scholarly journals COPD lungs show an attached stratified mucus layer resembling the protective colonic mucus

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Antoni Fernández-Blanco ◽  
Liisa Arike ◽  
Anna Ermund ◽  
Dalia Fakih ◽  
Ana M. Rodríguez-Piñeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Mucus Layer ◽  
Cell Hyperplasia ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients

AbstractThe respiratory tract is normally kept essentially free of bacteria by cilia-mediated mucus transport, but in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cystic fibrosis (CF) mucus accumulates due to goblet cell hyperplasia and mucin overexpression. To address mechanisms behind the mucus accumulation, the elastase-induced mouse model was utilized. The proteomes of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from elastase-induced mice and COPD patients showed similarities to each other and to colonic mucus. Lung mucus showed a striated, laminated appearance in the elastase-induced mice, COPD and CF, resembling that observed for colonic mucus. Less mucus obstruction was observed in mice lacking the Muc5b mucin. The accumulated mucus plugs of the elastase-induced mice were possible to wash out, but a mucus layer covering the epithelium remained attached to the surface goblet cells also after hypertonic saline washings as widely used in CF therapy. The results suggest that the lung can convert its mucus system into an attached mucus layer that protects the epithelium, similarly to the colon.

scholarly journals Herbal Formula, PM014, Attenuates Lung Inflammation in a Murine Model of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyojung Lee ◽  
Youngeun Kim ◽  
Hye Jin Kim ◽  
Soojin Park ◽  
Young Pyo Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Lung Inflammation ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Herbal Formula ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which is characterized by airway obstruction, leads to, as the two major forms of COPD, chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of herbal formula, PM014, in a murine model of COPD. Balb/c mice were treated once with each herb extract in PM014 or PM014 mixture via an oral injection. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or elastase/LPS were administrated to the mice to induce a disease that resembles COPD. PM014 treatment significantly attenuated the increased accumulation of immune cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) compared to control mice. In addition, the TNF-αand IL-6 levels in BALF were decreased in the PM014 mice. Furthermore, histological analysis demonstrated that PM014 attenuated the hazardous effects of lung inflammation. These data suggest that PM014 exerts beneficial effects against forms of COPD such as lung inflammation.

scholarly journals Secretory Leucocyte Protease Inhibitor Inhibits Interferon-γ-induced Cathepsin S Expression

2007 ◽  
Vol 282 (46) ◽  
pp. 33389-33395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Geraghty ◽  
Catherine M. Greene ◽  
Michael O'Mahony ◽  
Shane J. O'Neill ◽  
Clifford C. Taggart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Protease Inhibitor ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Secretory Leukocyte Protease Inhibitor ◽  
Cathepsin S ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

We have demonstrated that bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients contains higher levels of interferon-γ compared with controls. Interferon-γ is a potent inducer of various cathepsins and matrix metalloproteases. Therefore, we postulated that interferon-γ could induce protease expression by macrophages in acute and chronic lung disease. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients had greater levels of cathepsin S and matrix metalloprotease-12 in their bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Macrophages incubated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease bronchoalveolar lavage fluid exhibited increased expression of cathepsin S and matrix metalloprotease-12, which was inhibited by the addition of interferon-γ-neutralizing immunoglobulin. Human secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor is an 11.7-kDa cationic non-glycosylated antiprotease synthesized and secreted by cells at the site of inflammation. We have demonstrated that secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor can inhibit interferon-γ-induced cathepsin S production by macrophages. Pretreatment of macrophages with secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor inhibited interferon-γ-induced inhibitor κB β degradation and activation of nuclear factor κB. Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor may prove to be therapeutically important as a potential inhibitor of protease expression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequence of Bacillus obstructivus VT-16-70 Isolated from the Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid of a Patient with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Tetz ◽  
George Tetz
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Draft Genome Sequence ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

ABSTRACT We report here the draft genome sequence of Bacillus obstructivus VT-16-70, a novel spore-forming bacterium isolated from the lungs of a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The genome comprised 5,220,753 bp, with 35.2% G+C content. There were 4,972 predicted protein-coding genes, including those associated with antibiotic resistance and virulence.

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