Timing and causes of the distribution pattern of Oncomelania hupensis estimated by molecular and geologic data

Abstract:As the only intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum, Oncomelania hupensis plays an irreplaceable role in the prevalence of schistosomiasis japonica. Several living subspecies of Oncomelania hupensis are found in Asia, especially in China, Japan,the Philippines, and Sulawesi of Indonesia. The existing geographical distribution pattern of O. hupensis has been influenced by geological events. This study used existing mitochondrial gene data for O. hupensis in the GenBank database and the molecular clock method to estimate the divergence time of each subspecies of O. hupensis. For the first time, the timing and causes of the distribution pattern of the different O. hupensis subspecies were studied by combining molecular data with data on geologic events. The results showed that the uplift and isolation of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau caused Oncomelania hupensis robertsoni to differentiate 4.76 Ma(Million anniversary), while Oncomelania hupensis guangxiensis was affected by the third Himalayan orogenic movement, differentiating 1.10 Ma. Oncomelania hupensis nosophora was influenced by the formation of the Yonaguni Strait and diverged 1.43 Ma. Influenced by ice ages and interglacial periods, Oncomelania hupensis tangi and Oncomelania hupensis formosana diverged 0.57 Ma. The link of the ancient Yangtze River promoted the spread of O. hupensis to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and the developed water network facilitated gene exchange among Oncomelania hupensis hupensis in the area. Eventually, 0.62 Ma, O. h. hupensis differentiated.Author summaryPhylogenetic analysis of Pomatiopsidae species showed that Oncomelania was isolated from other genera and clustered independently in phylogenetic trees. Further analysis of the species Oncomelania hupensis and its subspecies was performed. The snail species O. hupensis has multiple subspecies that exhibit certain differences. These subspecies are distributed across Asia, from China’s Yunnan Province in the west to Japan in the east and south to the Philippines and Indonesia. In addition, the subspecies are widespread in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China, and the distribution ranges of the different subspecies do not overlap. The formation of this distribution pattern of each subspecies of O. hupensis has a profound impact on the prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum. Therefore, the authors analyzed molecular data and geological historical events to investigate the timing and causes of the distribution pattern of each subspecies of O. hupensis.

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Monitoring permafrost changes in the Yangtze River source region of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau using differential SAR interferometry

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-13906 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Lingxiao Wang ◽

Lin Zhao ◽

Huayun Zhou ◽

Shibo Liu ◽

Xiaodong Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Active Layer ◽

Yangtze River ◽

Ground Deformation ◽

Source Region ◽

Deformation Monitoring ◽

Tibet Plateau ◽

Permafrost Degradation ◽

The Yangtze River ◽

Ground Ice

<p>Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) has the largest high-altitude permafrost zone in the middle and low latitudes. Substantial hydrologic changes have been observed in the Yangtze River source region and adjacent areas in the early 21st century. Permafrost on the QTP has undergone degradation under global warming. The ground leveling observation site near Tangula (33&#176;04&#8242;N, 91&#176;56&#8242;E) located in the degraded alpine meadow indicates that the ground has subsided 50mm since 2011. The contribution of permafrost degradation and loss of ground ice to the hydrologic changes is however still lacking. This study monitors the permafrost changes by applying the Small BAseline Subset InSAR (SBAS-InSAR) technique using C-band Sentinel-1 datasets during 2014-2019. The ground deformation over permafrost terrain is derived in spatial and temporal scale, which reflects the seasonal freeze-thaw cycle in the active layer and long-term thawing of ground ice beneath the active layer. Results show the seasonal thaw displacement exhibits a strong correlation with surficial geology contacts. The ground leveling data is used to validate the ground deformation monitoring results. Then, the ground deformation characteristics are analyzed against the landscape units. Last, the long-term inter-annual displacement value is used to estimate the water equivalent of ground ice melting.</p>

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Variation of GPS Precipitable Water over the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: Possible Teleconnection Triggering Rainfall over the Yangtze River Valley

Terrestrial Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences ◽

10.3319/tao.2010.09.09.01(tibxs) ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 195-202 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Gui-Rong Xu ◽

Chun-Guang Cui ◽

Wu-Jie Li ◽

Wen Zhang ◽

Guang-Liu Feng

Keyword(s):

Yangtze River ◽

Precipitable Water ◽

Yangtze River Valley ◽

River Valley ◽

Tibet Plateau ◽

The Yangtze River ◽

Qinghai Tibet Plateau ◽

Triggering Rainfall

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Distribution pattern of finless porpoises at the junction of the Yangtze River and Poyang Lake observed by towed passive acoustic device

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America ◽

10.1121/1.3654880 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 130 (4) ◽

pp. 2460-2460

Author(s):

Satoko Kimura ◽

Tomonari Akamatsu ◽

Songhai Li ◽

Lijun Dong ◽

Kexiong Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Distribution Pattern ◽

Yangtze River ◽

Poyang Lake ◽

The Yangtze River ◽

Acoustic Device ◽

Passive Acoustic

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Analysis of A Remote Rainstorm in the Yangtze River Delta Region Caused by Typhoon Mangkhut (2018)

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering ◽

10.3390/jmse8050345 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 345 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jiaqi Yu ◽

Si Gao ◽

Ling Zhang ◽

Xinyong Shen ◽

Luyan Guo

Keyword(s):

Yangtze River ◽

Yangtze River Delta ◽

The Philippines ◽

River Delta ◽

Rain Event ◽

The Yangtze River ◽

Delta Region ◽

Yangtze River Delta Region ◽

Single Station ◽

The Yangtze River Delta

An extraordinary heavy rain event caused by Typhoon Mangkhut occurred in the Yangtze River Delta region on 16 September 2018, with the maximum of 24-h accumulated rainfall at a single station reaching 297 mm. However, numerical models and subjective forecast failed to predict this typhoon remote rainstorm accurately. In this study, multiple observational data, an analysis dataset, and a trajectory model are used to analyze the causes of this severe rainstorm. The results show that the circulation situation provides a favorable large-scale background condition for the generation of the rainstorm. The coupling of the upper-level westerly jet and the low-level southerly jet is beneficial to the development of strong convections. In the rainstorm area there is a positive vorticity center connected to the main body of the typhoon. The cooling and humidifying effect of dry-cold air saturates the formerly unsaturated wet air, leading to the increase of precipitation. Besides, there is a lower-tropospheric moisture transport path connecting the typhoon and the rainstorm area, providing abundant moisture for the development of rainstorms. The backward trajectory simulation shows that the moisture mainly originates from the lower troposphere over the Philippine Sea, the southern South China Sea, and the sea south of the Philippines.

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Oncomelania hupensis quadrasi: Snail intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum in the Philippines

Acta Tropica ◽

10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105547 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 210 ◽

pp. 105547

Author(s):

Lydia Leonardo ◽

Gracia Varona ◽

Raffy Jay Fornillos ◽

Daria Manalo ◽

Ian Kim Tabios ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intermediate Host ◽

Schistosoma Japonicum ◽

The Philippines ◽

Oncomelania Hupensis ◽

Snail Intermediate Host

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The Extreme Drought Event during Winter–Spring of 2011 in East China: Combined Influences of Teleconnection in Midhigh Latitudes and Thermal Forcing in Maritime Continent Region

Journal of Climate ◽

10.1175/jcli-d-12-00652.1 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 26 (20) ◽

pp. 8210-8222 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Dachao Jin ◽

Zhaoyong Guan ◽

Weiya Tang

Keyword(s):

North Atlantic ◽

Yangtze River ◽

Lower Troposphere ◽

The Philippines ◽

Drought Event ◽

The Yangtze River ◽

Maritime Continent ◽

Thermal Forcing ◽

The North ◽

The North Atlantic

Abstract The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River (MLRYR) in China experienced an extremely severe and persistent drought event from January to May of 2011. Using both the observational data and NCEP–NCAR reanalysis, features of the drought event and the related circulation anomalies were investigated. It is found that the precipitation during the investigated period of 2011 was deficient mostly along the Yangtze River. The water vapor diverged from MLRYR southward into the Bay of Bengal, South China Sea, and the Philippines. There were two factors facilitating the drought event. One was the quasi-stationary Rossby wave–related teleconnection, which propagated eastward at midhigh latitudes from the North Atlantic to East Asia, reinforcing the Siberian high and the East Asian trough, henceforth resulting in the divergence anomalies in MLRYR in the lower troposphere. This quasi-stationary wave train, though originating from the North Atlantic region, was not essentially related to the North Atlantic Oscillation. Another factor for the drought event was the persistent anomalous thermal forcing over the Maritime Continent, which induced the anomalous divergence in the upper troposphere in this region, building up an anomalous Hadley circulation with its ascent branch over the Maritime Continent and descent branch over MLRYR. This thermal forcing was possibly, but not necessarily, related to the La Niña event. The persistence of the drought event over MLRYR was due to the maintenance of the quasi-stationary waves at midhigh latitudes and the persistent anomalous thermal forcing in the Maritime Continent.

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