Effects on knee joint force from a body weight load reduction system driven by rubber-less artificial muscle

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 642-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Saito ◽  
Toshiyuki Satoh ◽  
Norihiko Saga
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Artificial Muscle ◽  
The Body ◽  
Load Reduction ◽  
Pneumatic Artificial Muscle ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Joint Force ◽  
Reduction System

Purpose The purpose of this study is to confirm that the body weight load reduction system which is developed by us is effective to reduce the knee joint force of the walking user. This system is driven by pneumatic artificial muscle, functions as a mobile walking assist system. Design/methodology/approach The developed body weight load reduction system driven by rubber-less artificial muscle (RLAM) was tested experimentally. Simple force feedback control is applied to the RLAM. The system moves as synchronized with vertical movement of the walking user. The knee joint force during walking experiments conducted using this system is estimated by measurement of floor reaction force and position data of lower limb joints. Findings The knee joint force during walking is reduced when using this system. This system contributes to smooth change of knee joint force when the lower limb contacts the floor. Practical implications This lightweight body weight load reduction system is particularly effective for realizing easy-to-use mobile walking assist system. Originality/value A lightweight body weight load reduction system using pneumatic artificial muscle is a novel proposal. Additionally, these new evaluation results demonstrate its effectiveness for reducing knee joint force during walking.

White tea drink (Camellia sinensis) improves endurance and body weight maintenance of rats

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmud Aditya Rifqi ◽  
Stefania Widya Setyaningtyas ◽  
Qonita Rachmah
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Intervention Research ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Intervention ◽  
Content Type ◽  
White Tea ◽  
Significant Difference

PurposeWhite tea is an unfermented tea made from young shoots of Camellia sinensis protected from sunlight to avoid polyphenol degradation. White tea contains a high level of polyphenolic compounds known as catechins. Several types of evidence have suggested that tea consumption has benefits in body weight and endurance maintenance. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of white tea on body weight and endurance of animal models.Design/methodology/approachThis research was an intervention design using 20 Wistar white rats (Rattus Norvegicus) in body weight between 150 and 200 g. The rats were randomized into four groups, three groups receiving white tea drink (WTD) with different doses and the other group receiving plain water in equal volume as a control group for four weeks. The forced swim test (FST) was done to measure their struggling capacity, and digital bodyweight to measure the weight.FindingsIntervention (WTD Groups and Control) caused weight gain among except G3 with the highest doses of white tea. The result showed that WTD intake in G3 had a significant difference (p < 0.05) on body weight gain compared to control. The authors found that WTD in a specific dose (G3: 0.22 mg) tends to maintain the body weight of animals (219.2 ± 41.96; 212.6 ± 46.90, respectively), while other doses caused weight gain. WTD also significantly increased the swimming and struggling capacity of rats that represented improvements the endurance along with the test. There was a statistically significant difference in endurance among all groups (p < 0.05).Research limitations/implicationsThe results of this study can be followed as human intervention research as an input for nutritionists and sports scientists to explore the beneficial effect of white tea.Practical implicationsThe results of this study can be followed as human intervention research as an input for nutritionists and sports scientists to explore the beneficial effect of white tea.Originality/valueThis study adds more evidence and information about the advantages of white tea as potential beverages in future healthy lifestyles.

scholarly journals Design and Control of a 1-DOF Robotic Lower-Limb System Driven by Novel Single Pneumatic Artificial Muscle

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsung-Chin Tsai ◽  
Mao-Hsiung Chiang
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Artificial Muscle ◽  
Robotic System ◽  
Artificial Muscles ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
Pneumatic Artificial Muscle ◽  
Torsion Spring ◽  
Pneumatic Artificial Muscles ◽  
Control Response ◽  
Spring Mechanism

This study determines the practicality and feasibility of the application of pneumatic artificial muscles (PAMs) in a pneumatic therapy robotic system. The novel mechanism consists of a single actuated pneumatic artificial muscle (single-PAM) robotic lower limb that is driven by only one PAM combined with a torsion spring. Unlike most of previous studies, which used dual-actuated pneumatic artificial muscles (dual-PAMs) to drive joints, this design aims to develop a novel single-PAM for a one degree-of-freedom (1-DOF) robotic lower-limb system with the advantage of a mechanism for developing a multi-axial therapy robotic system. The lower limb robotic assisting system uses the stretching/contraction characteristics of a single-PAM and the torsion spring designed by the mechanism to realize joint position control. The joint is driven by a single-PAM controlled by a proportional pressure valve, a designed 1-DOF lower-limb robotic system, and an experimental prototype system similar to human lower limbs are established. However, the non-linear behavior, high hysteresis, low damping and time-variant characteristics for a PAM with a torsion spring still limits its controllability. In order to control the system, a fuzzy sliding mode controller (FSMC) is used to control the path tracking for the PAM for the first time. This control method prevents approximation errors, disturbances, un-modeled dynamics and ensures positioning performance for the whole system. Consequently, from the various experimental results, the control response designed by the joint torsion spring mechanism can also obtain the control response like the design of the double-PAMs mechanism, which proves that the innovative single-PAM with torsion spring mechanism design in this study can reduce the size of the overall aid mechanism and reduce the manufacturing cost, can also improve the portability and convenience required for the wearable accessory, and is more suitable for the portable rehabilitation aid system architecture.

2P1-A13 Development of high contractile pneumatic artificial muscle for lower limb power assist wear

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 (0) ◽  
pp. _2P1-A13_1-_2P1-A13_4
Author(s):  
Yoshitaka Miki ◽  
Daisuke Sasaki ◽  
Toshiro Noritsugu ◽  
Masahiro Takaiwa
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Artificial Muscle ◽  
Pneumatic Artificial Muscle

Pleated Pneumatic Artificial Muscle-Based Actuator System as a Torque Source for Compliant Lower Limb Exoskeletons

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 1046-1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pieter Beyl ◽  
Michael Van Damme ◽  
Ronald Van Ham ◽  
Bram Vanderborght ◽  
Dirk Lefeber
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Artificial Muscle ◽  
Pneumatic Artificial Muscle ◽  
Actuator System

scholarly journals Sliding and Lower Limb Mechanics during Sit-Stand-Sit Transitions with a Standing Wheelchair

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Yu-Sheng Yang ◽  
Ming-De Chen ◽  
Wei-Chien Fang ◽  
Jyh-Jong Chang ◽  
Chang-Chih Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Shear Displacement ◽  
Standing Up ◽  
Resultant Forces

Purpose.This study aimed to investigate the shear displacement between the body and backrest/seat, range of motion (ROM), and force acting on the lower limb joints during sit-stand-sit transitions by operating an electric-powered standing wheelchair.Methods and Materials.The amounts of sliding along the backrest and the seat plane, ROM of lower limb joints, and force acting on the knee/foot were measured in twenty-four people with paraplegia.Results.Without an antishear mechanism, the shear displacement was approximately 9 cm between the user’s body and the backrest/seat surfaces. During standing up, the user’s back slid down and the thigh was displaced rearward, but they moved in opposite directions when wheelchair sat back down. A minimum of 60 degrees of ROM at the hip and knee was needed during sit-stand-sit transitions. The maximal resultant forces acting on the knee restraints could reach 23.5% of body weight.Conclusion.Sliding between the body and backrest/seat occurred while transitioning from sitting to standing and vice versa. A certain amount of ROM at lower limb joints and force acting on the knee was necessitated during sit-stand-sit transitions. Careful consideration needs to be given to who the user of the electric powered standing wheelchair is.

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