scholarly journals Gene-environment interactions in face categorisation: experience with a nanny and oxytocin receptor genotype interact to reduce face categorization reaction times

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Jin Yee Neoh ◽  
Peipei Setoh ◽  
Andrea Bizzego ◽  
Moses Tandiono ◽  
Jia Nee Foo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Oxytocin Receptor ◽  
Genetic Group ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Indirect Pathway ◽  
Oxytocin Receptor Gene ◽  
Face Categorization ◽  
Gene Environment

AbstractHuman faces are relevant stimuli that capture attention, provide information about group belonging and elicit automatic prepared responses. While early experiences with other race faces plays a critical role in acquiring face expertise, the exact mechanism through which it exerts its influence is still to be elucidated. In particular, the influence of genetic factors and the role of a multi-ethnic context has not been explored. The aim of this study was to investigate how caregiving experiences with nannies and oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) genotypes interact in regulating other-race categorisation mechanisms in adults. Information about single nucleotide polymorphisms of the OXTR (rs53576) and experiences with own- and other-race nannies was collected from 89 Singaporean adults, who completed a visual categorization task of face stimuli (Chinese or Javanese). Participants were grouped into A/A homozygotes and G-carriers and assigned a score to account for the type of nanny experience. A General Linear Model was used to estimate the effect of nanny experience, genetic group and their interaction on categorization reaction time. A significant main effect of the nanny experience (p<.001) and of the interaction between genetic group and experience (p=.008) was found. Post-hoc analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between nanny experience and reaction time for A/A homozygotes (r=−0.52, p<.001) but no significant correlation for G-carriers. In summary, a significant gene-environment interaction on face categorization was found. This finding appears to represent an indirect pathway through which genes and experiences interact to shape mature social sensitivity in human adults.HighlightsEarly nanny experience interacts with oxytocin receptor genotype in affecting the speed of face categorisation.Individuals with other-race nanny experience show faster categorisation response times. Gene-environment interactions are present in face categorisation.

scholarly journals Gene-environment interactions in other-race face recognition: Early caregiving experience and oxytocin receptor genotype interact to increase speed of other-race categorization

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Jin Yee Neoh ◽  
Setoh Peipei ◽  
Andrea Bizzego ◽  
Moses Tandiono ◽  
Jia Nee Foo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Oxytocin Receptor ◽  
The Other ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Oxytocin Receptor Gene ◽  
Interracial Contact ◽  
Gene Environment Interaction ◽  
Gene Environment

The other-race face recognition deficit is a robust finding in the literature on facial processing in humans. Although previous models of the other-race effect have proposed the role of experience and interracial contact, genetics have not been examined in the context of other-race face recognition. The aim of this study was to investigate the gene-environment interaction between early caregiving experience and oxytocin receptor gene genotypes with other-race face recognition in adults. Eighty-nineSingaporean adults gave information on their early caregiving experiences with own- and other-race caregivers and genotyping of their oxytocin receptor gene (rs53576) was also conducted. Participants completed a visual categorization task where they identified the race of a face (Chinese or Javanese) and their categorization response time was measured. A significant main effect of early caregiving experience was found where reaction time was significantly slower in individuals with no other-racecaregiving experience than individuals with other-race caregiving experience. In addition, only non-G carriers of rs53576 without other-race caregiving experience had a significantly slower reaction time compared to non-G carriers with other-race caregivers. This was not observed in G carriers, indicating a gene-environment interaction. These results highlight the role of early interracial contact on other-race face recognition and its interaction with genetics. Future studies can employ a longitudinaldesign for further insight into this gene-environment interaction across development.

scholarly journals The relation between Oxytocin Receptor Gene polymorphisms, adult attachment and Instagram sociability: an exploratory analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Carollo ◽  
Andrea Bonassi ◽  
Ilaria Cataldo ◽  
Giulio Gabrieli ◽  
Moses Tandiono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Adult Attachment ◽  
Behavioral Genetics ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Oxytocin Receptor ◽  
Oxytocin Receptor Gene ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Receptor Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Oxtr Rs53576 ◽  
Desirability Index

So far literature considered the association between environmental factors (i.e. involved in adult relationships) and genetic vulnerability on Oxytocin Receptor Gene (OXTR) in the comprehension of social behavior. Although an extensive knowledge on in-person social interactions has been obtained, little is known about online social behavior. A gene-environment perspective is adopted to examine how OXTR and adult attachment moderate Instagram behavior. The Experience in Close Relationships-Revised (ECR-R) questionnaire was used to collect participants' (N = 57, 16 males) attachment with their partners. The genetic factors within the regions OXTR rs53576 (A/A homozygotes vs. G-carriers) and rs2254298 (G/G homozygotes vs. A-carriers) were assessed. Number of posts, followed people ("followings") and followers were obtained from Instagram, and the Social Desirability Index was calculated as the ratio of followers to followings. Interaction effects between OXTR groups and ECR-R scores on the number of posts and SDI were hypothesised. Results showed an effect of rs53576 on the number of Instagram followings. Specifically, A/A homozygotes had more followings than G-carriers independently of the quality of the relationship with their partner. These preliminary results are discussed in light of the debate of behavioral genetics and offer insights into future investigations on social media behavior.

scholarly journals Epigenetic dynamics in infancy and the impact of maternal engagement

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. eaay0680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen M. Krol ◽  
Robert G. Moulder ◽  
Travis S. Lillard ◽  
Tobias Grossmann ◽  
Jessica J. Connelly
Keyword(s):  
Human Behavior ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Oxytocin Receptor ◽  
First Year ◽  
Oxytocin Receptor Gene ◽  
Early Environment ◽  
Nature Versus Nurture ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Regulatory Sites

The contribution of nature versus nurture to the development of human behavior has been debated for centuries. Here, we offer a piece to this complex puzzle by identifying the human endogenous oxytocin system—known for its critical role in mammalian sociality—as a system sensitive to its early environment and subject to epigenetic change. Recent animal work suggests that early parental care is associated with changes in DNA methylation of conserved regulatory sites within the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTRm). Through dyadic modeling of behavior and OXTRm status across the first year and a half of life, we translated these findings to 101 human mother-infant dyads. We show that OXTRm is dynamic in infancy and its change is predicted by maternal engagement and reflective of behavioral temperament. We provide evidence for an early window of environmental epigenetic regulation of the oxytocin system, facilitating the emergence of individual differences in human behavior.

scholarly journals The Oxytocin Receptor Gene (OXTR) in Relation to State Levels of Loneliness in Adolescence: Evidence for Micro-Level Gene-Environment Interactions

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. e77689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eeske van Roekel ◽  
Maaike Verhagen ◽  
Ron H. J. Scholte ◽  
Marloes Kleinjan ◽  
Luc Goossens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Oxytocin Receptor ◽  
Oxytocin Receptor Gene ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Micro Level

scholarly journals Social stress and the oxytocin receptor gene interact to predict antisocial behavior in an at-risk cohort

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 309-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica L. Smearman ◽  
D. Anne Winiarski ◽  
Patricia A. Brennan ◽  
Jake Najman ◽  
Katrina C. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Antisocial Behavior ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Oxytocin Receptor ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Oxytocin Receptor Gene

AbstractPolymorphisms in the oxytocin receptor gene are commonly associated with prosocial behaviors in the extant literature, yet their role in antisocial behaviors has rarely been explored, particularly during the transition from adolescence to early adulthood. We examined a prospective cohort (N = 404), collecting youth, mother, and clinician reports of conduct-disordered and antisocial behavior at ages 15 and 20. The oxytocin receptor gene rs53576 polymorphism was hypothesized to interact with social stress to predict antisocial outcomes. Structural equation modeling results revealed a significant main effect at age 15 (p = .025); those with the G allele exhibited higher levels of conduct problems. Structural equation modeling revealed a significant Gene × Environment interaction at age 20 (p = .029); those with the G allele who experienced high social stress exhibited higher levels of antisocial behavior. Heterozygous (AG) grouping models were compared, and parameter estimations supported G dominant groupings. These novel findings suggest that rs53576 polymorphisms may influence social salience and contribute to risk for antisocial outcomes, particularly under conditions of high social stress.

scholarly journals Oxytocin Receptor Gene Polymorphisms and Early Parental Bonding Interact in Shaping Instagram Social Behavior

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Bonassi ◽  
Ilaria Cataldo ◽  
Giulio Gabrieli ◽  
Jia Nee Foo ◽  
Bruno Lepri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Paternal Care ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Parental Bonding ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Indirect Pathway ◽  
Oxytocin Receptor Gene ◽  
Desirability Index

Human beings engage in multiple social interactions daily, both in-person and online. There are, however, individual differences in the frequency and quality of these interactions. This~exploratory study focuses on online interactions and aims to model these differences by looking at potential environmental and genetic factors. The environmental factor is the childhood parental relationship, as reported by the participants in the dimensions of the Parental Bonding Instrument \mbox{(N = 57, 41 females)}. At a genetic level, buccal mucosa cell samples were collected to assess participants' genetic susceptibility, and OXTr regions rs2254298 (G/G homozygotes vs. A-carriers) and rs53576 (A/A homozygotes vs. G-carriers) were analyzed. To capture participants' online activity, Instagram was probed. The number of people that the individual follows (``followings''), followers, and posts were used as a proxy for the quantity of interaction, and a Social Desirability Index (SDI) was computed as the ratio of followers to followings. An interaction between OXTr groups and parental bonding scores on the number of followings and posts was hypothesized. A gene-environment interaction for OXTr/rs2254298 on the number of Instagram posts was identified. In line with the hypothesis, participants with a genetic risk factor (A-carriers) and a history of low paternal care showed fewer Instagram posts than those without this risk factor (G/G genotype). Moreover, an~interaction effect between maternal overprotection and OXTr/rs2254298 on the Instagram SDI was detected. These findings could represent an indirect pathway through which genes and parental behavior interact to shape social interactions on Instagram.

scholarly journals Oxytocin Receptor Gene Polymorphisms and Early Parental Bonding Interact in Shaping Instagram Social Behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (19) ◽  
pp. 7232
Author(s):  
Andrea Bonassi ◽  
Ilaria Cataldo ◽  
Giulio Gabrieli ◽  
Jia N. Foo ◽  
Bruno Lepri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Paternal Care ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Parental Bonding ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Indirect Pathway ◽  
Oxytocin Receptor Gene ◽  
Desirability Index

Human beings engage in multiple social interactions daily, both in person and online. There are, however, individual differences in the frequency and quality of these interactions. This exploratory study focuses on online interactions and aims to model these differences by looking at potential environmental and genetic factors. The environmental factor is the childhood parental relationship, as reported by the participants in the dimensions of the Parental Bonding Instrument (N = 57, 41 females). At a genetic level, buccal mucosa cell samples were collected to assess participants’ genetic susceptibility, and OXTr regions rs2254298 (G/G homozygotes vs. A-carriers) and rs53576 (A/A homozygotes vs. G-carriers) were analyzed. To capture participants’ online activity, Instagram was probed. The number of people that the individual follows (“followings”), followers, and posts were used as a proxy for the quantity of interaction, and a Social Desirability Index (SDI) was computed as the ratio of followers to followings. An interaction between OXTr groups and parental bonding scores on the number of followings and posts was hypothesized. A gene-environment interaction for OXTr/rs2254298 on the number of Instagram posts was identified. In line with the hypothesis, participants with a genetic risk factor (A-carriers) and a history of low paternal care showed fewer Instagram posts than those without this risk factor (G/G genotype). Moreover, an interaction effect between maternal overprotection and OXTr/rs2254298 on the Instagram SDI was detected. These findings could represent an indirect pathway through which genes and parental behavior interact to shape social interactions on Instagram.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document