scholarly journals Multiscale light-sheet organoid imaging framework

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo de Medeiros ◽  
Raphael Ortiz ◽  
Petr Strnad ◽  
Andrea Boni ◽  
Francisca Maurer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Cells ◽  
Light Sheet ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Tissue Integrity ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Lineage Trees ◽  
Scale Control

We present an imaging framework capable of turning long term light-sheet imaging of organoids into digital organoids. The framework takes advantage of deep learning techniques to faithfully segment single organoids, their lumen, cells and nuclei in 3D and over long periods of time. In parallel, large lineage trees for each organoid are predicted and corrected to iteratively improve the tracking and segmentation performances over time. To visualize the extracted information, we developed a web-based 'Digital Organoid Viewer' that allows a unique understanding of the multivariate and multiscale data by linking 2D lineage trees with the corresponding 3D segmentation meshes. We also backtracked single cells of interest after fixation obtaining detailed information about their history within the entire organoid context. Furthermore, we show nuclei merging events that arise from cytokinesis failure and that these polyploid never reside in the intestinal crypt, hinting at a tissue scale control and feedback on cellular fidelity. Molecularly, these cytokinesis failures depend on a regenerative state of the organoids and are regulated by Lats1 and RXR and we propose a model of tissue integrity by multi-scale check points. This discovery sheds light on the robustness of a regenerative YAP cellular state, questioning the role of polyploidy in intestinal regeneration.

scholarly journals Snus cessation patterns - a long-term follow-up of snus users in Sweden

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tove Sohlberg ◽  
Peter Wennberg
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Psychological Benefits ◽  
Professional Help ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Configural Frequency Analysis ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Former Smokers

Abstract Background Several studies have investigated the role of snus as an aid to become smoke-free, but few have focused on who use snus, how they perceive snus use, why and how they quit, and their perception of being non-snus users. The purpose of this paper is to describe snus cessation patterns. Methods Respondents are part of a 7-year follow-up of former smokers in Sweden. Initially, 1400 respondents were contacted regarding participation and 705 answered a web-based survey (response rate 50%). Out of them, 118 had used snus. The analyses include percentage distributions, as well as factor analyses of inventories, and configural frequency analysis in order to examine configurations of snus-related patterns. Results Over 80% found snus of great importance to succeed with smoking cessation and half of them continued to use snus on a long term. Those who experienced both physical and psychological effects of switching to snus were the ones who continued and vice versa; those who did not experience such effects quit using snus. None made use of professional help but had their own strategies (60%), and most respondents who quit obtained psychological benefits (68%). Conclusions The distinction between the concepts smoke-free, tobacco-free, and nicotine-free contributes to nuances in the debate on snus as harm reduction. Continued snus use does not mean that snus is not an effective aid to become smoke-free. Snus cessation is mostly mentioned in relation to advices on how to succeed, but the cessation process has rarely been described; therefore, this study expands the knowledge on this quite neglected topic and contributes to a more nuanced picture of snus cessation.

scholarly journals Improving Communication System for Vehicle-to-Everything Networks by Using 5G Technology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarik Adnan Almohamad ◽  
Muhammet Tahir Güneşer ◽  
Mohd Nazri Mahmud ◽  
Cihat Şeker
Keyword(s):  
Communication Systems ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Wireless Communication Systems ◽  
Identification Schemes ◽  
Vehicle To Vehicle ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Vehicle To Infrastructure

Next-generations of wireless communication systems (5G scheme & beyond) are rapidly evolving in the contemporary life. These schemes could propose vital solutions for many existing challenges in various aspects of our lives, eventually to ensure stable communications. Such challenges are even greater when it comes to address ubiquitous coverage and steady interconnection performance in fast mobile vehicles (i.e., trains or airplanes) where certainly blind spots exist. As an early initiative, the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has proposed a regulation for Long Term Evolution (LTE)-based Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) network in order to offer solid solutions for V2X interconnections. V2X term should comprise the following terminologies: vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-network (V2N) communications, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), and vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P). Superior V2X communications have a promising potential to improve efficiency, road safety, security, the accessibility of infotainment services (any service of user-interface exists inside a vehicle). In this chapter, the aforementioned topics will be addressed. In addition, the chapter will open the door on investigating the role of wireless cooperative and automatic signal identification schemes in V2X networks, and shedding light on the machine learning techniques (i.e, Support Vector Machines (SVMs), Deep Neural Networks (DNNs)) when they meet with the next-generations of wireless networks.

scholarly journals PERANCANGAN PIRANTI LUNAK RESPONSIVE UNTUK MONITORING RUANGAN SERVER MENGUNAKAN NODEMCU ESP8266 BERBASIS INTERNET OF THINGS

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-277
Author(s):  
M. Safii ◽  
Novi Indrayani
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Data Usage ◽  
And Control ◽  
Continuous Use ◽  
The Impact

The role of the server is very important as a data service provider and control for an office that has a very large data usage and control system. This can also affect the temperature in the server room which has computer devices and other control systems because of its continuous use. The impact of temperature that is outside of its tolerance value due to the dead air conditioner without being noticed by the officer or server operator can result in damage to the hardware devices in the server room. Monitoring and measuring server room temperature is not possible to be done directly and accurately in all conditions due to several inhibiting factors in obtaining temperature information. With these problems, a temperature monitoring prototype was built using node MCU ESP 2866 and DHT 21 sensor with responsive web-based software so that it can be easily seen on various PC and smartphone monitors. This software can be used in server rooms to provide room temperature information to operators or server officers. The long-term objective of this research is expected to provide information Real-time temperature conditions in a responsive web-based server room.

scholarly journals B cell dissemination patterns during the germinal center reaction revealed by whole-organ imaging

2019 ◽  
Vol 216 (11) ◽  
pp. 2515-2530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liat Stoler-Barak ◽  
Adi Biram ◽  
Natalia Davidzohn ◽  
Yoseph Addadi ◽  
Ofra Golani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Light Sheet ◽  
Germinal Center Reaction ◽  
Cell Positioning ◽  
Cell Dissemination ◽  
Light Sheet Fluorescence Microscopy

Germinal centers (GCs) are sites wherein B cells proliferate and mutate their immunoglobulins in the dark zone (DZ), followed by affinity-based selection in the light zone (LZ). Here, we mapped the location of single B cells in the context of intact lymph nodes (LNs) throughout the GC response, and examined the role of BCR affinity in dictating their position. Imaging of entire GC structures and proximal single cells by light-sheet fluorescence microscopy revealed that individual B cells that previously expressed AID are located within the LN cortex, in an area close to the GC LZ. Using in situ photoactivation, we demonstrated that B cells migrate from the LZ toward the GC outskirts, while DZ B cells are confined to the GC. B cells expressing very-low-affinity BCRs formed GCs but were unable to efficiently disperse within the follicles. Our findings reveal that BCR affinity regulates B cell positioning during the GC response.

scholarly journals Role of Multi-Scale Microstructure in the Degradation of Al Wire for Power Transmission

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2234
Author(s):  
Rui Li ◽  
Hanzhong Liu ◽  
Heng Ma ◽  
Jiapeng Hou ◽  
Liqun Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Strength Degradation ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Grain Width

As common conductive materials, Al wires are used on overhead transmission lines under long-term heating conditions. In this study, the strength degradation behavior and the strength-electrical conductivity relation of the commercially pure Al wires (CPAWs) and the Al-Fe wires (AFWs) annealed at various temperatures were investigated based on the microstructure evolution. The strength degradation rate of the AFW is always higher than that of the CPAW. A linear trade-off relation between strength and electrical conductivity for the annealed Al wires are clarified. The results reveal that the mechanisms behind the trade-off relation between the strength and the electrical conductivity for the annealed CPAWs and the annealed AFWs are the recovery of dislocations and the obvious increase of grain width, which leads to the decrease of strength and the increase of electrical conductivity. The coalescence of precipitate in the AFW leads to the obvious decrease of strength, which results in the higher strength degradation rate for the AFW as compared with that for the CPAW. Consequently, the principle of microstructure design for anti-degradation of Al wire is presented.

Abusive head trauma (AHT) outcome at long-term follow-up and the role of elective neurosurgical approach: A report of 22 cases

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Menegazzo ◽  
Melissa Rosa Rizzotto ◽  
Martina Bua ◽  
Luisa Pinello ◽  
Elisabetta Tono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head Trauma ◽  
Abusive Head Trauma ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

The Second Start of Transformation in Ukraine?

2014 ◽  
pp. 30-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Grigoryev ◽  
E. Buryak ◽  
A. Golyashev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Institutional Reforms ◽  
Personal Consumption ◽  
Governance Quality ◽  
Political Turmoil

The Ukrainian socio-economic crisis has been developing for years and resulted in the open socio-political turmoil and armed conflict. The Ukrainian population didn’t meet objectives of the post-Soviet transformation, and people were disillusioned for years, losing trust in the state and the Future. The role of workers’ remittances in the Ukrainian economy is underestimated, since the personal consumption and stability depend strongly on them. Social inequality, oligarchic control of key national assets contributed to instability as well as regional disparity, aggravated by identity differences. Economic growth is slow due to a long-term underinvestment, and prospects of improvement are dependent on some difficult institutional reforms, macro stability, open external markets and the elites’ consensus. Recovering after socio-economic and political crisis will need not merely time, but also governance quality improvement, institutions reform, the investment climate revival - that can be attributed as the second transformation in Ukraine.

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