Migrating a complex classification scheme to the semantic web: expressing the Integrative Levels Classification using SKOS RDF

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ceri Binding ◽  
Claudio Gnoli ◽  
Douglas Tudhope
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Classification Schemes ◽  
Facet Structure ◽  
Simple Knowledge Organization System ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Knowledge Organization System ◽  
Faceted Classification ◽  
Integrative Levels ◽  
Query Patterns

PurposeThe Integrative Levels Classification (ILC) is a comprehensive “freely faceted” knowledge organization system not previously expressed as SKOS (Simple Knowledge Organization System). This paper reports and reflects on work converting the ILC to SKOS representation.Design/methodology/approachThe design of the ILC representation and the various steps in the conversion to SKOS are described and located within the context of previous work considering the representation of complex classification schemes in SKOS. Various issues and trade-offs emerging from the conversion are discussed. The conversion implementation employed the STELETO transformation tool.FindingsThe ILC conversion captures some of the ILC facet structure by a limited extension beyond the SKOS standard. SPARQL examples illustrate how this extension could be used to create faceted, compound descriptors when indexing or cataloguing. Basic query patterns are provided that might underpin search systems. Possible routes for reducing complexity are discussed.Originality/valueComplex classification schemes, such as the ILC, have features which are not straight forward to represent in SKOS and which extend beyond the functionality of the SKOS standard. The ILC's facet indicators are modelled as rdf:Property sub-hierarchies that accompany the SKOS RDF statements. The ILC's top-level fundamental facet relationships are modelled by extensions of the associative relationship – specialised sub-properties of skos:related. An approach for representing faceted compound descriptions in ILC and other faceted classification schemes is proposed.

Ontological Conceptualization Based on the SKOS

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhad Ameri ◽  
Boonserm Kulvatunyou ◽  
Nenad Ivezic ◽  
Khosrow Kaikhah
Keyword(s):  
Domain Ontology ◽  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Ontology Development ◽  
Stepping Stone ◽  
Simple Knowledge Organization System ◽  
Knowledge Organization System ◽  
Representation Formalism

Ontological conceptualization refers to the process of creating an abstract view of the domain of interest through a set of interconnected concepts. In this paper, a thesaurus-based methodology is proposed for systematic ontological conceptualization in the manufacturing domain. The methodology has three main phases, namely, thesaurus development, thesaurus evaluation, and thesaurus conversion and it uses simple knowledge organization system (SKOS) as the thesaurus representation formalism. The concept-based nature of a SKOS thesaurus makes it suitable for identifying important concepts in the domain. To that end, novel thesaurus evaluation and thesaurus conversion metrics that exploit this characteristic are presented. The ontology conceptualization methodology is demonstrated through the development of a manufacturing thesaurus, referred to as ManuTerms. The concepts in ManuTerms can be converted into ontological classes. The whole conceptualization process is the stepping stone to developing more axiomatic ontologies. Although the proposed methodology is developed in the context of manufacturing ontology development, the underlying methods, tools, and metrics can be applied to development of any domain ontology. The developed thesaurus can serve as a standalone lightweight ontology and its concepts can be reused by other ontologies or thesauri.

COVID-19 and the social organization of knowledge in Wikipedia: a study of social representations

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Roszkowski ◽  
Bartłomiej Włodarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
English Edition ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Conceptual Structures ◽  
The Social ◽  
Knowledge Organization System ◽  
Quantitative Analyses

PurposeThe paper aims to present the development of conceptualization of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) based on associations with other articles on English edition of Wikipedia. The main goal of the paper is to study the social organization of knowledge about COVID-19 within the Wikipedia community of practice.Design/methodology/approachThe methodological approach taken in this study was based on the application of Moscovici's theory of social representations to Wikipedia's knowledge organization system (KOS). Internal links in the Wikipedia article about COVID-19 were considered anchors in its social representations. Each link in the introductory part of the article was considered an indicator of the semantic relationship between COVID-19 and other concepts from Wikipedia's knowledge base. The subject of this study was links extracted from all revisions of the COVID-19 article between February and September 2020. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed on these conceptual structures using both synchronic and diachronic approaches.FindingsIt was found that the evolution of anchors in the Wikipedia article on COVID-19 was in line with the mechanism of symbolic coping related to infectious disease. It went through stages of divergence, convergence and normalization. It shows that this mechanism governs the social organization of knowledge related to COVID-19 on Wikipedia.Originality/valueNo studies have been devoted to the image of COVID-19 as presented by the evolution of links in Wikipedia and its implications for knowledge organization (KO).

Merging Controlled Vocabularies for More Efficient Subject-Based IR Systems

2013 ◽  
pp. 254-267
Author(s):  
Ioannis Papadakis ◽  
Konstantinos Kyprianos
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Digital Library ◽  
Controlled Vocabulary ◽  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Controlled Vocabularies ◽  
Common Structure ◽  
Simple Knowledge Organization System ◽  
Knowledge Organization System ◽  
The World

One of the most important tasks of a librarian is the assignment of appropriate subject(s) to a resource within a library’s collection. The subjects usually belong to a controlled vocabulary that is specifically designed for such a task. The most widely adopted controlled vocabulary across libraries around the world is the Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH). However, there seems to be a shifting from traditional LCSH to modern thesauri. In this paper, a methodology is proposed, capable of incorporating thesauri into existing LCSH-based Information Retrieval–IR systems. In order to achieve this, a mapping methodology is proposed capable of providing a common structure consisting of terms belonging to LCSH and/or a thesaurus. The structure is modeled as a Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS) ontology, which can be employed by appropriate subject-based IR systems. As a proof of concept, the proposed methodology is applied to the DSpace-based University of Piraeus digital library.

scholarly journals Teorias da linguística cognitiva para pensar a categorização no âmbito da Ciência da Informação

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-93
Author(s):  
Luciana Monteiro KREBS ◽  
Rita do Carmo Ferreira LAIPELT
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
System A ◽  
Simple Knowledge Organization System ◽  
Knowledge Organization System

Resumo Discorre-se sobre fenômenos descritos pela Linguística Cognitiva, estabelecendo relações com a Ciência da Informação, tendo a categorização como fio condutor temático da discussão. A categorização é abordada pela perspectiva da Linguística Cognitiva e cotejada com as demais abordagens linguísticas, com o objetivo de contribuir para a pesquisa na área de organização do conhecimento. Abordam-se os conceitos de análise componencial sêmica, conhecimento dicionarístico e enciclopédico, para depois se trabalharem teorias da Linguística Cognitiva, como semelhanças familiares, Semântica de Frames, categorias radiais, teoria dos protótipos e, por fim, barreiras categoriais fluidas. Conclui-se que a categorização se dá através de complexos processos que refletem aspectos experimentais, imaginativos e ecológicos da mente, colocando em suspenso a ideia de que as categorias possuam limites claros e rígidos. A interpretação de conceitos e, consequentemente, a categorização dependem do contexto de aplicação e, portanto, não são universais. Este artigo contribui para a discussão vigente a respeito da problemática da interoperabilidade de Simple Knowledge Organization System a partir da reflexão sobre essas questões.

scholarly journals Diretrizes para avaliação de sistemas de organização do conhecimento representados em SKOS

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Rogério Aparecido Sá Ramalho ◽  
Janailton Lopes Sousa
Keyword(s):  
World Wide Web ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Simple Knowledge Organization System ◽  
Knowledge Organization System

Introdução: O Modelo de Dados Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS) é uma recomendação do World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) para  a representação de Sistemas de Organização do Conhecimento em ambientes digitais, na última década o modelo SKOS tem contribuído para um aumento exponencial da quantidade de vocabulários publicados em ambientes digitais, evidenciando a necessidade de estudos que favoreçam uma melhor avaliação destes vocabulários. Objetivo: Apresentar uma sistematização de diretrizes para a avaliação de vocabulários publicados em SKOS. Metodologia: Pesquisa exploratória de caráter bibliográfica e documental, com abordagem teórica e qualitativa. Resultados: É apresentada uma sistematização de estudos que possam contribuir para a sistematização de diretrizes para a avaliação de vocabulários codificados em SKOS. Conclusões: A representação de vocabulários controlados em ambientes digitais incorpora inúmeras potencialidades aos Sistemas de Organização do Conhecimento, porém também apresenta novos desafios, principalmente no que se refere à avaliação de requisitos técnicos e definição formal dos relacionamentos, evidenciando a importância de estudos que contribuam para um maior aperfeiçoamento dos processos de avaliação de vocabulários em ambientes digitais.

scholarly journals Representação em SKOS de um microtesauro de conhecimentos estratégicos nas organizações

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 187-198
Author(s):  
Marilia Winkler de Morais ◽  
Rogério Aparecido Sá Ramalho
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Simple Knowledge Organization System ◽  
Knowledge Organization Systems ◽  
Knowledge Organization System ◽  
De Se ◽  
Word Wide Web

RESUMO A retórica acerca da necessidade de se explorar ferramentas que contribuam para o crescimento ordenado da Web pelo prisma das transformações que o avanço tecnológico tem causado na sociedade é cada vez mais substancial. Sendo assim, métodos de organização da informação são de expressiva importância para garantir não apenas a recuperação da mesma, mas igualmente promover a transposição das fronteiras culturais e geográficas de acesso à informação. Nesse cenário, ressaltam-se os Sistemas de Organização do Conhecimento (Knowledge Organization Systems) como ferramentas que englobam todos os tipos de esquemas que visam promover a gestão do conhecimento, como esquemas de classificação, cabeçalhos de assunto, tesauros, ontologias, entre outros. Em 2009, a Word Wide Web Consortium apresentou o SKOS - Simple Knowledge Organization System como um modelo que tem se destacado na padronização de recursos informacionais na Web, pois fornece uma maneira de representar os Sistemas de Organização do Conhecimento tradicionais permitindo que eles sejam legíveis por máquinas. Considerando a crescente tendência de elaboração de tesauros para utilização em ambientes digitais, destacamos o Tesauro Brasileiro de Ciência da Informação, publicado em 2014 pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia, como instrumento fundamental para recuperar e acessar informações com precisão. Sem dúvidas, sua transposição para a Web representa ainda mais um avanço para a área de Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação. Portanto, o presente trabalho se dedica à avaliação da conversão da categoria “Informação e Conhecimento Estratégicos nas Organizações” do Tesauro Brasileiro de Ciência da Informação em um microtesauro em SKOS. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de cunho teórico e metodológico que se propõe a abordar os temas de representação, organização e disponibilização de vocabulários em ambientes digitais. Caracteriza-se, também, como pesquisa de natureza aplicada e exploratória uma vez que objetiva gerar conhecimentos para aplicação prática. O presente estudo evidenciou que o SKOS se apresenta como uma opção de baixo custo, favorece maior interoperabilidade entre vocabulários a partir da integração de diferentes conjuntos de dados e tem expressiva contribuição para o aperfeiçoamento das tradicionais ferramentas de recuperação da informação.

Merging Controlled Vocabularies for More Efficient Subject-Based IR Systems

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 74-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Papadakis ◽  
Konstantinos Kyprianos
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Digital Library ◽  
Controlled Vocabulary ◽  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Controlled Vocabularies ◽  
Common Structure ◽  
Simple Knowledge Organization System ◽  
Knowledge Organization System ◽  
The World

One of the most important tasks of a librarian is the assignment of appropriate subject(s) to a resource within a library’s collection. The subjects usually belong to a controlled vocabulary that is specifically designed for such a task. The most widely adopted controlled vocabulary across libraries around the world is the Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH). However, there seems to be a shifting from traditional LCSH to modern thesauri. In this paper, a methodology is proposed, capable of incorporating thesauri into existing LCSH-based Information Retrieval–IR systems. In order to achieve this, a mapping methodology is proposed capable of providing a common structure consisting of terms belonging to LCSH and/or a thesaurus. The structure is modeled as a Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS) ontology, which can be employed by appropriate subject-based IR systems. As a proof of concept, the proposed methodology is applied to the DSpace-based University of Piraeus digital library.

Towards a diversified knowledge organization system

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 1124-1138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maayan Zhitomirsky-Geffet
Keyword(s):  
Domain Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Knowledge Network ◽  
Generic Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cultural Minority ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Knowledge Organization System ◽  
Knowledge Content ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The need for inclusive and logically consistent representation of diverse and even confronting viewpoints on the domain knowledge has been widely discussed in the literature in the past decade. The purpose of this paper is to propose a generic model for building an open coherent diversified knowledge organization system (KOS). Design/methodology/approach The proposed model incorporates a generic epistemological component, the validity scope type, assigned to each statement in the constructed KOS. Statements are clustered by their association with various validity scope types into internally coherent subsystems. These subsystems form a knowledge organization network connected through the universal (consensual) subsystems with more than one validity scope type. The model extends the Galili’s Cultural Content Representation paradigm, which divides the knowledge content of a scientific theory into two confronting parts: body and periphery. Findings The knowledge organization network model makes it possible to comparatively examine similarities and differences among various viewpoints and theories on the domain knowledge. The presented approach conforms with the principle of Open Knowledge Network initiative for creation of open accessible knowledge. Practical implications The proposed model can be used for ontological reasoning by a variety of information services, such as ontology-based decision-support and learning systems, diversified search and customer management applications. Social implications The model enables explicit representation of social and cultural minority voices and historical knowledge in the KOS. Originality/value The main contribution of the proposed model is that it generalizes and enhances various previously proposed representations of epistemological aspects of KOS and allows for multiple inter-linked subsystems to coherently co-exist as part of the extensible network.

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