scholarly journals Optic Nerve Tortuosity and Globe Proptosis in Normal and Glaucoma Subjects

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofei Wang ◽  
Helmut Rumpel ◽  
Mani Baskaran ◽  
Tin A Tun ◽  
Nicholas Strouthidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Eye Movements ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Optic Nerve Head ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Optic Nerves

AbstractPurposeTo assess the difference in optic nerve tortuosity during eye movements and globe proptosis between primary open angle glaucoma and normal subjects using orbital magnetic resonance imaging.Methods10 Chinese subjects matched for age, ethnicity and refractive errors were recruited, including five normal controls and five patients with primary open angle glaucoma. All subjects underwent magnetic resonance imaging to assess their optic nerves and globes for three eye positions: primary gaze, adduction and abduction. Optic nerve tortuosity (optic nerve length divided by the distance between two ends) and globe proptosis (maximum distance between cornea and interzygomatic line) were measured from magnetic resonance imaging images.ResultsIn adduction, the tortuosity of normal eyes was significantly larger than that of the glaucomatous eyes. Optic nerve tortuosity in adduction in the control and glaucoma groups were 1.004±0.003 (mean ± standard deviation) and 1.001±0.001, respectively (p=0.037). Globe proptosis (primary gaze) in glaucoma subjects (19.14±2.11 mm) was significantly higher than that in control subjects (15.32±2.79 mm; p = 0.046).ConclusionsIn this sample, subjects with glaucoma exhibited more taut optic nerves and more protruding eye globes compared to normal eyes. This may impact optic nerve head deformations in anatomically predisposed patients.PrécisEyes with glaucoma have tauter optic nerves compared with normal eyes, which may exert more force on the optic nerve head tissues during eye movements.

scholarly journals Diffusional Kurtosis Imaging of White Matter Degeneration in Glaucoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 3122
Author(s):  
Carlo Nucci ◽  
Francesco Garaci ◽  
Simone Altobelli ◽  
Francesco Di Ciò ◽  
Alessio Martucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Glaucoma is an optic neuropathy characterized by death of retinal ganglion cells and loss of their axons, progressively leading to blindness. Recently, glaucoma has been conceptualized as a more diffuse neurodegenerative disorder involving the optic nerve and also the entire brain. Consistently, previous studies have used a variety of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques and described widespread changes in the grey and white matter of patients. Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) provides additional information as compared with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and consistently provides higher sensitivity to early microstructural white matter modification. In this study, we employ DKI to evaluate differences among healthy controls and a mixed population of primary open angle glaucoma patients ranging from stage I to V according to Hodapp–Parrish–Anderson visual field impairment classification. To this end, a cohort of patients affected by primary open angle glaucoma (n = 23) and a group of healthy volunteers (n = 15) were prospectively enrolled and underwent an ophthalmological evaluation followed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using a 3T MR scanner. After estimating both DTI indices, whole-brain, voxel-wise statistical comparisons were performed in white matter using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS). We found widespread differences in several white matter tracts in patients with glaucoma relative to controls in several metrics (mean kurtosis, kurtosis anisotropy, radial kurtosis, and fractional anisotropy) which involved localization well beyond the visual pathways, and involved cognitive, motor, face recognition, and orientation functions amongst others. Our findings lend further support to a causal brain involvement in glaucoma and offer alternative explanations for a number of multidomain impairments often observed in glaucoma patients.

Blood circulation and morphology of optic nerve head in primary open-angle glaucoma

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (S232) ◽  
pp. 40-40
Author(s):  
M. Ciancaglini ◽  
P. Carpineto ◽  
G. Falconio ◽  
S. Scaramucci ◽  
G. C. Nicola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Nerve Head ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle

Recurrent Germinoma in the Optic Nerve: Report of Two Cases

Neurosurgery ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 214-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Nakajima ◽  
Toshihiro Kumabe ◽  
Hidefumi Jokura ◽  
Takashi Yoshimoto
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Drug Regimen ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Optic Nerves ◽  
Whole Brain Radiation ◽  
Visual Acuity Loss

Abstract OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE Intracranial germinomas often disseminate via the ventricular and subarachnoid pathways, but seeding to the perioptic arachnoid space is extremely unusual. We report two cases of recurrent germinoma seeding in the optic nerve. CLINICAL PRESENTATION Two men with pure germinoma were initially treated with three cycles of a three-drug regimen of bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin, and a complete response was achieved. Patient 1 experienced ventricle wall dissemination 10 months after undergoing the initial treatment and was successfully treated with three cycles of carboplatin and etoposide and then by 24-Gy whole-ventricle radiation. Twelve months later, he complained of progressive visual acuity loss, and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated bilateral enhancement of the optic nerves. Patient 2 also experienced ventricle wall dissemination 3 months after undergoing the initial chemotherapy, but he exhibited a complete response after undergoing 24-Gy whole-ventricle radiation. Two years later, he complained of progressive visual acuity loss. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated bilateral enhancement of the optic nerves and cerebellar hemispheres. INTERVENTION None of the locations of recurrence were included in the irradiation field, whereas there was no recurrence within the radiation field. Complete responses were obtained with three cycles of a three-drug regimen of ifosfamide, cisplatin, and etoposide and then by 24-Gy whole-brain radiation that included the bilateral optic nerves. The visual acuity of each patient improved slightly. CONCLUSION Delayed seeding in the optic nerve may result from germinoma cells that remain dormant, so they cannot be destroyed by chemotherapy regimens alone.

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