scholarly journals Improved post-stroke spontaneous recovery by astrocytic extracellular vesicles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yessica Heras-Romero ◽  
Axayacatl Morales-Guadarrama ◽  
Ricardo Santana-Martínez ◽  
Isaac Ponce ◽  
Ruth Rincón-Heredia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Spontaneous Recovery ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Multiphoton Microscopy ◽  
Preclinical Model ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Compound Action Potentials ◽  
Cellular Mediators ◽  
Compound Action

Spontaneous recovery after a stroke accounts for a major part of the neurological recovery in patients. However limited, the spontaneous recovery is mechanistically driven by axonal restorative processes for which several molecular cues have been previously described. We report the acceleration of spontaneous recovery in a preclinical model of ischemia/reperfusion in rats via a single intracerebroventricular administration of extracellular vesicles released from primary cortical astrocytes. We used MRI, confocal and multiphoton microscopy to correlate the structural remodeling of the corpus callosum and striatocortical circuits with neurological performance over 21 days. We also evaluated the functionality of the corpus callosum by repetitive recordings of compound action potentials to show that the recovery facilitated by astrocytic extracellular vesicles was both anatomical and functional. Our data provide compelling evidence that astrocytes can hasten the basal recovery that naturally occurs post-stroke through the release of cellular mediators contained in extracellular vesicles.

scholarly journals A wrappable microwire electrode for awake, chronic interfacing with small diameter autonomic peripheral nerves

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica D. Falcone ◽  
Tristan Liu ◽  
Laura Goldman ◽  
David D. Pogue ◽  
Malgorzata Straka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Action Potentials ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Preclinical Model ◽  
Preclinical Models ◽  
Acute Setting ◽  
Bioelectronic Medicine ◽  
Compound Action Potentials ◽  
Compound Action

Bioelectronic medicine requires the ability to monitor and modulate nerve activity in awake patients over time. The vagus nerve is a promising stimulation target, and preclinical models often use mice. However, an awake, chronic mouse vagus nerve interface has yet to be demonstrated. Here, we developed a functional wrappable microwire electrode to chronically interface with the small diameter mouse cervical vagus nerve (∼100 μm). In an acute setting, the wrappable microwire had similar recording performance to commercially available electrodes. A chronic, awake mouse model was then developed to record spontaneous compound action potentials (CAPs). Viable signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) were obtained from the wrappable microwires between 30 and 60 days (n = 8). Weekly impedance measurements showed no correlation between SNR or time. The wrappable microwires successfully interfaced with small diameter nerves and has been validated in a chronic, awake preclinical model, which can better facilitate clinical translation for bioelectronic medicine.

scholarly journals Improved post-stroke spontaneous recovery by astrocytic extracellular vesicles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yessica Heras-Romero ◽  
Axayacatl Morales-Guadarrama ◽  
Ricardo Santana-Martínez ◽  
Isaac Ponce ◽  
Ruth Rincón-Heredia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Spontaneous Recovery ◽  
Post Stroke

Stretch of mammalian nerve in vitro: Effect on compound action potentials

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidney Ochs ◽  
Rahman Pourmand ◽  
Kenan Si ◽  
Richard N. Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Action Potentials ◽  
Compound Action Potentials ◽  
Vitro Effect ◽  
Mammalian Nerve ◽  
Compound Action

scholarly journals Extracellular vesicles from patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome impact on ischemia-reperfusion injury

2021 ◽  
pp. 105715
Author(s):  
Fabrizio D’Ascenzo ◽  
Saveria Femminò ◽  
Francesco Ravera ◽  
Filippo Angelini ◽  
Andrea Caccioppo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Coronary Syndrome

Extracellular vesicles from three dimensional culture of human placental mesenchymal stem cells ameliorated renal ischemia/reperfusion injury

2021 ◽  
pp. 039139882098680
Author(s):  
Xuefeng Zhang ◽  
Nan Wang ◽  
Yuhua Huang ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Gang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Culture ◽  
Placental Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
2D And 3D

Background: Three-dimensional (3D) culture has been reported to increase the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The present study assessed the therapeutic efficacy of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from 3D cultures of human placental MSCs (hPMSCs) for acute kidney injury (AKI). Methods: The supernatants from monolayer culture (2D) and 3D culture of hPMSCs were ultra-centrifuged for EVs isolation. C57BL/6 male mice were submitted to 45 min bilateral ischemia of kidney, followed by renal intra-capsular administration of EVs within a 72 h reperfusion period. Histological, immunohistochemical, and ELISA analyses of kidney samples were performed to evaluate cell death and inflammation. Kidney function was evaluated by measuring serum creatinine and urea nitrogen. The miRNA expression profiles of EVs from 2D and 3D culture of hPMSCs were evaluated using miRNA microarray analysis. Results: The 3D culture of hPMSCs formed spheroids with different diameters depending on the cell density seeded. The hPMSCs produced significantly more EVs in 3D culture than in 2D culture. More importantly, injection of EVs from 3D culture of hPMSCs into mouse kidney with ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-AKI was more beneficial in protecting from progression of I/R than those from 2D culture. The EVs from 3D culture of hPMSCs were more efficient against apoptosis and inflammation than those from 2D culture, which resulted in a reduction in tissue damage and amelioration of renal function. MicroRNA profiling analysis revealed that a set of microRNAs were significantly changed in EVs from 3D culture of hPMSCs, especially miR-93-5p. Conclusion: The EVs from 3D culture of hPMSCs have therapeutic potential for I/R-AKI.

scholarly journals Site of cochlear stimulation and its effect on electrically evoked compound action potentials using the MED-EL standard electrode array

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Brill ◽  
Joachim Müller ◽  
Rudolf Hagen ◽  
Alexander Möltner ◽  
Steffi-Johanna Brockmeier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Action Potentials ◽  
Electrode Array ◽  
Compound Action Potentials ◽  
Compound Action

Using Evoked Compound Action Potentials to Assess Activation of Electrodes and Predict C-Levels in the Tempo+ Cochlear Implant Speech Processor

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Alvarez ◽  
Angel de la Torre ◽  
Manuel Sainz ◽  
Cristina Roldán ◽  
Hansjoerg Schoesser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Action Potentials ◽  
Speech Processor ◽  
Compound Action Potentials ◽  
Compound Action
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