scholarly journals Sleepless and Desynchronized: Impaired Inter Trial Phase Coherence of Steady-State Potentials Following Sleep Deprivation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Eidelman-Rothman ◽  
E Ben-Simon ◽  
D Freche ◽  
A Keil ◽  
T Hendler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Sleep Loss ◽  
Phase Coherence ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Trial Phase

1.AbstractSleep loss has detrimental effects on cognitive and emotional functioning. These impairments have been associated with alterations in EEG measures of power spectrum and event-related potentials, however the impact of sleep loss on inter trial phase coherence (ITPC), a measure of phase consistency over experimental trials, remains mostly unknown. ITPC is thought to reflect the ability of the neural response to temporally synchronize with relevant events, thus optimizing information processing.In the current study we investigated the effects of sleep deprivation on information processing by evaluating the phase consistency of steady-state visual evoked potentials (ssVEPs) as well as amplitude-based measures of ssVEP, obtained from a group of 18 healthy individuals following 24 hours of total sleep deprivation and after a night of habitual sleep. An ssVEP task was utilized, which included the presentation of dots flickering at 7.5 Hz, along with a cognitive-emotional task. Our results show that ITPC is significantly reduced under sleep deprivation relative to habitual sleep. Interestingly, decreased ITPC under sleep deprivation was associated with decreased behavioral performance in the psychomotor vigilance task (PVT), a validate measure of reduced vigilance following lack of sleep.The results suggest that the capability of the brain to synchronize with rhythmic stimuli is disrupted without sleep. Thus, decreased ITPC may represent an objective and mechanistic measure of sleep loss, allowing future work to study the relation between brain-world synchrony and the specific functional impairments associated with sleep deprivation.

scholarly journals How Does Information Overload Affect Consumers’ Online Decision Process? An Event-Related Potentials Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minjing Peng ◽  
Zhicheng Xu ◽  
Haiyang Huang
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Decision Process ◽  
Information Overload ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Decision Processes ◽  
Decision Quality ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
The Impact

One of the advantages of e-retailers is their capability to provide a large amount of information to consumers. However, when the amount of information exceeds consumers’ information processing capacities, it will lead to worse decision quality and experience, causing the information overload effect. In this study, the event-related potentials (ERPs) were applied to examine the hidden neural mechanism of the impact of information overload on consumers’ decision processes. Behavioral data showed that people would spend more time making decisions when faced with information overload. Neurophysiologically, consumers would invest less attentional resources in the high amount of information (HAI) condition than those in the low amount of information (LAI) condition and lead to less positive P2 amplitudes. The HAI condition would increase decision difficulty than would the LAI condition and result in smaller P3 amplitudes. In addition, an increased late positive component (LPC) was observed for the HAI condition in contrast to the LAI condition, indicating that consumers were more inclined to have decision process regret when consumers were overloaded. We further investigated the dynamic information processing when consumers got over information overload by mining the brain’s time-varying networks. The results revealed that during the decision process and the neural response stage, the central area controlled other brain regions’ activities for the HAI condition, suggesting that people may still consider and compare other important information after the decision process when faced with information overload. In general, this study may provide neural evidence of how information overload affects consumers’ decision processes and ultimately damages decision quality.

scholarly journals Sleepless and desynchronized: Impaired inter trial phase coherence of steady-state potentials following sleep deprivation

NeuroImage ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 116055
Author(s):  
M. Eidelman-Rothman ◽  
E. Ben-Simon ◽  
D. Freche ◽  
A. Keil ◽  
T. Hendler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Phase Coherence ◽  
Trial Phase

scholarly journals Observing changes in human functioning during induced sleep deficiency and recovery periods

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremi K. Ochab ◽  
Jerzy Szwed ◽  
Katarzyna Oleś ◽  
Anna Bereś ◽  
Dante R. Chialvo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stroop Task ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Sleep Loss ◽  
Sleep Restriction ◽  
Partial Recovery ◽  
Recovery Sleep ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTThe duration of sleep, wakefulness and dynamic changes in human performance are determined by neural and genetic mechanisms. Sleep deprivation and chronic restriction of sleep cause perturbations of circadian rhythmicity and degradation of waking alertness as reflected in attention, cognitive efficiency and memory. In this work we report on multiple neurobehavioral correlates of sleep loss in healthy adults in an unprecedented study comprising 21 consecutive days divided into periods of 4 days of regular life (a baseline), 10 days of chronic partial sleep restriction and 7 days of recovery. Throughout the whole experiment we continuously measured the spontaneous locomotor activity by means of actigraphy with 1-minute resolution in two acquisition modes (frequency and intensity of movement). Moreover, on daily basis the subjects were undergoing EEG measurements (64-electrodes with 500 Hz sampling frequency): resting state with eyes open and closed (RS; 8 minutes long each) followed by Stroop task (ST; 22 minutes). Altogether we analyzed actigraphy (distributions of rest and activity durations), behavioral measures (accuracy and reaction times from Stroop task) and EEG (amplitudes, latencies and scalp maps of event-related potentials from Stroop task and power spectra from resting states). The actigraphy measures clearly indicate rapid changes after sleep restriction onset, confirming our former investigations — the novel insight is a slow and incomplete relaxation to the original locomotor behavior. The pattern of partial recovery appears also in accuracy (in ST) and power of delta rhythm (in RS). The impact of sleep loss is also evident in reaction times (in ST), yet followed by complete recovery, and finally in ERP amplitudes and latencies, which however did not return to the baseline at all. The results indicate that short periods (a few days) of recovery sleep subsequent to prolonged periods of sleep restriction are overall insufficient to recover fully.

scholarly journals Food restriction induces functional resilience to sleep restriction in rats

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally Loomis ◽  
Andrew McCarthy ◽  
Derk-Jan Dijk ◽  
Gary Gilmour ◽  
Raphaelle Winsky-Sommerer
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Diurnal Cycle ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Sleep Loss ◽  
Sleep Restriction ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Study Objectives Sleep restriction (SR) leads to performance decrements across cognitive domains but underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. The impact of SR on performance in rodents is often assessed using tasks in which food is the reward. Investigating how the drives of hunger and sleep interact to modulate performance may provide insights into mechanisms underlying sleep loss-related performance decrements. Methods Three experiments were conducted in male adult Wistar rats to assess: (1) effects of food restriction on performance in the simple response latency task (SRLT) across the diurnal cycle (n = 30); (2) interaction of food restriction and SR (11 h) on SRLT performance, sleep electroencephalogram, and event-related potentials (ERP) (n = 10–13); and (3) effects of food restriction and SR on progressive ratio (PR) task performance to probe the reward value of food reinforcement (n = 19). Results Food restriction increased premature responding on the SRLT at the end of the light period of the diurnal cycle. SR led to marked impairments in SRLT performance in the ad libitum-fed group, which were absent in the food-restricted group. After SR, food-restricted rats displayed a higher amplitude of cue-evoked ERP components during the SRLT compared with the ad libitum group. SR did not affect PR performance, while food restriction improved performance. Conclusions Hunger may induce a functional resilience to negative effects of sleep loss during subsequent task performance, possibly by maintaining attention to food-related cues.

scholarly journals Reduced Visual Magnocellular Event-Related Potentials in Developmental Dyslexia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
John Stein
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Developmental Dyslexia ◽  
Reading Ability ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Reverse Pattern ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
The Right ◽  
Visual Hemifields ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg

(1) Background—the magnocellular hypothesis proposes that impaired development of the visual timing systems in the brain that are mediated by magnocellular (M-) neurons is a major cause of dyslexia. Their function can now be assessed quite easily by analysing averaged visually evoked event-related potentials (VERPs) in the electroencephalogram (EEG). Such analysis might provide a useful, objective biomarker for diagnosing developmental dyslexia. (2) Methods—in adult dyslexics and normally reading controls, we recorded steady state VERPs, and their frequency content was computed using the fast Fourier transform. The visual stimulus was a black and white checker board whose checks reversed contrast every 100 ms. M- cells respond to this stimulus mainly at 10 Hz, whereas parvocells (P-) do so at 5 Hz. Left and right visual hemifields were stimulated separately in some subjects to see if there were latency differences between the M- inputs to the right vs. left hemispheres, and these were compared with the subjects’ handedness. (3) Results—Controls demonstrated a larger 10 Hz than 5 Hz fundamental peak in the spectra, whereas the dyslexics showed the reverse pattern. The ratio of subjects’ 10/5 Hz amplitudes predicted their reading ability. The latency of the 10 Hz peak was shorter during left than during right hemifield stimulation, and shorter in controls than in dyslexics. The latter correlated weakly with their handedness. (4) Conclusion—Steady state visual ERPs may conveniently be used to identify developmental dyslexia. However, due to the limited numbers of subjects in each sub-study, these results need confirmation.

Event-Related Potentials in Psychiatry: Approaches to Research and Clinical Applications

1983 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Stampfer
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Clinical Methods ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
The Brain

This article suggests that the potential usefulness of event-related potentials in psychiatry has not been fully explored because of the limitations of various approaches to research adopted to date, and because the field is still undergoing rapid development. Newer approaches to data acquisition and methods of analysis, combined with closer co-operation between medical and physical scientists, will help to establish the practical application of these signals in psychiatric disorders and assist our understanding of psychophysiological information processing in the brain. Finally, it is suggested that psychiatrists should seek to understand these techniques and the data they generate, since they provide more direct access to measures of complex cerebral processes than current clinical methods.

ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF CONGRUENT AND INCONGRUENT STIMULUS IN STROOP TASK, USING EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS (ERP) IN PATIENTS WITH DEPRESSION

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (05) ◽  
pp. 1850034
Author(s):  
Yeganeh Shahsavar ◽  
Majid Ghoshuni
Keyword(s):  
Stroop Task ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Peak Time ◽  
Eeg Signals ◽  
Incongruent Stimulus ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Recording Channel ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

The main goal of this event-related potentials (ERPs) study was to assess the effects of stimulations in Stroop task in brain activities of patients with different degrees of depression. Eighteen patients (10 males, with the mean age [Formula: see text]) were asked to fill out Beck’s depression questionnaire. Electroencephalographic (EEG) signals of subjects were recorded in three channels (Pz, Cz, and Fz) during Stroop test. This test entailed 360 stimulations, which included 120 congruent, 120 incongruent, and 120 neutral stimulations. To analyze the data, 18 time features in each type of stimulus were extracted from the ERP components and the optimal features were selected. The correlation between the subjects’ scores in Beck’s depression questionnaires and the extracted time features in each recording channel was calculated in order to select the best features. Total area, and peak-to-peak time window in the Cz channel in both the congruent and incongruent stimulus showed significant correlation with Beck scores, with [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], respectively. Consequently, given the correlation between time features and the subjects’ Beck scores with different degrees of depression, it can be interpreted that in case of growth in degrees of depression, stimulations involving congruent images would produce more challenging interferences for the patients compared to incongruent stimulations which can be more effective in diagnosing the level of disorder.

Endophenotypes and Diagnostic Categories: Event-related Potentials and the Schizophrenia-bipolar Dichotomy

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
J. Maltez ◽  
D. Dias ◽  
H. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Brain Structure ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Intermediate Level ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Diagnostic Categories ◽  
Biologic Markers ◽  
Related Potentials

After decades of neuroscientific research and taxonomic endeavour in psychiatry the quest for biologic markers specific enough to accommodate nosologic categories has not succeeded. Yet, neurophysiology and neuroimaging have developed pwoerful tools to investigate brain function. An immense amount of data has been accumulated regarding normal and pathologic information processing, cognition, emotion and other domains. Some have been correlated with genes underpinning diseases and are candidate endophenotypes. These stand at an intermediate level between genes and phenotype. They encompass several kinds of dysfunctions or abnormalities in brain structure. Rather than matching to singular diagnostic categories, as we devise them today, the same endophenotype is usually shared by distinct pathologic entities. Assuming tha they reflect specif dysfunctions this raises critical questions regarding the DSM way of classifying mental disorders and to the understanding of the neurobiologic phenomena underlying them. It is the purpose of this presentation to discuss these questions and review some of the data, including our own, concerning event-related potentials endophenotypes of psychosis with special focus on the schizophrenia-bipolar dichotomy and present.

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