scholarly journals Frost and drought: effects of extreme weather events on stem carbon dynamics in a Mediterranean beech forest

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ettore D’Andrea ◽  
Negar Rezaie ◽  
Peter Prislan ◽  
Jozica Gričar ◽  
Jan Muhr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radial Growth ◽  
Beech Forest ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Stressful Event ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Spring Frost ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Late Spring Frost ◽  
Late Frost

SummaryThe effects of short-term extreme events on tree functioning and physiology are still rather elusive. European beech is one of the most sensitive species to late frost and water shortage. We investigated the intra-annual C dynamics in stems under such conditions.Wood formation and stem CO2 efflux were monitored in a Mediterranean beech forest for three years (2015–2017), including a late frost (2016) and a summer drought (2017).The late frost reduced radial growth and, consequently, the amount of carbon fixed in the stem biomass by 80%. Stem carbon efflux in 2016 was reduced by 25%, which can be attributed to the reduction of effluxes due to growth respiration. Counter to our expectations, we found no effects of the 2017 summer drought on radial growth and stem carbon efflux.The studied extreme weather events had various effects on tree growth. Even though late spring frost had a devastating impact on beech radial growth in the current year, trees fully recovered in the following growing season, indicating high resilience of beech to this stressful event.

scholarly journals Unravelling resilience mechanisms in forests: role of non-structural carbohydrates in responding to extreme weather events

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ettore D’Andrea ◽  
Andrea Scartazza ◽  
Alberto Battistelli ◽  
Alessio Collalti ◽  
Simona Proietti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Drought Event ◽  
List Type ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Late Frost

SummaryExtreme weather events are increasing in frequency and intensity due to global climate change. We hypothesized that these have a strong impact on the stem radial growth and the dynamic of non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs).In order to assess the effects on mature trees of a late frost occurred in spring 2016 and a drought event characterizing the summer 2017, we monitored the phenology, the radial growth and the dynamic of starch and soluble sugars in a Mediterranean beech forest.Growth was much more reduced by spring late frost than by summer drought, while NSCs dynamic was deeply involved in counteracting the negative effects of both events, supporting plant survival and buffering source-sink imbalances under such stressful conditions, resulting in a strong trade-off between growth and NSCs dynamic in trees.Overall, our results highlight the key role of NSCs on trees resilience to extreme weather events, confirming the relevant adaptability to stressful conditions. Such an insight is useful to assess how forests may respond to the potential impacts of climate change on ecosystem processes and to define how future management strategies can help adaptation of beech forests in the Mediterranean area.

scholarly journals Frost and drought: Effects of extreme weather events on stem carbon dynamics in a Mediterranean beech forest

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 2365-2379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ettore D'Andrea ◽  
Negar Rezaie ◽  
Peter Prislan ◽  
Jozica Gričar ◽  
Alessio Collalti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dynamics ◽  
Beech Forest ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Drought Effects

scholarly journals Frost and drought: Effects of extreme weather events on stem carbon dynamics in a Mediterranean beech forest

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ettore D'Andrea ◽  
Negar Rezaie ◽  
Peter Prislan ◽  
Jozica Gričar ◽  
Alessio Collalti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dynamics ◽  
Beech Forest ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Drought Effects

scholarly journals Extreme weather events inWest Hungary

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Mézes ◽  
M. Gaál ◽  
K. Szentteleki ◽  
M. Soltész ◽  
J. Nyéki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Absolute Minimum ◽  
Spring Frost ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Prevention System

Agricultural production is a rather risky activity, as it is largely exposed to extreme weather events. This paper focuses on the frost and hail data in springtime, affecting fruit production in West Hungary. Regarding absolute minimum temperatures in April, significant increase of the standard deviations could be observed. Among the sites examined Nagykanizsa shows the highest risk values. According to our evaluation Nagykanizsa is not recommended to plant sour cherry, sweet cherry and apricot orchards because in some years spring frost will occur. If the plantation is in Zalaegerszeg, Szombathely, Gyôr or Keszthely than usage of frost prevention system is recommended. Siófok is the only area to grow apricot with good result.

scholarly journals Soil Tillage and Crop Growth Effects on Surface and Subsurface Runoff, Loss of Soil, Phosphorus and Nitrogen in a Cold Climate

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Marianne E. Bechmann ◽  
Frederik Bøe
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Nutrient Losses ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Subsurface Runoff

Most studies on the effects of tillage operations documented the effects of tillage on losses through surface runoff. On flat areas, the subsurface runoff is the dominating pathway for water, soil and nutrients. This study presents results from a five-year plot study on a flat area measuring surface and subsurface runoff losses. The treatments compared were (A) autumn ploughing with oats, (B) autumn ploughing with winter wheat and (C) spring ploughing with spring barley (n = 3). The results showed that subsurface runoff was the main source for soil (67%), total phosphorus (76%), dissolved reactive phosphorus (75%) and total nitrogen (89%) losses. Through the subsurface pathway, the lowest soil losses occurred from the spring ploughed plots. Losses of total phosphorus through subsurface runoff were also lower from spring ploughing compared to autumn ploughing. Total nitrogen losses were higher from autumn ploughing compared to other treatments. Losses of total nitrogen were more influenced by autumn ploughing than by a nitrogen surplus in production. Single extreme weather events, like the summer drought in 2018 and high precipitation in October 2014 were crucial to the annual soil and nutrient losses. Considering extreme weather events in agricultural management is a necessary prerequisite for successful mitigation of soil and nutrient losses in the future.

Reliability, Resilience and the Oncoming Wave of Retiring Baseload Units, Volume I: The Critical Role of Thermal Units During Extreme Weather Events

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter C. Balash, PhD ◽  
Kenneth C. Kern ◽  
John Brewer ◽  
Justin Adder ◽  
Christopher Nichols ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Weather Events
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