animal products
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2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 395-406
Author(s):  
Peter Jones ◽  
Daphne Comfort

This paper offers an exploratory review of how some of the major US and European food retailers have publicly addressed animal welfare. The findings reveal that six interlinked themes, namely, strategic corporate commitment, animal welfare as good business policy, a focus on supply chains, policies on specific categories of animals and animal products, antibiotics, and auditing, illustrated the food retailers’ approach to animal welfare. The authors raise a range of issues about the retailers’ approach to animal welfare, including the aspirational nature of their commitments, the emphasis on regular audits, the role of external assurance in the reporting process, pressure from animal welfare campaigns, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper offers an accessible review how some of the major US and European food retailers have publicly addressed the issue of animal welfare. Keywords: animal welfare, animal welfare statements, food retailers, supply chain, audit, external assurance


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fentaw Teshome ◽  
Adino Andaregie ◽  
Tessema Astatkie

Abstract Background: Nutrition security of women is one of the most vital foundations for overall development and wellbeing of society. Since understanding the factors that influence the nutrition security of women is very important for implementing appropriate interventions, this study was conducted to determine the determinants of the nutrition security status of rural women in Northwest Ethiopia. Methods: Survey data were collected from 197 rural women randomly selected using a two-stage sampling method (Cluster sampling in the first stage and Stratified random sampling in the second stage). Data in the two outcomes (nutritionally secured whose BMI ≥ 18.5, and nutritionally insecure whose BMI < 18.5 kg/m2) were analyzed using Binary Logit regression model to determine the significance of the determinants on women’s nutrition security status. Results: The study showed that 72.6% of the women in the study area were nutritionally insecure. Results of the statistical analysis revealed that family size (negative effect), and women’s daily feed frequency, the consumption of milk, fruits and vegetables, and animal products, and women empowerment (all positive effect) were the significant determinants of the nutrition security status of rural women. The weight, the height, and the BMI of nutritionally insecure women (44 kg, 1.45 m, and 15.8 kg/m2, respectively) were significantly lower than those of nutritionally secured women (50.8 kg, 1.55 m, and 21.1 kg/m2, respectively). Conclusions: This is the first study on the determinants of rural women’s nutrition security status using social and demographic data collected at the grass root level and analyzed using an advanced econometric model. The findings of the study show the need for government and other stakeholders’ interventions to increase access to nutritious food products and to provide trainings on feeding culture and dietary diversity to women. The findings of this study can help the Government of Ethiopia to achieve its National Development Priorities in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of UN, particularly Goals 2, 3 and 5.


2022 ◽  
Vol 354 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 149-157
Author(s):  
G. I. Dayanova ◽  
I. K. Egorova ◽  
L. D. Protopopova ◽  
A. N. Krylova ◽  
N. N. Nikitina

Relevance. Currently, there is a need to develop proposals for the creation of a vertically integrated system of procurement stations with modern slaughterhouses in the Arctic zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The methodology for determining the potential capacity of a primary processing point for animal products allows planning the rational placement of production facilities, their state regulation and financing.Methods. At the research we used such methods as monographic, economic and statistical, graphic, computational and constructive methods. The potential capacities are determined on the basis of the necessary equality between the monthly capacity according to the schedule of arrival of animals from agricultural producers and the monthly productivity of the point according to capacity.Results. The article provides a brief analysis of the development of agriculture in the Arctic regions, which are divided into the Anabarskaya, Prilenskaya, Yanskaya, Indigirskaya, Kolymskaya groups of uluses (districts) according to the basin principle of the main navigable rivers. The strategic directions of the development of branches of the agro-industrial complex in the north of Yakutia are considered. The methodology and results of calculating the potential capacity of primary processing points in each group of uluses based on the number of reindeer, horses and cattle (cattle) and seasonality of slaughter and daily capacity for initial planning are presented. According to the results of the study, it is proved that to ensure a relatively full load during the year (except for the summer period) the primary processing centers in the Arctic zone of RS (Ya) can be of small and medium capacity. The layout scheme of the centers for processing livestock products is proposed, taking into account the further optimal increase in performance with capacities: 25 heads per shift — in v. Saskylakh, Anabarsky ulus (district) and Deputatsky settlement, Ust-Yansky ulus; 10 heads per shift — in u.v. Tiksi, Bulunsky ulus and u.v. Chersky, Nizhnekolymsky ulus; 7 heads per shift — inv. Khonuu, Momsky ulus.


2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenkai Tong ◽  
Wenfeng He ◽  
Xiao Fan ◽  
Aiwei Guo

Plant tannins are widely found in plants and can be divided into hydrolyzed tannins and condensed tannins. In recent years, researchers have become more and more interested in using tannin-rich plants and plant extracts in ruminant diets to improve the quality of animal products. Some research results show that plant tannins can effectively improve the quality of meat and milk, and enhance the oxidative stability of the product. In this paper, the classification and extraction sources of plant tannins are reviewed, as well as the biological functions of plant tannins in animals. The antioxidant function of plant tannins is discussed, and the influence of their structure on antioxidation is analyzed. The effects of plant tannins against pathogenic bacteria and the mechanism of action are discussed, and the relationship between antibacterial action and antioxidant action is analyzed. The inhibitory effect of plant tannins on many kinds of pathogenic viruses and their action pathways are discussed, as are the antiparasitic properties of plant tannins. The anti-inflammatory action of tannins and its mechanism are analyzed. The function of plant tannins in antidiarrheal action and its influencing factors are discussed. In addition, the effects of plant tannins as feed additives on animals and the influencing factors are reviewed in this paper to provide a reference for further research.


Author(s):  
Benjamin van Selm ◽  
Anita Frehner ◽  
Imke J. M. de Boer ◽  
Ollie van Hal ◽  
Renske Hijbeek ◽  
...  

AbstractIt is not known whether dietary guidelines proposing a limited intake of animal protein are compatible with the adoption of circular food systems. Using a resource-allocation model, we compared the effects of circularity on the supply of animal-source nutrients in Europe with the nutritional requirements of the EAT-Lancet reference diet. We found the two to be compatible in terms of total animal-source proteins but not specific animal-source foods; in particular, the EAT-Lancet guidelines recommend larger quantities of poultry meat over beef and pork, while a circular food system produces mainly milk, dairy-beef and pork. Compared with the EAT-Lancet reference diet, greenhouse gas emissions were reduced by up to 31% and arable land use reduced by up to 42%. Careful consideration of the feasible substitutability between animal-source foods is needed to define potential roles of animal products in circular human diets.


2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 589
Author(s):  
Mariëlle Stel ◽  
Janina Eggers ◽  
Stina Nagelmann

Zoonoses have become more frequent and intense. As intensive animal farming plays a role in the emergence of zoonoses, the increase in intensive animal farming increases the risk of future zoonotic outbreaks. This raises the question of to what extent people are aware that intensive animal farming poses a risk to zoonoses. Furthermore, if people would be made aware, would they be willing to take protective measures, such as reducing their animal food consumption? This was investigated in a representative descriptive study of 1009 Dutch citizens. We measured participants’ perception of the risk of intensive animal farming and their perception of the way animals are treated. We measured their willingness to consume fewer animal products and their opinions on governments banning intensive animal farms. Additionally, participants estimated the percentage of meat from intensive farms that they consume. The main results showed that most participants were aware that zoonoses can occur through intensive animal farming, but not where their meat comes from. The majority of participants were willing to change their animal consumption behavior if this could reduce future zoonotic outbreaks.


2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Alzuheir ◽  
Hamzeh Al Zabadi ◽  
Muhammed Abu Helal

Background: Brucellosis is one of the most popular zoonosis in the world caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Brucella. The disease is considered an occupational risk to persons dealing with animals and animal products. Brucellosis is endemic in livestock in Palestine. Yet, few studies investigated human brucellosis in Palestine. We aimed to estimate Brucella seropositivity among veterinary healthcare professionals in Northern Palestine, and to assess the associated risk factors.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in four governorates in the Northern West Bank (Jenin, Nablus, Qalqylia, and Tulkarm). A sample of 100 veterinarians was collected. Participants were interviewed using a structured questionnaire to assess risk factors. Blood samples were collected to be screened for the presence of anti-Brucella IgG using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).Results: The seroprevalence of Brucellosis by ELISA was 76%. Risk factors included working in the public sector, dealing with animals' vaccination, longer period of exposure, and advancing in age.Conclusions: Brucellosis is a high-risk occupational disease among veterinarians. Its prevalence rate among veterinary healthcare workers in the Northern West Bank, Palestine was very high compared to neighboring countries and internationally.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenlu He ◽  
Hao Hou ◽  
Yifei Pei ◽  
Qian Chen ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
...  

Abstract BackgroundTo determine the associations of animal products intake and physical activity and their combined effects with cause-specific and all-cause mortality among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in China.MethodsBaseline data of 7311 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients recruited with a stratified random cluster sampling method were collected from December 2013 to January 2014. Participants were followed up until the date of their death or December 2019 for survivors, whichever came first. Nonlinear trends of cause-specific and all-cause mortality were assessed using restricted cubic splines with three knots placed at centiles 10, 50, and 90 of diet intake. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the combined relationship of physical activity and animal products with cause-specific and all-cause mortality.ResultsDuring a median follow-up of 6.1 years, 692 (9.5%) T2DM patients died. The main cause of death was cardiovascular disease (CVD) (35.8%), followed by cancer (20.6%). After multivariable adjustment, a higher level of physical activity was nonlinearly associated with lower all-cause and CVD mortality in a J-shaped pattern, with the protective effect observed >8 MET-h/d. Higher consumption of red meat, poultry, and aquatic products was associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 0.75, 0.64, 0.75, respectively, all P<0.05). In the highest tertiles of physical activity, a higher intake of red meat, poultry, and aquatic products was associated with a lower risk for all-cause mortality than in the lowest tertiles (red meat, HR = 0.80, 0.62, 0.51, and 0.48; poultry, HR = 0.85, 0.51, 0.48, and 0.45; aquatic products, HR = 0.80, 0.57, 0.55, and 0.40, respectively). Similarly, the protective effect of moderate to high intake of poultry, aquatic products, and eggs on CVD mortality in high physical activity was found. ConclusionsOur study highlights that in T2DM patients, better adherence to moderate to high consumption of animal products, including red meat, poultry, and aquatic products, together with engaging in moderate to high levels of physical activity exerts a beneficial effect in lowering cause-specific and all-cause mortality in China.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Roux ◽  
Lisa Kaufmann ◽  
Manan Bhan ◽  
Julia Le Noe ◽  
Sarah Matej ◽  
...  

2022 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Letícia Rodrigues Gomes ◽  
Fabiana Castro Alves ◽  
José Renaldo Vilar da Silva Filho ◽  
Clesio Morgado de Souza ◽  
Maria Naiara Pereira da Silva ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT: In dry regions worldwide, providing feed for ruminants has been a great challenge, with a need to use plants which contribute to the resilience of production systems. Maniçoba is seen as a potential forage resource in the Brazilian semiarid, being used as hay or silage to feed ruminants. This review summarized results regarding forage production of maniçoba, in addition to dry matter (DM) intake, productive performance, and quality of animal products obtained providing maniçoba based diets, when compared to diets composed by other roughages for goats and sheep. Considering the evaluated studies, the average yield of maniçoba varied from 367 to 1,592 kg DM ha-1, enhancing the forage yield by increasing plant fertilization and planting density. Diets based on maniçoba promoted similar or higher intake of DM and productive performance for goats and sheep, when compared to diets comprising other forage resources. The quality of animal products was also similar to the ones obtained with diets based on traditional roughages, such as Tifton 85 hay or spineless cactus. Therefore, maniçoba allows a forage production that may contribute to ruminant production systems in semiarid environment and promote productive performance and animal product quality compatible to the ones provided by traditional forage plants.


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