scholarly journals Mushroom body-specific profiling of gene expression identifies regulators of long-term memory in Drosophila

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves F Widmer ◽  
Adem Bilican ◽  
Rémy Bruggmann ◽  
Simon G Sprecher
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Mushroom Body ◽  
Memory Formation ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Transcriptional Program ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
New Genes ◽  
Memory Traces

AbstractMemory formation is achieved by genetically tightly controlled molecular pathways that result in a change of synaptic strength and synapse organization. While for short-term memory traces rapidly acting biochemical pathways are in place, the formation of long-lasting memories requires changes in the transcriptional program of a cell. Although many genes involved in learning and memory formation have been identified, little is known about the genetic mechanisms required for changing the transcriptional program during different phases of long-term memory formation. With Drosophila melanogaster as a model system we profiled transcriptomic changes in the mushroom body, a memory center in the fly brain, at distinct time intervals during long-term memory formation using the targeted DamID technique. We describe the gene expression profiles during these phases and tested 33 selected candidate genes for deficits in long-term memory formation using RNAi knockdown. We identified 10 genes that enhance or decrease memory when knocked-down in the mushroom body. For vajk-1 and hacd1, the two strongest hits, we gained further support for their crucial role in learning and forgetting. These findings show that profiling gene expression changes in specific cell-types harboring memory traces provides a powerful entry point to identify new genes involved in learning and memory. The presented transcriptomic data may further be used as resource to study genes acting at different memory phases.

scholarly journals Drosophila ORB protein in two mushroom body output neurons is necessary for long-term memory formation

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (19) ◽  
pp. 7898-7903 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.-P. Pai ◽  
C.-C. Chen ◽  
H.-H. Lin ◽  
A.-L. Chin ◽  
J. S.-Y. Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mushroom Body ◽  
Memory Formation ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Output Neurons

scholarly journals New Insights on Retrieval-Induced and Ongoing Memory Consolidation: Lessons from Arc

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Pascal Morin ◽  
Kioko Guzmán-Ramos ◽  
Federico Bermudez-Rattoni
Keyword(s):  
Memory Consolidation ◽  
Memory Formation ◽  
Mammalian Brain ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Memory Traces ◽  
Initial Acquisition ◽  
Molecular Events ◽  
Trace Model

The mainstream view on the neurobiological mechanisms underlying memory formation states that memory traces reside on the network of cells activated during initial acquisition that becomes active again upon retrieval (reactivation). These activation and reactivation processes have been called “conjunctive trace.” This process implies that singular molecular events must occur during acquisition, strengthening the connection between the implicated cells whose synchronous activity must underlie subsequent reactivations. The strongest experimental support for the conjunctive trace model comes from the study of immediate early genes such as c-fos, zif268, and activity-regulated cytoskeletal-associated protein. The expressions of these genes are reliably induced by behaviorally relevant neuronal activity and their products often play a central role in long-term memory formation. In this review, we propose that the peculiar characteristics of Arc protein, such as its optimal expression after ongoing experience or familiar behavior, together with its versatile and central functions in synaptic plasticity could explain how familiarization and recognition memories are stored and preserved in the mammalian brain.

scholarly journals Mg2+ Block of Drosophila NMDA Receptors Is Required for Long-Term Memory Formation and CREB-Dependent Gene Expression

Neuron ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 887-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoyuki Miyashita ◽  
Yoshiaki Oda ◽  
Junjiro Horiuchi ◽  
Jerry C.P. Yin ◽  
Takako Morimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Nmda Receptors ◽  
Memory Formation ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory

scholarly journals Learning-induced gene expression in the heads of two Nasonia species that differ in long-term memory formation

BMC Genomics ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja M Hoedjes ◽  
Hans M Smid ◽  
Elio GWM Schijlen ◽  
Louise EM Vet ◽  
Joke JFA van Vugt
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Memory Formation ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory

scholarly journals Dynamical Mechanisms for Gene Regulation Mediated by Two Noncoding RNAs in Long-Term Memory Formation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Lijie Hao ◽  
Zhuoqin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Network Motif ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Memory Formation ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Motif Model

Noncoding RNAs such as miRNAs and piRNAs have long-lasting effects on the regulation of gene expression involved in long-term synaptic changes. To characterize gene regulation mediated by small noncoding RNAs associated with long-term memory in Aplysia, we consider two noncoding RNAs stimulated by 5-HT into a gene regulatory network motif model, including miR-124 that binds to and inhibits the mRNA of CREB1 and piR-F that facilitates serotonin-dependent DNA methylation to lead to repression of CREB2. Codimension-1 and -2 bifurcation analyses of 5-HT regulating both miR-124 and piR-F and a negative feedback strength for oscillation reveal rich dynamical properties of bistability and oscillations robust to variations in all other parameters. More importantly, we verify three stimulus protocols of 5-HT in experiments by our model and find that application of five pulses of 5-HT leads to a transient decrease of miR-124 but increase of piR-F concentrations, which matters sustained high level of CREB1 concentration associated with long-term memory. Furthermore, we perform bifurcation analyses for the concentrations of miR-124 and piR-F as two parameters to explore dynamical mechanisms underlying the epigenetic regulation in long-term memory formation. This study provides insights into revealing regulatory roles of epigenetic changes in gene expression involving noncoding RNAs associated with synaptic plasticity.

scholarly journals Transcription Factors in Long-Term Memory and Synaptic Plasticity

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina M. Alberini
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Memory Formation ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Molecular Neuroscience ◽  
And Function ◽  
Expression Evidence

Transcription is a molecular requisite for long-term synaptic plasticity and long-term memory formation. Thus, in the last several years, one main interest of molecular neuroscience has been the identification of families of transcription factors that are involved in both of these processes. Transcription is a highly regulated process that involves the combined interaction and function of chromatin and many other proteins, some of which are essential for the basal process of transcription, while others control the selective activation or repression of specific genes. These regulated interactions ultimately allow a sophisticated response to multiple environmental conditions, as well as control of spatial and temporal differences in gene expression. Evidence based on correlative changes in expression, genetic mutations, and targeted molecular inhibition of gene expression have shed light on the function of transcription in both synaptic plasticity and memory formation. This review provides a brief overview of experimental work showing that several families of transcription factors, including CREB, C/EBP, Egr, AP-1, and Rel, have essential functions in both processes. The results of this work suggest that patterns of transcription regulation represent the molecular signatures of long-term synaptic changes and memory formation.

Retrieval from Memory or Procedural Strategies for Addition Problems

2011 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muriel Fanget ◽  
Catherine Thevenot ◽  
Caroline Castel ◽  
Michel Fayol
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Times ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Verbal Reports ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Simple Addition ◽  
Memory Traces ◽  
Addition Problem ◽  
Retrieval From Memory ◽  
Calculation Procedures

In this study, we used a paradigm recently developed ( Thevenot, Fanget, & Fayol, 2007 ) to determine whether 10-year-old children solve simple addition problems by retrieval of the answer from long-term memory or by calculation procedures. Our paradigm is unique in that it does not rely on reaction times or verbal reports, which are known to potentially bias the results, especially in children. Rather, it takes advantage of the fact that calculation procedures degrade the memory traces of the operands, so that it is more difficult to recognize them when they have been involved in the solution of an addition problem by calculation rather than by retrieval. The present study sharpens the current conclusions in the literature and shows that, when the sum of addition problems is up to 10, children mainly use retrieval, but when it is greater than 10, they mainly use calculation procedures.

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