scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and C among Healthcare Workers in Dutse Metropolis Jigawa State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.M. Sani ◽  
I. Bitrus ◽  
A.M. Sarki ◽  
N.S. Mujahid
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Chromatographic Technique ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Sub Saharan

AbstractHepatitis is one of the neglected infectious diseases in sub Saharan Africa and most of the available data is based on blood donors. Health care workers (HCWs) often get infected as a result of their close contact with patients. A cross sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B and C among this group of professionals with a view to improving the quality of care to their patients. Hepatitis B and C infections pose a major public health problem worldwide. While infection is highest in the developing world particularly Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, healthcare workers are at higher risk of acquiring blood-borne viral infections, particularly Hepatitis B and C which are mostly asymptomatic. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of Hepatitis B and C infections and associated risk factors among health care workers in Dutse Metropolis, Jigawa State - Nigeria. A standard rapid immuno-chromatographic technique i.e. rapid ELISA was used to screen all sera for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and Hepatitis C viral antibody (HCVAb) respectively. Strips containing coated antibodies and antigens to HBV and HCV respectively were removed from the foil. Strips were labeled according to samples. Using a separate disposable pipette, 2 drops of the sample (plasma) were added into each test strip and allowed to run across the absorbent pad. Results were read after 15 minutes. The prevalence of HBV and HCV infection in 100 healthcare workers was determined by testing the plasma collected from the clients during their normal checkup using HBsAg and HCVAb test strips. Results were subjected to statistical analysis using chi-square test. The prevalence of HBV among HCWs was 19 out of 100 (19.0%) and that of HCV was 5 out of 100 (5.0%) where in both cases, higher prevalence was observed among female nurses. It was also observed that all HCV positive cases were recorded among nurses only. The study revealed that nurses are at greater risk of contracting HBV and HCV due to their frequent contact with patients. It is therefore recommended that effective vaccination and other infection control measures be encouraged among healthcare workers.

scholarly journals Establishing Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Services in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Survey of Suggestions Made by Health Care Workers in Cross River State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 944-948
Author(s):  
Queeneth Ndukwe Kalu ◽  
Oboko Oboko Oku ◽  
Ini-Abasi Udo Ilori
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Capacity Building ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Sub Saharan

BACKGROUND: Rising trend in Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) in developing countries often result in sudden death, which are largely preventable through effective cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Most communities in Sub-Saharan Africa, however, lack access to CPR services, due to a deficiency in requirements for the establishment of such services. These requirements can be grouped into a triad of awareness, infrastructure and capacity building.AIM: This study was aimed at assessing the perceived need and recommendations for improvement in CPR services in Cross River State.METHODS: Proportionate sampling was used to recruit healthcare workers in this cross-sectional study. Data was obtained using semi-structured open-ended questionnaire consisting of recommendations for improving CPR services. Responses were coded and grouped into three essential areas. Data were entered and analysed using SPSS version 20.0.RESULT: Two hundred and twenty-nine (229) questionnaires were completed; mean age of respondents was 42.1 ± 11.2 years. The commonest cadre of healthcare worker was nurses (135, 59.0%). One, two, and three areas of suggestions were made by 55.5%, 37.1%, and 7.4% of respondents, respectively. Suggestions included training of health care workers on CPR (111, 48.5%) and provision of resuscitation equipment (95, 41.5%). Sixty-five respondents (29.3%) recommended creating awareness and means of contact, while some respondents recommended capacity building (132, 57.6%) and resuscitation infrastructure set-up (149, 65.1%).CONCLUSION: Healthcare workers perceive an urgent need for the establishment of CPR services in our health facilities and communities. There is need to address the triad of awareness, infrastructure and capacity building for the establishment of CPR services peculiar to Sub-Saharan Africa.

scholarly journals Peritoneal Dialysis in Cape Town, South Africa

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikechi G. Okpechi ◽  
Brian L. Rayner ◽  
Charles R. Swanepoel
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Cape Town ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Care Workers

BackgroundChronic kidney disease is a major public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), which encompasses 70% of the least-developed countries in the world. Most people in SSA have no access to any form of renal replacement therapy (RRT). Given its ease of performance and patient independence, peritoneal dialysis (PD) should be an ideal form of RRT in SSA, but several complex and interdependent factors make PD a difficult option in SSA. The present review describes the practice of PD in SSA, with emphasis on Cape Town, South Africa.Methods and ResultsAfter a review of the recent PubMed literature on RRT in SSA and an appraisal of nephrology practice in South Africa, factors that make the provision of RRT (especially PD) a challenge in SSA include the low number of qualified health care workers, socio-demographic issues (poor housing, electricity, and water supplies), and the cost of PD fluids in the region. Although South Africa has the largest PD population in all of SSA, the growth of PD in South Africa is specifically impeded by the system of RRT rationing, which favors HD; the methods of funding for dialysis and for remuneration of doctors in private practice; and many other socio-economic factors. The peritonitis rate remains relatively high, and it is a significant contributor to morbidity in PD patients in Cape Town.ConclusionsIn many parts of SSA, PD could be the main dialysis modality. However, African governments must start taking responsibility for their people by providing adequate funds for renal replacement programs. Attempts to produce PD fluids locally and to train and educate health care workers will greatly improve the use of PD as a RRT option in SSA.

scholarly journals Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice of health care workers towards Hepatitis B in Kabul, Afghanistan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohullah Roien ◽  
Sayed Hamid Mousavi ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Delshad ◽  
Fatemeh Pourhaji
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Abstract Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major public health problem worldwide. Health care workers are at high risk of obtaining HBV infection due to direct interaction with HBV-infected blood and body fluids in their workplace.Objective: The purpose of this research was to assess KAP of Health care workers towards Hepatitis B infection in Kabul.Methods: this cross-sectional study was conducted between November, 2018 and January; 2019 among 502 health care workers using simple random sampling method. The tool for data collection was a self-administered structured questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 16.00.Results: The overall knowledge, attitude and practice score of HCWs were 86.58%, 34.73% and 61.22% respectively. Most of participants correctly identified HBV transmissions. Health care workers with higher education level, showed good knowledge than those with low educational level (p < 0.0001). The majority of the participants had a poor attitude towards HBV prevention (53.98%). only 77.45% of participants had been screened for HBV and 56.37% of participants had been vaccinated against HBV, only 5.17% had completed three doses of vaccine.Conclusion: The finding of our study shows that health care workers in Kabul, are at higher risk of acquiring HBV infection due to low vaccination coverage and poor preventive practice. We recommend that free and compulsory vaccination, awareness and encouraging programs should be provided for all health care workers in order to increase favorable attitude and effective preventive measures for HBV infections.

scholarly journals Will Universal Access to Antiretroviral Therapy Ever be Possible? The Health Care Worker Challenge

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. e64-e69 ◽  
Author(s):  
André R Maddison ◽  
Walter F Schlech
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Health Care Worker ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Development Goal ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Care Worker

The United Nations millennium development goal of providing universal access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) for patients living with HIV/AIDS by 2010 is unachievable. Currently, four million people are receiving ART, of an estimated 13.7 million who need it. A major challenge to achieving this goal is the shortage of health care workers in low-income and low-resource areas of the world. Sub-Saharan African countries have 68% of the world’s burden of illness from AIDS, yet have only 3% of health care workers worldwide. The shortage of health care providers is primarily caused by a national and international ‘brain drain,’ poor distribution of health care workers within countries, and health care worker burnout.Even though the millennium development goal to provide universal access to ART will not be met by 2010, it is imperative to continue to build on the momentum created by these humanitarian goals. The present literature review was written with the purpose of attracting research and policy attention toward evidence from small-scale projects in sub-Saharan Africa, which have been successful at increasing access to ART. Specifically, a primary-care model of ART delivery, which focuses on decentralization of services, task shifting and community involvement will be discussed. To improve the health care worker shortage in sub-Saharan Africa, the conventional model of health care delivery must be replaced with an innovative model that utilizes doctors, nurses and community members more effectively.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of ebolavirus disease (EVD) and occupational EVD in health care workers in Sub-Saharan Africa: Need for strengthened public health preparedness

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 455-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nlandu Roger Ngatu ◽  
Ntumba Jean-Marie Kayembe ◽  
Elayne Kornblatt Phillips ◽  
Joa Okech-Ojony ◽  
Masika Patou-Musumari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Public Health Preparedness ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals Roles and Expectations of Male Partners from PMTCT services in Chiradzulu Malawi: A Qualitative Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice M'baya Kansinjiro ◽  
Alinane Linda Nyondo-Mipando
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Health Facility ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Male Involvement ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Male Partners ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background: Prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) is the main measure for curbing HIV infection in children. Male involvement (MI) greatly influences uptake and adherence to PMTCT services yet the level remain low in Sub Saharan Africa. Lack of well stipulated roles for men in PMTCT is one of the main barriers to MI. Studies on MI have focused on women and Health care workers (HCW), thereby making men silent partners. The main aim of the study was to explore the roles and expectations of male partners in PMTCT services in Malawi. Methods: This was a descriptive qualitative study that involved men whose partners were either pregnant or breastfeeding a child, health care workers working in PMTCT services for over six months and traditional leaders. We conducted 9 in-depth interviews and 12 key informant interviews from January to March 2018. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and translated. Thematic analysis was employed to analyze data. Results: Male partners play supportive, HIV prevention behaviour change and decision-making roles in PMTCT services. Health assessment and health promotion activities are the male specific services required in PMTCT services and these should be delivered at both health facility and community levels. Conclusion : Male partners in PMTCT have expectations that need to be met at both health facility and community levels. There is need to have male-tailored package of health services that are directly provided to men along with PMTCT services at different levels in order to promote MI. The services should be provided in an atmosphere that allows and accepts male partners to exercise their roles in PMTCT services.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B and C virus infection among healthcare workers in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Atlaw ◽  
Biniyam Sahiledengle ◽  
Zerihun Tariku
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Care Workers

Abstract Background Healthcare workers are at risk of acquiring hepatitis B and C virus infections through patients’ blood and bodily fluids exposure. So far, there is no pooled data that shows the prevalence of HBV and HCV among health care workers in Africa. This study aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of hepatitis B and C infections among health care workers in Africa. Methods Studies reporting the prevalence of HBV and HCV were identified from major databases and gray literature. PubMed, CINAHL, POPLINE, ScienceDirect, African Journals Online (AJOL), and Google Scholar were systematically searched to identify relevant studies. A random-effect model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of hepatitis B and C among health care workers in Africa. The heterogeneity of studies was assessed using Cochran Q statistics and I2 tests. Publication bias was assessed using Begg’s tests. Result In total, 1885 articles were retrieved, and 44 studies met the inclusion criteria and included in the final analysis. A total of 17,510 healthcare workers were included. The pooled prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among health care workers in Africa is estimated to be 6.81% (95% CI 5.67–7.95) with a significant level of heterogeneity (I2 = 91.6%; p < 0.001). While the pooled prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection using the random-effects model was 5.58% (95% CI 3.55–7.61) with a significant level of heterogeneity (I2 = 95.1%; p < 0.001). Conclusion Overall, one in fifteen and more than one in twenty healthcare workers were infected by HBV and HCV, respectively. The high burden of HBV and HCV infections remains a significant problem among healthcare workers in Africa.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Hepatitis C Virus among Health Care Workers

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
MR Uddin ◽  
MMS Islam ◽  
MZ Hossain ◽  
MN Sarker ◽  
ASM Salimullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Needle Stick Injury ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Key Words Hepatitis C ◽  
Care Workers

Context: Hepatitis C virus is one of the leading causes of liver disease and represents a major public health problem. It is a common cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as well as the most common reason for liver transplantation. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out during the period of April 2007 to April 2008 among health care workers including phlebotomists, dialysis staffs and laboratory personnel handling blood and blood products. Total 200 health care workers from phlebotomists working at one stop collection centre of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH), Dialysis staff working at haemodialysis units of BSMMU, Bangladesh Institute of Rehabilitation for Diabetes, Endocrine & Metabolic Diseases (BIRDEM), DMCH, National Institute of Kidney Diseases & Urology (NIKDU) had at least more than one year working exposure was enrolled in this study. After taking informed written consent detailed history was taken, clinical examination was done. 0.3 ml of venous blood was collected from each patient and tested for anti HCV by commercial kit, confirmed by ELISA method. Result: Among 200 patients majority (55.5%) of patients were below 30 years of age and there was equal prevalence among male and female. Out of 200 health care workers 1% was found to be anti HCV positive. All positive patient had duration of exposure of >5 years and had history of needle stick injury. Key words: Hepatitis C virus; seroprevalence; health care workers. DOI: 10.3329/jdmc.v18i1.6310 J Dhaka Med Coll. 2009; 18(1) : 70-74

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document