scholarly journals Andean uplift, drainage basin formation, and the evolution of riverweeds (Marathrum, Podostemaceae) in northern South America

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana M. Bedoya ◽  
Adam D. Leaché ◽  
Richard G. Olmstead
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Landscape Change ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Parental Line ◽  
List Type ◽  
Basin Formation ◽  
Northern South America ◽  
The Impact ◽  
River Drainages

SummaryNorthern South America is a geologically dynamic and species-rich region. While fossil and stratigraphic data show that reconfiguration of river drainages resulted from mountain uplift in the tropical Andes, investigations of the impact of landscape change on the evolution of the flora in the region have been restricted to terrestrial taxa.We explore the role of landscape change on the evolution of plants living strictly in rivers across drainage basins in northern South America by conducting population structure, phylogenomic, phylogenetic networks, and divergence-dating analyses for populations of riverweeds (Marathrum, Podostemaceae).We show that mountain uplift and drainage basin formation isolated populations of Marathrum and created barriers to gene flow across rivers drainages. Sympatric species hybridize and the hybrids show the phenotype of one parental line. We propose that the pattern of divergence of populations reflect the formation of river drainages, which was not complete until <4 MaOur study provides a clear picture of the role of landscape change in shaping the evolution of riverweeds in northern South America, advances our understanding of the reproductive biology of this remarkable group of plants, and spotlights the impact of hybridization in phylogenetic inference.

scholarly journals Climate, tectonics or morphology: what signals can we see in drainage basin sediment yields?

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Coulthard ◽  
M. J. Van de Wiel
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Sediment Yields ◽  
Internal Storage ◽  
Storage Effects ◽  
Climatic Drivers ◽  
Basin Morphology ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Small Basin

Abstract. Sediment yields from river basins are typically considered to be controlled by tectonic and climatic drivers. However, climate and tectonics can operate simultaneously and the impact of autogenic processes scrambling or shredding these inputs can make it hard to unpick the role of these drivers from the sedimentary record. Thus an understanding of the relative dominance of climate, tectonics or other processes in the output of sediment from a basin is vital. Here, we use a numerical landscape evolution model (CAESAR) to specifically examine the relative impact of climate change, tectonic uplift (instantaneous and gradual) and basin morphology on sediment yield. Unexpectedly, this shows how the sediment signal from significant rates of uplift (10 m instant or 25 mm a−1) may be lost due to internal storage effects within even a small basin. However, the signal from modest increases in rainfall magnitude (10–20%) can be seen in increases in sediment yield. In addition, in larger basins, tectonic inputs can be significantly diluted by regular delivery from non-uplifted parts of the basin.

H. J. Heinz M&A

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
David P. Stowell ◽  
Nicholas Kawar
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Strategic Decision Making ◽  
List Type ◽  
Investment Bankers ◽  
Outstanding Debt ◽  
Future Consequences ◽  
Transaction Value ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Global Growth

During December 2012, Jorge Paulo Lemann, a co-founder and partner at 3G, proposed to Warren Buffett that 3G and Berkshire Hathaway acquire H. J. Heinz Company. Lemann and Buffett, who had known each other for years, jointly decided that the Heinz turnaround had been successful and that there was significant potential for continued global growth. 3G informed Heinz CEO William Johnson that it and Berkshire Hathaway were interested in jointly acquiring his company. Johnson then presented the investors' offer of $70.00 per share of outstanding common stock to the Heinz board.After much discussion, the Heinz board and its advisors informed 3G that without better financial terms they would not continue to discuss the possibility of an acquisition. Two days later, 3G and Berkshire Hathaway returned with a revised proposal of $72.50 per share, for a total transaction value of $28 billion (including Heinz's outstanding debt).Following a forty-day “go-shop” period, Heinz, 3G, and Berkshire Hathaway agreed to sign the deal. But was this, in fact, a fair deal? And what might be the future consequences for shareholders, management, employees, and citizens of Pittsburgh, the location of the company's headquarters? Last, what was the role of activist investors in bringing Heinz to this deal stage?After reading and analyzing the case, students will be able to: Understand the influence of investment bankers on M&A transactions Consider synergies that drive M&A Consider the role of activist investors in corporate strategic decision-making Understand the impact of M&A on key corporate stakeholders Apply core valuation techniques to support M&A valuation

scholarly journals Paleo-Drainage Network, Morphotectonics, and Fluvial Terraces: Clues from the Verde Stream in the Middle Sangro River (Central Italy)

Geosciences ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Miccadei ◽  
Cristiano Carabella ◽  
Giorgio Paglia ◽  
Tommaso Piacentini
Keyword(s):  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
General Setting ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Drainage Network ◽  
Fluvial Terraces ◽  
Field Evidence ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
The Impact

This work analyzes the role of paleo-drainage network, morphotectonics, and surface processes in landscape evolution in a sector of the transition zone between the chain and the piedmont area of Central Apennines. Particularly, it focuses on the Verde Stream, a tributary of the middle Sangro River valley, which flows in the southeastern Abruzzo area at the boundary with the Molise region. The Verde Stream was investigated through a drainage basin scale geomorphological analysis incorporating the morphometry of the orography and hydrography, structural geomorphological field mapping, and the investigation of morphological field evidence of tectonics with their statistical azimuthal distributions. The local data obtained were compared with the analysis of the middle Sangro River valley and the tectonic features of the Abruzzo–Molise area. This approach led us to also provide relevant clues about the definition of the role of karst features and paleo-landscapes in the general setting of the study area and to identify the impact of active tectonics, confirmed by recent and active seismicity. In conclusion, the paper contributes to defining the main stages of the geomorphological evolution of this area, driven by uplift and local tectonics and due to a combination of fluvial, karst, and landslide processes.

OP9  Perch – preliminary exploration of the role of paramedics in care homes

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. e5.2-e6
Author(s):  
Mark Kingston ◽  
Leigh Keen ◽  
Stephanie Green ◽  
Lesley Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Care Home ◽  
Care Homes ◽  
Health Board ◽  
List Type ◽  
Role Clarity ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Fact Finding ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundHalf a million people live in UK care homes. General practices struggle to deliver primary care for residents due to high demand and staff shortages. Meanwhile, ambulance services are seeing an increase in 999 calls from care homes. In response, some areas are involving paramedics in proactive support to care homes, part of a shift towards paramedics undertaking non-emergency community care. Yet such workforce changes require urgent evaluation to understand implications for residents, staff and health services. We aimed to explore the role of non-emergency paramedics in care homes to support the design of portfolio research.MethodsWe convened a Research Development Group of care home, ambulance service, health board, primary care, public and academic representatives. We:Conducted fact-finding visits to sitesAnalysed 999 call data from care homesSurveyed ENRICH (Enabling Research in Care Homes) care home managers in England and WalesHeld a stakeholder workshop to explore the issuesResultsWe identified sites in England and Wales where paramedics provide non-emergency care in care homes. Operating models varied with paramedics employed by ambulance services, health boards and practices. Monthly 999 data from 300 homes confirmed high call and hospital conveyance rates. Survey respondents thought paramedics were well suited to assessing residents, identifying issues, improving care and avoiding admissions. They foresaw benefits to inter-professional working, clinical support and person-centred care, but raised concerns over professional boundaries and role clarity. These messages were reinforced in our workshop, where the value of timely assessment was highlighted, alongside challenges of funding and governance.ConclusionsThe role of paramedics is shifting into dedicated primary and community work, including care homes. It is imperative that research is aligned and informs evidence based practice. We are developing PERCH2, a feasibility study evaluating the impact of paramedics working in this way.

scholarly journals The changing course of the Amazon River in the Neogene: center stage for Neotropical diversification

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
James S. Albert ◽  
Pedro Val ◽  
Carina Hoorn
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Amazon River ◽  
Geological Evidence ◽  
Continental Scale ◽  
River Capture ◽  
Northern South America ◽  
Seasonally Flooded

ABSTRACT We review geological evidence on the origin of the modern transcontinental Amazon River, and the paleogeographic history of riverine connections among the principal sedimentary basins of northern South America through the Neogene. Data are reviewed from new geochronological datasets using radiogenic and stable isotopes, and from traditional geochronological methods, including sedimentology, structural mapping, sonic and seismic logging, and biostratigraphy. The modern Amazon River and the continental-scale Amazon drainage basin were assembled during the late Miocene and Pliocene, via some of the largest purported river capture events in Earth history. Andean sediments are first recorded in the Amazon Fan at about 10.1-9.4 Ma, with a large increase in sedimentation at about 4.5 Ma. The transcontinental Amazon River therefore formed over a period of about 4.9-5.6 million years, by means of several river capture events. The origins of the modern Amazon River are hypothesized to be linked with that of mega-wetland landscapes of tropical South America (e.g. várzeas, pantanals, seasonally flooded savannahs). Mega-wetlands have persisted over about 10% northern South America under different configurations for >15 million years. Although the paleogeographic reconstructions presented are simplistic and coarse-grained, they are offered to inspire the collection and analysis of new sedimentological and geochronological datasets.

scholarly journals Climate, tectonics or morphology: what signals can we see in drainage basin sediment yields?

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Coulthard ◽  
M. J. Van de Wiel
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Sediment Yields ◽  
Internal Storage ◽  
Storage Effects ◽  
Climatic Drivers ◽  
Basin Morphology ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Small Basin

Abstract. Sediment yields from river basins are typically considered to be controlled by tectonic and climatic drivers. However, climate and tectonics can operate simultaneously and the impact of autogenic processes scrambling or shredding these inputs can make it hard to unpick the role of these drivers from the sedimentary record. Thus an understanding of the relative dominance of climate, tectonics or other processes in the output of sediment from a basin is vital. Here, we use a numerical landscape evolution model (CAESAR) to specifically examine the relative impact of climate change, tectonic uplift (instantaneous and gradual) and basin morphology on sediment yield. Unexpectedly, this shows how the sediment signal from significant rates of uplift (10 m instant or 25 mm a−1) is lost due to internal storage effects within even a small basin. However, the signal from modest increases in rainfall magnitude (10–20%) can be seen in increases in sediment yield. In addition, in larger basins, tectonic inputs can be significantly diluted by regular delivery from non-uplifted parts of the basin.

PP27 An exploration of the experiences of paramedics taking part in a large randomised trial of airway management, and the impact on their views and practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. e12.1-e12
Author(s):  
K Kirby ◽  
J Brandling ◽  
M Robinson ◽  
S Voss ◽  
J Benger
Keyword(s):  
Airway Management ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Barriers And Facilitators ◽  
Trial Participation ◽  
List Type ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Advanced Airway ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundThe participation of over 1500 study paramedics in AIRWAYS-2 provides a unique opportunity for an in depth exploration of how the views and practice of study paramedics, in advanced airway management, may have developed as a result of their participation in AIRWAYS-2, and how their experiences can inform future trials in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Future prehospital guidelines and practice will not only be shaped by the results of large trials such as AIRWAYS-2, but also by the views and attitudes of UK paramedics towards OHCA, airway management and research. This study allows an opportunity to add depth and understanding to the results of AIRWAYS-2.Study aimsTo explore paramedics’ experiences of participating in a large cluster randomized trial of airway management during OHCA, specifically:The challenges of enrolling patients who are critically unwell and unable to consent;Barriers and facilitators to successful research in OHCA patients;The impact on paramedics’ clinical practice and airway management during and after the trial;The role of advanced airway management during OHCA.MethodsContent analysis of an online survey of 1500 study paramedics to assess their experiences of participating in the trial and to establish any changes in their views and practice.Thematic analysis of telephone interviews with study paramedic to explore the findings of the online questionnaire. Exploring any changes in views and practice around advanced airway management as a result of participating in the trial; assessing experiences of trial training and enrolling critically unwell patients without consent, and exploring the barriers and facilitators for trial participation and the views of paramedics on the future role of advanced airway management during OHCA.Results and conclusionsThe study is in the analysis phase and is due to complete and report by the 31st January 2019.

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