Neck motor unit activity displays neural signatures of temporal control during sequential saccade planning

Goal-directed behavior involves the transformation of neural movement plans into appropriate muscle activity patterns. Studies involving single saccades have shown that a rapid, direct pathway links saccade planning in frontal eye fields (FEF) to neck muscle activity. It is unknown if the rapid connection between FEF and neck muscle is maintained during sequential saccade planning. We show that sequence planning signals in the FEF are preserved in the neck EMG, although the activity is delayed specifically for the second saccade. Our results suggest that while the direct link between FEF and neck muscle facilitates downstream continuation of FEF response patterns, an indirect route exists through an inhibitory control center like the basal ganglia, limiting the information flow during processing of saccade sequences. Thus, the indirect and direct pathways from the FEF may function together to enable rapid synchronous, but controlled eye-head responses to sequential gaze shifts.

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Needle emg registration of striated urethral wall and pelvic floor muscle activity patterns during cough, valsalva, abdominal, hip adductor, and gluteal muscle contractions in nulliparous healthy females

Neurourology and Urodynamics ◽

10.1002/nau.1930130106 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 35-41 ◽

Cited By ~ 146

Author(s):

K. Bø ◽

R. Stien

Keyword(s):

Pelvic Floor ◽

Muscle Activity ◽

Pelvic Floor Muscle ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Muscle Contractions ◽

Gluteal Muscle ◽

Urethral Wall ◽

Healthy Females

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The C-start escape response ofPolypterus senegalus: bilateral muscle activity and variation during stage 1 and 2

Journal of Experimental Biology ◽

10.1242/jeb.205.17.2591 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 205 (17) ◽

pp. 2591-2603 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Eric D. Tytell ◽

George V. Lauder

Keyword(s):

Muscle Activity ◽

Escape Response ◽

High Speed ◽

Wave Speed ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Motor Pattern ◽

The Body ◽

Wide Range ◽

Fast Start ◽

Stage 1

SUMMARYThe fast-start escape response is the primary reflexive escape mechanism in a wide phylogenetic range of fishes. To add detail to previously reported novel muscle activity patterns during the escape response of the bichir, Polypterus, we analyzed escape kinematics and muscle activity patterns in Polypterus senegalus using high-speed video and electromyography (EMG). Five fish were filmed at 250 Hz while synchronously recording white muscle activity at five sites on both sides of the body simultaneously (10 sites in total). Body wave speed and center of mass velocity, acceleration and curvature were calculated from digitized outlines. Six EMG variables per channel were also measured to characterize the motor pattern. P. senegalus shows a wide range of activity patterns, from very strong responses, in which the head often touched the tail, to very weak responses. This variation in strength is significantly correlated with the stimulus and is mechanically driven by changes in stage 1 muscle activity duration. Besides these changes in duration, the stage 1 muscle activity is unusual because it has strong bilateral activity, although the observed contralateral activity is significantly weaker and shorter in duration than ipsilateral activity. Bilateral activity may stiffen the body, but it does so by a constant amount over the variation we observed; therefore, P. senegalus does not modulate fast-start wave speed by changing body stiffness. Escape responses almost always have stage 2 contralateral muscle activity, often only in the anterior third of the body. The magnitude of the stage 2 activity is the primary predictor of final escape velocity.

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Influence of dual tasking and kinesiophobia on sensorimotor control and muscle activity patterns in patients with nonspecific chronic LBP compared to controls without LBP

Manual Therapy ◽

10.1016/j.math.2016.05.128 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 25 ◽

pp. e78-e79

Author(s):

P. Vaes ◽

J. Van De Gucht ◽

A. Loots ◽

K. Vermeiren ◽

S. Lagrin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Activity ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Sensorimotor Control ◽

Dual Tasking

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Backpack load affects lower limb muscle activity patterns of female hikers during prolonged load carriage

Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology ◽

10.1016/j.jelekin.2011.05.012 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 21 (5) ◽

pp. 782-788 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Katrina M. Simpson ◽

Bridget J. Munro ◽

Julie R. Steele

Keyword(s):

Lower Limb ◽

Muscle Activity ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Load Carriage ◽

Lower Limb Muscle ◽

Limb Muscle ◽

Backpack Load

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Data-driven filtration and segmentation of mesoscale neural dynamics

10.1101/2020.12.30.424865 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sydney C. Weiser ◽

Brian R. Mullen ◽

Desiderio Ascencio ◽

James B. Ackman

Keyword(s):

Time Series ◽

Information Flow ◽

Background Noise ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Data Driven ◽

Neural Dynamics ◽

Cortical Surface ◽

Cerebral Function ◽

Spatial Segmentation ◽

Video Recordings

Recording neuronal group activity across the cortical hemispheres from awake, behaving mice is essential for understanding information flow across cerebral networks. Video recordings of cerebral function comes with challenges, including optical and movement-associated vessel artifacts, and limited references for time series extraction. Here we present a data-driven workflow that isolates artifacts from calcium activity patterns, and segments independent functional units across the cortical surface. Independent Component Analysis utilizes the statistical interdependence of pixel activation to completely unmix signals from background noise, given sufficient spatial and temporal samples. We also utilize isolated signal components to produce segmentations of the cortical surface, unique to each individual’s functional patterning. Time series extraction from these maps maximally represent the underlying signal in a highly compressed format. These improved techniques for data pre-processing, spatial segmentation, and time series extraction result in optimal signals for further analysis.

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Transformation from independent to integrative coding of multi-object arrangements in human visual cortex

10.1101/117432 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Daniel Kaiser ◽

Marius V. Peelen

Keyword(s):

Visual Cortex ◽

Visual System ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Spatial Arrangement ◽

Living Room ◽

Natural Scenes ◽

Response Patterns ◽

Object Representations ◽

Individual Object ◽

Object Coding

AbstractTo optimize processing, the human visual system utilizes regularities present in naturalistic visual input. One of these regularities is the relative position of objects in a scene (e.g., a sofa in front of a television), with behavioral research showing that regularly positioned objects are easier to perceive and to remember. Here we use fMRI to test how positional regularities are encoded in the visual system. Participants viewed pairs of objects that formed minimalistic two-object scenes (e.g., a “living room” consisting of a sofa and television) presented in their regularly experienced spatial arrangement or in an irregular arrangement (with interchanged positions). Additionally, single objects were presented centrally and in isolation. Multi-voxel activity patterns evoked by the object pairs were modeled as the average of the response patterns evoked by the two single objects forming the pair. In two experiments, this approximation in object-selective cortex was significantly less accurate for the regularly than the irregularly positioned pairs, indicating integration of individual object representations. More detailed analysis revealed a transition from independent to integrative coding along the posterior-anterior axis of the visual cortex, with the independent component (but not the integrative component) being almost perfectly predicted by object selectivity across the visual hierarchy. These results reveal a transitional stage between individual object and multi-object coding in visual cortex, providing a possible neural correlate of efficient processing of regularly positioned objects in natural scenes.

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