping tool has been developed that compares query sequences with position-specific scoring matrices representing the eight HBV genotypes. This tool (hbv star) is rapid, robust and accurate and assigns genotype based on a statistically defined scoring model. hbv star confidently assigned 90 % of 590 full-length HBV genomes to an HBV genotype (Z score >2.0). Thirty-two of the residual 48 sequences were identified as non-human primate viruses and 16 sequences were identified as recombinant or putative recombinants. Receiver-Operated Characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to compare the accuracy of genotype prediction using basal core promoter sequences and surface and core genes with the accuracy achieved by using full-length sequences. A web interface to hbv star is available at http://www.vgb.ucl.ac.uk/starn.shtml.

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