scholarly journals First steps towards time-resolved 'in-house' X-ray diffraction experiments

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (a1) ◽  
pp. C775-C775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radoslaw Kaminski ◽  
Jason Benedict ◽  
Elzbieta Trzop ◽  
Katarzyna Jarzembska ◽  
Bertrand Fournier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Excited State ◽  
Time Resolution ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
High Repetition Rate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Laboratory Equipment ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ligand Charge Transfer

High-intensity X-ray sources, such as synchrotrons or X-ray free electron lasers, providing up to 100 ps time-resolution allow for studying very short-lived excited electronic states in molecular crystals. Some recent examples constitute investigations of Rh...Rh bond shortening,[1] or metal-to-ligand charge transfer processes in CuI complexes.[2] Nevertheless, in cases in which the lifetime of excited state species exceeds 10 μs it is now possible, due to the dramatic increase in the brightness of X-ray sources and the sensitivity of detectors, to use laboratory equipment to explore structural changes upon excitation. Consequently, in this contribution we present detailed technical description of the 'in-house' X-ray diffraction setup allowing for the laser-pump X-ray-probe experiments within the time-resolution at the order of 10 μs or larger. The experimental setup consists of a modified Bruker Mo-rotating-anode diffractometer, coupled with the high-frequency Nd:YAG laser (λ = 355 nm). The required synchronization of the laser pulses and the X-ray beam is realized via the optical chopper mounted across the beam-path. Chopper and laser capabilities enable high-repetition-rate experiments reaching up to 100 kHz. In addition, the laser shutter is being directly controlled though the original diffractometer software, allowing for collection of the data in a similar manner as done at the synchrotron (alternating light-ON & light-OFF frames). The laser beam itself is split into two allowing for improved uniform light delivery onto the crystal specimen. The designed setup was tested on the chosen set of crystals exhibiting rather long-lived excited state, such as, the Cu2Br2L2 (L = C5H4N-NMe2) complex, for which the determined lifetime is about 100 μs at 90 K. The results shall be presented. Research is funded by the National Science Foundation (CHE1213223). KNJ is supported by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education through the "Mobility Plus" program.

Picosecond X-ray Diffraction: System and Applications

1994 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 21-33
Author(s):  
I. V. Tomov ◽  
P. Chen ◽  
P. M. Rentzepis
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transport ◽  
Time Resolution ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Silicon Crystals ◽  
193 Nm ◽  
Gold Platinum

Abstract We report the development of a novel, pulsed x-ray diffraction system with picosecond time resolution. The system has been used to study the heat transport in gold, platinum and silicon crystals heated by 10 ps, 193 nm laser pulses. Further developments and applications of time resolved picosecond x-ray diffraction are discussed.

scholarly journals The time-resolved hard X-ray diffraction endstation KMC-3 XPP at BESSY II

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Rössle ◽  
Wolfram Leitenberger ◽  
Matthias Reinhardt ◽  
Azize Koç ◽  
Jan Pudell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage Ring ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Laser System ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Pixel Detector ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Optical Pump ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
X Ray

The time-resolved hard X-ray diffraction endstation KMC-3 XPP for optical pump/X-ray probe experiments at the electron storage ring BESSY II is dedicated to investigating the structural response of thin film samples and heterostructures after their excitation with ultrashort laser pulses and/or electric field pulses. It enables experiments with access to symmetric and asymmetric Bragg reflections via a four-circle diffractometer and it is possible to keep the sample in high vacuum and vary the sample temperature between ∼15 K and 350 K. The femtosecond laser system permanently installed at the beamline allows for optical excitation of the sample at 1028 nm. A non-linear optical setup enables the sample excitation also at 514 nm and 343 nm. A time-resolution of 17 ps is achieved with the `low-α' operation mode of the storage ring and an electronic variation of the delay between optical pump and hard X-ray probe pulse conveniently accesses picosecond to microsecond timescales. Direct time-resolved detection of the diffracted hard X-ray synchrotron pulses use a gated area pixel detector or a fast point detector in single photon counting mode. The range of experiments that are reliably conducted at the endstation and that detect structural dynamics of samples excited by laser pulses or electric fields are presented.

scholarly journals Time-resolved X-ray diffraction study of structural changes associated with the photocycle of bacteriorhodopsin.

1991 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Koch ◽  
N. A. Dencher ◽  
D. Oesterhelt ◽  
H. J. Plöhn ◽  
G. Rapp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffraction Study ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Observation of Transient Structural Changes on Hydrogen Absorption Process of LaNi4.75Sn0.25 by Time Resolved X-Ray Diffraction

2015 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihiko Machida ◽  
Kensuke Higuchi ◽  
Yoshinori Katayama ◽  
Kouji Sakaki ◽  
Hyunjeong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Absorption ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Absorption Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Experimental and numerical study of ultra-short laser-produced collimated Cu Kα X-ray source

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 442-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Rathore ◽  
V. Arora ◽  
H. Singhal ◽  
T. Mandal ◽  
J.A. Chakera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Intensity ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Short Laser Pulses

AbstractKα X-ray sources generated from the interaction of ultra-short laser pulses with solids are compact and low-cost source of ultra-short quasi-monochromatic X-rays compared with synchrotron radiation source. Development of collimated ultra-short Kα X-ray source by the interaction of 45 fs Ti:sapphire laser pulse with Cu wire target is presented in this paper. A study of the Kα source with laser parameters such as energy and pulse duration was carried out. The observed Kα X-ray photon flux was ~2.7 × 108 photons/shot at the laser intensity of ~2.8 × 1017 W cm−2. A model was developed to analyze the observed results. The Kα radiation was coupled to a polycapillary collimator to generate a collimated low divergence (0.8 mrad) X-ray beam. Such sources are useful for time-resolved X-ray diffraction and imaging studies.

Structural changes during activation of frog muscle studied by time-resolved X-ray diffraction

1986 ◽  
Vol 188 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kress ◽  
H.E. Huxley ◽  
A.R. Faruqi ◽  
J. Hendrix
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Frog Muscle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Unveiling the spatial distribution of molecular coherences at conical intersections by covariance X-ray diffraction signals

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (22) ◽  
pp. e2105046118
Author(s):  
Stefano M. Cavaletto ◽  
Daniel Keefer ◽  
Jérémy R. Rouxel ◽  
Flavia Aleotti ◽  
Francesco Segatta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Conical Intersection ◽  
Conical Intersections ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Diffraction Imaging ◽  
The Rich

The outcomes and timescales of molecular nonadiabatic dynamics are decisively impacted by the quantum coherences generated at localized molecular regions. In time-resolved X-ray diffraction imaging, these coherences create distinct signatures via inelastic photon scattering, but they are buried under much stronger background elastic features. Here, we exploit the rich dynamical information encoded in the inelastic patterns, which we reveal by frequency-dispersed covariance ultrafast powder X-ray diffraction of stochastic X-ray free-electron laser pulses. This is demonstrated for the photoisomerization of azobenzene involving the passage through a conical intersection, where the nuclear wave packet branches and explores different quantum pathways. Snapshots of the coherence dynamics are obtained at high frequency shifts, not accessible with conventional diffraction measurements. These provide access to the timing and to the confined spatial distribution of the valence electrons directly involved in the conical intersection passage. This study can be extended to full three-dimensional imaging of conical intersections with ultrafast X-ray and electron diffraction.

scholarly journals On the possibility of the Observation of Intramolecular Reaction Dynamics in Liquids by Time-resolved X-ray Scattering

2002 ◽  
Vol 216 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Techert ◽  
S. Schmatz
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Free Electron Laser ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Reaction Dynamics ◽  
Structural Studies ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Trans Stilbene

The feasibility of time-resolved structural studies using pulsed X-ray radiation from a 3rd generation synchrotron is discussed and compared with scattering experiments which might be possible with a future free electron laser (X-FEL). As an example, it is shown that the structural changes during the isomerisation process of trans-stilbene into cis-stilbene can be observed using time-resolved X-ray diffraction in the gas-phase as well as in solution.

Subpicosecond X-ray diffraction study of laser-induced disorder dynamics above the damage threshold of organic solids

1999 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 977-981 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Rousse ◽  
C. Rischel ◽  
I. Uschmann ◽  
E. Förster ◽  
P. A. Albouy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Damage Threshold ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Femtosecond Laser Pulses ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Optical Pump ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Lb Films ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Langmuir Blodgett ◽  
Acid Phthalate

Ultrafast disordering in Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) films and TlAP (thallium acid phthalate) crystals has been investigated by optical-pump–X-ray-probe experiments using intense femtosecond laser pulses. A laser-produced plasma X-ray source at 7.12 Å wavelength is used to study atomic dynamics by subpicosecond time-resolved X-ray diffraction. It is found that a drop of the X-ray diffracted intensity appears with time constants from below 600 fs up to a few tens of picoseconds in LB films optically excited at laser fluxes from 1.8 to 27 J cm−2. This loss in the diffracted intensity is understood as a displacement of the diffracting atoms by ∼8 Å from their equilibrium position. The response of the TlAP crystal was significantly slower. The relation to the atomic structure of the materials is discussed.

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