scholarly journals Drosophila menthol sensitivity and the Precambrian origins of TRP-dependent chemosensation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathaniel J. Himmel ◽  
Jamin M. Letcher ◽  
Akira Sakurai ◽  
Thomas R. Gray ◽  
Maggie N. Benson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Topical Application ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Trp Channels ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Cation Channels ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Sensitivity Studies ◽  
Transient Receptor ◽  
Class Iv

AbstractTransient receptor potential (TRP) cation channels are highly conserved, polymodal sensors which respond to a wide variety of stimuli. Perhaps most notably, TRP channels serve critical functions in nociception and pain. A growing body of evidence suggests that TRPM (Melastatin) and TRPA (Ankyrin) thermal and electrophile sensitivities predate the protostome-deuterostome split (>550 million years ago). However, TRPM and TRPA channels are also thought to detect modified terpenes (e.g., menthol). Although terpenoids like menthol are thought to be aversive and/or harmful to insects, mechanistic sensitivity studies have been largely restricted to chordates. Furthermore, it is unknown if TRP-menthol sensing is as ancient as thermal and/or electrophile sensitivity. Combining genetic, optical, electrophysiological, behavioural, and phylogenetic approaches, we tested the hypothesis that insect TRP channels play a conserved role in menthol sensing. We found that topical application of menthol to Drosophila melanogaster larvae elicits a Trpm- and TrpA1-dependent nocifensive rolling behaviour, which requires activation of Class IV nociceptor neurons. Further, in characterizing the evolution of TRP channels, we put forth the hypotheses that 3 previously undescribed TRPM channel clades (basal, αTRPM, and βTRPM), as well as TRPs with residues critical for menthol sensing, were present in ancestral bilaterians.

scholarly journals Drosophila menthol sensitivity and the Precambrian origins of transient receptor potential-dependent chemosensation

2019 ◽  
Vol 374 (1785) ◽  
pp. 20190369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathaniel J. Himmel ◽  
Jamin M. Letcher ◽  
Akira Sakurai ◽  
Thomas R. Gray ◽  
Maggie N. Benson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Trp Channels ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Cation Channels ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Sensitivity Studies ◽  
Transient Receptor ◽  
Class Iv

Transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channels are highly conserved, polymodal sensors which respond to a wide variety of stimuli. Perhaps most notably, TRP channels serve critical functions in nociception and pain. A growing body of evidence suggests that transient receptor potential melastatin (TRPM) and transient receptor potential ankyrin (TRPA) thermal and electrophile sensitivities predate the protostome–deuterostome split (greater than 550 Ma). However, TRPM and TRPA channels are also thought to detect modified terpenes (e.g. menthol). Although terpenoids like menthol are thought to be aversive and/or harmful to insects, mechanistic sensitivity studies have been largely restricted to chordates. Furthermore, it is unknown if TRP-menthol sensing is as ancient as thermal and/or electrophile sensitivity. Combining genetic, optical, electrophysiological, behavioural and phylogenetic approaches, we tested the hypothesis that insect TRP channels play a conserved role in menthol sensing. We found that topical application of menthol to Drosophila melanogaster larvae elicits a Trpm - and TrpA1 -dependent nocifensive rolling behaviour, which requires activation of Class IV nociceptor neurons. Further, in characterizing the evolution of TRP channels, we put forth the hypotheses that three previously undescribed TRPM channel clades (basal, αTRPM and βTRPM), as well as TRPs with residues critical for menthol sensing, were present in ancestral bilaterians. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Evolution of mechanisms and behaviour important for pain’.

scholarly journals A TRiP Through the Roles of Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channels in Type 2 Upper Airway Inflammation

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wout Backaert ◽  
Brecht Steelant ◽  
Peter W. Hellings ◽  
Karel Talavera ◽  
Laura Van Gerven
Keyword(s):  
Airway Inflammation ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Trp Channels ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Cation Channels ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Upper Airways ◽  
Transient Receptor

Abstract Purpose of Review Despite their high prevalence, the pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis (AR) and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) remains unclear. Recently, transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channels emerged as important players in type 2 upper airway inflammatory disorders. In this review, we aim to discuss known and yet to be explored roles of TRP channels in the pathophysiology of AR and CRS with nasal polyps. Recent Findings TRP channels participate in a plethora of cellular functions and are expressed on T cells, mast cells, respiratory epithelial cells, and sensory neurons of the upper airways. In chronic upper airway inflammation, TRP vanilloid 1 is mostly studied in relation to nasal hyperreactivity. Several other TRP channels such as TRP vanilloid 4, TRP ankyrin 1, TRP melastatin channels, and TRP canonical channels also have important functions, rendering them potential targets for therapy. Summary The role of TRP channels in type 2 inflammatory upper airway diseases is steadily being uncovered and increasingly recognized. Modulation of TRP channels may offer therapeutic perspectives.

scholarly journals Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channels in Disease

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Nilius ◽  
Grzegorz Owsianik ◽  
Thomas Voets ◽  
John A. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Trp Channels ◽  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Hereditary Diseases ◽  
Cation Channels ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
Transient Receptor ◽  
Trp Genes ◽  
The Impact

The transient receptor potential (TRP) superfamily consists of a large number of cation channels that are mostly permeable to both monovalent and divalent cations. The 28 mammalian TRP channels can be subdivided into six main subfamilies: the TRPC (canonical), TRPV (vanilloid), TRPM (melastatin), TRPP (polycystin), TRPML (mucolipin), and the TRPA (ankyrin) groups. TRP channels are expressed in almost every tissue and cell type and play an important role in the regulation of various cell functions. Currently, significant scientific effort is being devoted to understanding the physiology of TRP channels and their relationship to human diseases. At this point, only a few channelopathies in which defects in TRP genes are the direct cause of cellular dysfunction have been identified. In addition, mapping of TRP genes to susceptible chromosome regions (e.g., translocations, breakpoint intervals, increased frequency of polymorphisms) has been considered suggestive of the involvement of these channels in hereditary diseases. Moreover, strong indications of the involvement of TRP channels in several diseases come from correlations between levels of channel expression and disease symptoms. Finally, TRP channels are involved in some systemic diseases due to their role as targets for irritants, inflammation products, and xenobiotic toxins. The analysis of transgenic models allows further extrapolations of TRP channel deficiency to human physiology and disease. In this review, we provide an overview of the impact of TRP channels on the pathogenesis of several diseases and identify several TRPs for which a causal pathogenic role might be anticipated.

scholarly journals Activation of TRPV1 and TRPM8 Channels in the Larynx and Associated Laryngopharyngeal Regions Facilitates the Swallowing Reflex

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 4113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossain ◽  
Hiroshi Ando ◽  
Shumpei Unno ◽  
Yuji Masuda ◽  
Junichi Kitagawa
Keyword(s):  
Topical Application ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Trp Channels ◽  
Superior Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Swallowing Reflex ◽  
Transient Receptor ◽  
Management Of Dysphagia

The larynx and associated laryngopharyngeal regions are innervated by the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) and are highly reflexogenic. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels have recently been detected in SLN innervated regions; however, their involvement in the swallowing reflex has not been fully elucidated. Here, we explore the contribution of two TRP channels, TRPV1 and TRPM8, located in SLN-innervated regions to the swallowing reflex. Immunohistochemistry identified TRPV1 and TRPM8 on cell bodies of SLN afferents located in the nodose-petrosal-jugular ganglionic complex. The majority of TRPV1 and TRPM8 immunoreactivity was located on unmyelinated neurons. Topical application of different concentrations of TRPV1 and TRPM8 agonists modulated SLN activity. Application of the agonists evoked a significantly greater number of swallowing reflexes compared with the number evoked by distilled water. The interval between the reflexes evoked by the agonists was shorter than that produced by distilled water. Prior topical application of respective TRPV1 or TRPM8 antagonists significantly reduced the number of agonist-evoked reflexes. The findings suggest that the activation of TRPV1 and TRPM8 channels present in the swallowing-related regions can facilitate the evoking of swallowing reflex. Targeting the TRP channels could be a potential therapeutic strategy for the management of dysphagia.

scholarly journals The Pyrexia transient receptor potential channel mediates circadian clock synchronization to low temperature cycles in Drosophila melanogaster

2013 ◽  
Vol 280 (1768) ◽  
pp. 20130959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werner Wolfgang ◽  
Alekos Simoni ◽  
Carla Gentile ◽  
Ralf Stanewsky
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Trp Channels ◽  
Clock Synchronization ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential Channel ◽  
Circadian Clocks ◽  
Trp Channel ◽  
Temperature Cycles ◽  
Transient Receptor

Circadian clocks are endogenous approximately 24 h oscillators that temporally regulate many physiological and behavioural processes. In order to be beneficial for the organism, these clocks must be synchronized with the environmental cycles on a daily basis. Both light : dark and the concomitant daily temperature cycles (TCs) function as Zeitgeber (‘time giver’) and efficiently entrain circadian clocks. The temperature receptors mediating this synchronization have not been identified. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels function as thermo-receptors in animals, and here we show that the Pyrexia (Pyx) TRP channel mediates temperature synchronization in Drosophila melanogaster . Pyx is expressed in peripheral sensory organs (chordotonal organs), which previously have been implicated in temperature synchronization. Flies deficient for Pyx function fail to synchronize their behaviour to TCs in the lower range (16–20°C), and this deficit can be partially rescued by introducing a wild-type copy of the pyx gene. Synchronization to higher TCs is not affected, demonstrating a specific role for Pyx at lower temperatures. In addition, pyx mutants speed up their clock after being exposed to TCs. Our results identify the first TRP channel involved in temperature synchronization of circadian clocks.

Intragastric administration of capsiate, a transient receptor potential channel agonist, triggers thermogenic sympathetic responses

2011 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 789-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaori Ono ◽  
Masako Tsukamoto-Yasui ◽  
Yoshiko Hara-Kimura ◽  
Naohiko Inoue ◽  
Yoshihito Nogusa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sympathetic Nerve ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Trp Channels ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential Channel ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Reflex Arc ◽  
Transient Receptor

The sympathetic thermoregulatory system controls the magnitude of adaptive thermogenesis in correspondence with the environmental temperature or the state of energy intake and plays a key role in determining the resultant energy storage. However, the nature of the trigger initiating this reflex arc remains to be determined. Here, using capsiate, a digestion-vulnerable capsaicin analog, we examined the involvement of specific activation of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels within the gastrointestinal tract in the thermogenic sympathetic system by measuring the efferent activity of the postganglionic sympathetic nerve innervating brown adipose tissue (BAT) in anesthetized rats. Intragastric administration of capsiate resulted in a time- and dose-dependent increase in integrated BAT sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) over 180 min, which was characterized by an emergence of sporadic high-activity phases composed of low-frequency bursts. This increase in BAT SNA was abolished by blockade of TRP channels as well as of sympathetic ganglionic transmission and was inhibited by ablation of the gastrointestinal vagus nerve. The activation of SNA was delimited to BAT and did not occur in the heart or pancreas. These results point to a neural pathway enabling the selective activation of the central network regulating the BAT SNA in response to a specific stimulation of gastrointestinal TRP channels and offer important implications for understanding the dietary-dependent regulation of energy metabolism and control of obesity.

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