scholarly journals Gut microbiome features associated withClostridium difficilecolonization in puppies

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander S. Berry ◽  
Denise Barnhart ◽  
Brendan J. Kelly ◽  
Donna J. Kelly ◽  
Daniel P. Beiting ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Bacterial Community Diversity ◽  
Gut Microbial Community ◽  
Colonization Status

AbstractIn people, colonization withClostridium difficile, the leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea, has been shown to be associated with distinct gut microbial features, including reduced bacterial community diversity and depletion of key taxa. In dogs, the gut microbiome features that defineC. difficilecolonization are less well understood. We sought to define the gut microbiome features associated withC. difficilecolonization in puppies, a population where the prevalence ofC. difficilehas been shown to be elevated, and to define the effect of puppy age and litter upon these features andC. difficilerisk. We collected fecal samples from weaned (n=27) and unweaned (n=74) puppies from 13 litters and analyzed the effects of colonization status, age and litter on microbial diversity using linear mixed effects models.Colonization withC. difficilewas significantly associated with younger age, and colonized puppies had significantly decreased bacterial community diversity and differentially abundant taxa compared to non-colonized puppies, even when adjusting for age.C. difficilecolonization remained associated with decreased bacterial community diversity, but the association did not reach statistical significance in a mixed effects model incorporating litter as a random effect.Even though litter explained a greater proportion (67%) of the variability in microbial diversity than colonization status, we nevertheless observed heterogeneity in gut microbial community diversity and colonization status within more than half of the litters, suggesting that the gut microbiome contributes to colonization resistance againstC. difficile. The colonization of puppies withC. difficilehas important implications for the potential zoonotic transfer of this organism to people. The identified associations point to mechanisms by whichC. difficilecolonization may be reduced.

Bacterial community diversity of yak milk dreg collected from Nyingchi region of Tibet, China

LWT ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 111308
Author(s):  
Fumin Chi ◽  
Zhankun Tan ◽  
Xuedong Gu ◽  
Lin Yang ◽  
Zhang Luo
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Yak Milk ◽  
Bacterial Community Diversity

scholarly journals Phyllosphere community assembly and response to drought stress on common tropical and temperate forage grasses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily K. Bechtold ◽  
Stephanie Ryan ◽  
Sarah E. Moughan ◽  
Ravi Ranjan ◽  
Klaus Nüsslein
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Community Assembly ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Hormone Production ◽  
Plant Host ◽  
Bacterial Community Diversity

Grasslands represent a critical ecosystem important for global food production, soil carbon storage, and water regulation. Current intensification and expansion practices add to the degradation of grasslands and dramatically increase greenhouse gas emissions and pollution. Thus, new ways to sustain and improve their productivity are needed. Research efforts focus on the plant-leaf microbiome, or phyllosphere, because its microbial members impact ecosystem function by influencing pathogen resistance, plant hormone production, and nutrient availability through processes including nitrogen fixation. However, little is known about grassland phyllospheres and their response to environmental stress. In this study, globally dominant temperate and tropical forage grass species were grown in a greenhouse under current climate conditions and drought conditions that mimic future climate predictions to understand if (i) plant host taxa influence microbial community assembly, (ii) microbial communities respond to drought stress, and (iii) phyllosphere community changes correlate to changes in plant host traits and stress-response strategies. Community analysis using high resolution sequencing revealed Gammaproteobacteria as the dominant bacterial class, which increased under severe drought stress on both temperate and tropical grasses while overall bacterial community diversity declined. Bacterial community diversity, structure, and response to drought were significantly different between grass species. This community dependence on plant host species correlated with differences in grass species traits, which became more defined under drought stress conditions, suggesting symbiotic evolutionary relationships between plant hosts and their associated microbial community. Further understanding these strategies and the functions microbes provide to plants will help us utilize microbes to promote agricultural and ecosystem productivity in the future.

scholarly journals Diversity of Soil Bacterial Community Is Influenced by Spatial Location and Time but Not Potato Cultivar

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-238
Author(s):  
Kamrun Nahar ◽  
Jean-Baptiste Floc’h ◽  
Claudia Goyer ◽  
Bernie J. Zebarth ◽  
Sean Whitney
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Common Scab ◽  
Potato Cultivar ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Bacterial Community Diversity ◽  
Streptomyces Spp ◽  
Β Diversity ◽  
Soil Bacterial ◽  
Spatial Locations

Potato cultivars susceptible to common scab were previously reported to harbor five to six times more abundant pathogenic Streptomyces spp. in the rhizosphere soils compared with tolerant cultivars. It is still unclear if the diversity of soil bacterial communities is related to the abundance of pathogenic Streptomyces spp. This study evaluated the effects of potato cultivar on the diversity of bacterial communities in three spatial locations (soil located close to the plant [SCP], in the rhizosphere soil [RS], and in the geocaulosphere soil [GS]) in 2013 and 2014. Common scab tolerant (Goldrush and Hindenburg) and susceptible cultivars (Green Mountain and Agria) were planted in a field infested with pathogenic Streptomyces spp. causing common scab. The β-diversity of the bacterial community was significantly different between years and on dates within each year according to a permutational multivariate analysis of variance. The β-diversity also varied significantly among spatial locations (i.e., SCP, RS, and GS), probably due to changes in soil properties, but did not change significantly among potato cultivars. The architecture of the bacterial network in RS in 2014 was more complex compared with 2013 with a 2.5-fold increase in the number of bacteria included according to a co-occurrence analysis. These results indicated that the soil bacterial community diversity changed temporally and spatially. However, bacterial community diversity and richness were not affected by potato cultivar, suggesting that there were no relationships between bacterial community diversity or richness and the abundance of pathogenic Streptomyces spp.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document