scholarly journals Open innovation and network dynamics. An analysis of openness of co-patenting collaborations in Florence, Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-396
Author(s):  
Francesco Capone ◽  
Niccolò Innocenti
Keyword(s):  
Open Innovation ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Network Ties ◽  
Relational Dynamics ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Innovation Capacity ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relational dynamics for innovation and, in particular, the impact of the openness of innovation process on the innovation capacity of organisations in restricted geographical contexts. Design/methodology/approach Through a negative binomial regression, the work analyses how the characteristics of the openness of the organisation’s innovation process in the period 2004-2010 influence the firm’s patent productivity in the following period (2011-2016). Findings The breadth of the open innovation (OI) process, here measured by the number of external network ties that an organisation realises for the realisation of its patents, has a positive effect on patent productivity. The depth of the openness, that is, the intensity of external network ties, has an equally positive influence on the innovative performance. However, after a tipping point, the patent productivity tends to decrease, underlining the costs and problems of OI practices. Research limitations/implications This study considers only patent collaborations in the city of Florence. Therefore, it focusses on codified innovations and on a single territorial case study. Practical implications The results underline the importance of the adoption of OI practices in restricted geographical contexts (such as cities, clusters or industrial districts) but with several limitations. Only collaborating more with others does not foster the organisation’s invention productivity, but different types of evidence are found here. Originality/value An original database has been created, containing all the information on patents realised in the area of Florence from 2004 until 2016, and a social networks analysis was applied to identify the local innovation networks.

Faculty research productivity under alternative appointment types: tenure vs non-tenure track

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 1348-1357
Author(s):  
Marcus T. Allen ◽  
Carol A. Sweeney
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Research Productivity ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Tenure Track ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The increasing use of non-tenure employment contracting as a cost savings and/or management flexibility increasing mechanism in colleges and universities raises concerns about the impact of this strategy on other aspects of the higher education system. The purpose of this paper is to document reduced research productivity at a university that uses rolling contracts in comparison to research productivity at another university in the same state university system in the USA that uses tenure track contracting. Design/methodology/approach Negative binomial regression analysis allows investigation of the primary variable of interest (appointment type) while controlling for other factors that may also affect research productivity. Findings The findings suggest that non-tenure track employment contracting may have other long-term implications for institutions of higher education that warrant consideration. Originality/value No prior study has investigated the topic of comparative research productivity in business schools using this methodology or data source.

scholarly journals Quantifying the effects of online review content structures on hotel review helpfulness

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjie Fan ◽  
Yong Liu ◽  
Hongxiu Li ◽  
Virpi Kristiina Tuunainen ◽  
Yanqing Lin
Keyword(s):  
Attribution Theory ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Review Literature ◽  
Online Review ◽  
Emotional Intensity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sentence Level ◽  
Review Helpfulness ◽  
The Impact

PurposeDrawing on attribution theory, the current paper aims to examine the effects of review content structures on online review helpfulness, focusing on three pertinent variables: review sidedness, information factuality, and emotional intensity at the beginning of a review. Moreover, the moderating roles of reviewer reputation and review sentiment are investigated.Design/methodology/approachThe review sentiment of 144,982 online hotel reviews was computed at the sentence level by considering the presence of adverbs and negative terms. Then, the authors quantified the impact of variables that were pertinent to review content structures on online review helpfulness in terms of review sidedness, information factuality and emotional intensity at the beginning of a review. Zero-inflated negative binomial regression was employed to test the model.FindingsThe results reveal that review sidedness negatively affects online review helpfulness, and reviewer reputation moderates this effect. Information factuality positively affects online review helpfulness, and positive sentiment moderates this impact. A review that begins with a highly emotional statement is more likely to be perceived as less helpful.Originality/valueUsing attribution theory as a theoretical lens, this study contributes to the online customer review literature by investigating the impact of review content structures on online review helpfulness and by demonstrating the important moderating effects of reviewer reputation and review sentiment. The findings can help practitioners develop effective review appraisal mechanisms and guide consumers in producing helpful reviews.

scholarly journals Servant leaders, ethical followers? The effect of servant leadership on employee deviance

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 624-646
Author(s):  
Heidi Paesen ◽  
Kristel Wouters ◽  
Jeroen Maesschalck
Keyword(s):  
Servant Leadership ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Situational Factor ◽  
Strengthening Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Employee Deviance ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Leadership is considered to be a crucial situational factor in predicting and explaining employee deviance. The purpose of this paper therefore is to investigate the relationship between servant leadership on the one hand and employee deviance on the other. While previous studies on the impact of servant leadership on employee deviance typically aggregated all its dimensions into a single scale, this study also explores the impact of the various dimensions of servant leadership separately. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected via an online survey in two ministries of the Belgian Federal Government (n=3,445). The analyses were conducted using confirmatory factor analysis and multiple linear and negative binomial regression analysis. Findings The empirical results suggest that the generic servant leadership scale has the expected negative, protective effect on both self-reported and observer-reported employee deviance. As for the dimensions, the authors found that only the “putting subordinates first” dimension had a significant negative, protective effect on both self-reported and observer-reported employee deviance. The dimensions “behaving ethically” and “emotional healing” negatively impacted only observer-reported employee deviance and the dimension “creating value for society” negatively impacted only self-reported employee deviance. Surprisingly, the dimension “empowering” had a significant positive, strengthening effect on both self-reported and observer-reported employee deviance. Originality/value While most research assesses servant leadership’s impact on desirable behaviour, this study is about its impact on employee deviance. Also unlike most previous research, this study looks not only at the overall effect of servant leadership, but also at the impact of the various dimensions of servant leadership separately.

The impact of knowledge flows on asset specificity from the perspective of open innovation

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Feihu Zheng ◽  
Hao Jiao ◽  
Junyi Gu ◽  
Hwy-Chang Moon ◽  
Wenyan Yin
Keyword(s):  
Open Innovation ◽  
Weighted Least Squares ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Knowledge Flows ◽  
Asset Specificity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Innovation Capacity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Strong Control ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This study aims to examine how different modes of knowledge flows affect the changes of asset specificity and how ownership control moderates the relationship between knowledge flows and asset specificity in the open innovation paradigm. Design/methodology/approach This paper selects information technology outsourcing as the research base. It uses the feasible weighted least squares modeling method for its analysis and has collected the data from 2,369 research and development contracts of multinational vendor firms in China. Findings The coupled and outbound knowledge flows have a direct and positive effect on asset specificity. Moreover, the results show that weak corporate control has significant moderating effects on the relationship between both coupled and outbound knowledge flows and asset specificity; the strong control positively moderates the relationship between outbound knowledge flows and asset specificity. Practical implications In open innovation, firms build a higher degree of asset specificity to maximize the efficiency of knowledge flows, which then helps them to enhance innovation capacity and market performance. Originality/value Preceding studies have tended to examine the influences of asset specificity as an independent variable in a closed innovation paradigm. Asset specificity is hence often left as the antecedent “black box.” This paper, however, opens the “black box” of asset specificity, which is set as a dependent variable, by investigating the influences of knowledge flows on the asset specificity in the context of open innovation. It also reinterprets the role of asset specificity by adopting the lens of open innovation theory.

Managing open innovation from a knowledge flow perspective: the roles of embeddedness and network inertia in collaboration networks

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxiao Shi ◽  
Lu Lu ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Qingpu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Knowledge Flows ◽  
Knowledge Flow ◽  
Collaboration Network ◽  
Tie Strength ◽  
Collaboration Networks ◽  
Content Type

PurposeBuilding on theories of inter-organizational knowledge flows and social network, we explored how two types of collaboration network embeddedness (NE) (i.e. structural embeddedness (SE) and relational embeddedness (RE)) drive firms' inbound and outbound open innovation (OI) practices from a knowledge flow perspective, and further examined these relationships are to what extent contingent on network inertia (NI).Design/methodology/approachIn this empirical research, the authors collected a sample of patents in the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) industry over the period of 2000–2018. Then the authors examined the direct roles of SE and RE in collaboration networks on firms' inbound and outbound OI practices from a knowledge flow perspective, and the moderating role of NI by using negative binomial regression.FindingsEmpirical results from our study of 96 firms showed that both bridging structural holes position in collaboration networks (i.e. SE) and having stronger tie strength (i.e. RE) would positively affects firms' inbound OI practices, whereas only having stronger tie strength in collaboration networks (i.e. RE) would facilitate outbound OI practices. In addition, NI strengthens the relationships between SE and firm OI practice, but weakens the positive roles of RE on firm OI practice.Originality/valueThis empirical research provides new insights into whether and how firms can grasp the benefits of collaboration NE to conduct OI activities by exploring NI contingencies. It further sheds lights on the scope of the NE–OI issue from a knowledge flow perspective by extending its research context to UAV industry.

Who cares about local feed in local food products? Results from a consumer survey in Germany

2019 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 711-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Profeta ◽  
Ulrich Hamm
Keyword(s):  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Local Food ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Price Premium ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression Model ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Beef Steaks ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse if German consumers are willing-to-pay a price premium for local food produced with local feed. The study provides insights into reasons explaining consumer preferences for animal products produced with local feed. Design/methodology/approach Computer self-assisted personal interviews (CASI) with 1,602 German consumers were conducted. To calculate the price premium for local feed, consumers were asked about their willingness-to-pay (WTP) for local feed. The respondents had to indicate their WTP for the local feed share levels 75, 90 and 100 per cent for pork cutlets, beef steaks, eggs and milk. To measure the impact of consumers’ attitudes and sociodemographic background on the WTP, a zero-inflated negative binomial regression model (ZINB) was calculated. Findings The study reveals that there is a high WTP for animal products produced with local feed. Furthermore, it delivers interesting insights into the WTP for different shares of local feed. Increasing WTPs for a 75, 90 and 100 per cent local feed origin could be found. The logit model in the zero-inflated regression showed that the buying frequency of organic foods exerted a particularly significant impact on one’s belonging to the group which has, in general, no additional WTP for locally produced feed. Originality/value Consumers’ perception of the supply chain of local products is virtually unexplored. This is one of the first papers that take this topic into account.

Clusters and communities: raising the bar towards open innovation 2.0 paradigms

2019 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Tamburis ◽  
Isabella Bonacci
Keyword(s):  
Open Innovation ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Innovation Networks ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Combination Approach ◽  
Research Organisations ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The growing success of open innovation practices in many firms raises the question of whether such principles can be transferred for reinventing public sector organisations. A paradigm based on principles of integrated collaboration, co-created shared value, cultivated innovation ecosystems, unleashed exponential technologies and extraordinarily rapid adoption is the so-called Open Innovation 2.0. The development of this approach reflects the perception that the innovation process has evolved. This study aims to explore new ways to study healthcare networks as key tool for innovation creation and spreading, by deploying the emergent paradigm of Open Innovation 2.0. Design/methodology/approach The study investigates the impact of clusters, or localised networks, involving industrial, academic and institutional players, in the (bio)pharmaceutical setting; the aim is to enrich the line of inquiry into cluster-based innovation by applying a social network analysis (SNA) methodology, with the aim to provide new perspectives for recognising how the set of interactions and relationships in the (bio)pharmaceutical context can lead to higher levels of knowledge transfer, organisational learning and innovation spreading. Findings Starting from the top ten (bio)pharmaceutical companies, and the top ten contract research organisations (CROs), the study helps understand that: the combination of the single big pharma company and the CROs to which great part of the work is externalised, can be compared to a community of transaction that deals with the supply and demand of a specific kind of goods and services; clusters can comprise either a single one or more communities of transaction; virtual CROs act as a community whose all components participate to the creation of value (co-creation), thus comparable to a certain extent to a community of fantasy. Originality/value Based on the novelty of the OI2/SNA combination approach to deal with the “complex” (bio)pharmaceutical industry, the outcomes of the present study mean to highlight: a comprehensive perspective for understanding the dynamics of modularity and their implications for innovation networks; the presence of innovation networks as main mean to promote and support paths of knowledge creation and transfer.

Linking ownership acquired in Chinese firms to post-acquisition innovation performance: role of institutional distance

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Hanif ◽  
Jianfeng Wu ◽  
Ahmad Bilal Babar
Keyword(s):  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Innovation Performance ◽  
Institutional Distance ◽  
Target Firm ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Acquiring Firms ◽  
Target Firms ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The primary purpose of this study is to explore the impact of acquired ownership in Chinese target firm on the innovation performance of developed economies (DE) acquiring firms. Furthermore, the study aims to empirically investigate the moderating influence of institutional distance between two parties’ home countries. Design/methodology/approach For the empirical investigation of the hypotheses, the authors identified cross-border technological acquisitions from the Securities Data Company between 1995 and 2015. A hierarchical negative binomial regression technique was used to analyze 177 technological acquisitions completed by DE acquiring firms in China. Findings Analysis of technological acquisition deals confirmed that acquired ownership undertaken in the Chinese target firms increases the DE acquiring firms’ post-acquisition innovation performance. The authors found that DE acquiring firms underperform in innovation in institutionally distant host countries. Originality/value This study contributes to the international business literature by explaining the importance of acquired ownership undertaken in the Chinese target firms for the DE acquiring firm’s innovation performance. Second, institutional theory defines how institutional uncertainty in terms of distance modifies the positive impact of acquired ownership on acquiring firm’s innovation performance.

Auditor monitoring and restatement dark period

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nourhene BenYoussef ◽  
Mohamed Drira
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Dark Period ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Publicly Traded ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Corporate Governance Mechanisms ◽  
Binomial Regression ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Prior research has examined the impact of corporate governance mechanisms, including external auditing, on accounting restatements likelihood. However, little is known about auditor’s monitoring role in restatement disclosure practices. The purpose of this study is to address this gap by investigating the impact of auditor’s oversight on the timeliness of accounting restatement disclosures as measured by the length of the restatement dark period. Design/methodology/approach The study examines panel data from a sample of restating publicly traded US firms. Negative binomial regression is used to analyze the data because the dependent variable is a count variable and is over-dispersed. Findings The main study’s results indicate that longer auditor tenure and non-audit services provision improve restatement disclosure timeliness. Conversely, companies whose auditors exerted abnormally high levels of audit effort have longer restatement dark periods. Originality/value This study is the first archival research that focuses on auditor’s monitoring role and its impact on the timeliness of restatement disclosures. By doing so, this study contributes to the auditing academic research, professional practice and regulation by providing empirical evidence on an exasperating issue for all participants in the financial markets. In addition, it provides a better understanding of auditor’s monitoring role in the accounting restatement process and offers insights to policymakers, practitioners and investors interested in corporate financial transparency and corporate governance.

Putting the cart (antecedents) before the horse (absorptive capacity): the role of competitive antecedents to the absorptive capacity innovation process

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Desmond Ng ◽  
Leonardo F. Sanchez-Aragon
Keyword(s):  
Absorptive Capacity ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Knowledge Flows ◽  
Relative Advantage ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Content Type ◽  
External Knowledge ◽  
The Us

Purpose The purpose of this study is to theoretically and empirically advance a concept of competitive antecedents to absorptive capacity (AC) research and to explain their relationship to a firm’s innovative performance. A firm’s competitive antecedents involve a relative advantage in a firm’s ability to access external knowledge – (i.e. relative advantage in external knowledge flows) – and a relative advantage in appropriating these external knowledge flows (i.e. relative advantage in appropriability regime). Design/methodology/approach By drawing on network and market share explanations, hypotheses were developed in which a firm’s AC is argued to mediate the influence of these competitive antecedents on a firm’s innovations. In using linear and negative binomial estimation methods, a mediation analysis of the US biotechnology industry was conducted. Findings A firm’s competitive antecedents have a positive influence on a firm’s AC and that these influences indirectly impact a biotechnology firm’s product innovations. Originality/value While a firm’s innovation is widely attributed to its AC, this study’s concept of competitive antecedents shows that a firm’s competitive advantage lies upstream from its AC.

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