Pandemic spending demands raise fiscal risks in Chile

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Headline CHILE: Pandemic spending demands raise fiscal risks

Subject Mozambique's new government. Significance President Filipe Nyusi on January 17 unveiled his first cabinet. The line-up marks a break with the administration of former President Armando Guebuza, but balances competing factions within the ruling FRELIMO party. The new government's main focus will be to turn offshore natural gas discoveries into liquefied natural gas (LNG) exports. Declines in FRELIMO's electoral support indicate pressure to demonstrate more inclusive benefits than has been the case with previous mega-projects. Impacts Lower prices for traditional (agriculture) and megaproject exports (coal, aluminium) will continue; last year exports fell by 8.4%. With mining under stress, companies may delay production expansion planned to take place after the completion of the Nacala railway. For the short term, fiscal risks are greater than debt stress -- particular given 2014 election-related spending.


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Headline ARGENTINA/US: YPF lawsuit could raise fiscal risks


Headline SOUTH AFRICA: Airline plan poses renewed fiscal risks


Significance The unprecedented volume of ECB bond purchases, and the liquidity of the secondary debt market, have supported economies through the COVID-19 pandemic. Concerns persist that investor sentiment could reverse, raising bond yields, or that stuttering recoveries could increase fiscal risks. Impacts Investors and policymakers will monitor bond yields, which remain ultra-low but are edging up; higher yields could spark policy easing. Higher rates would most restrict the borrowing of the most highly indebted governments -- Greece, Italy, Portugal, Spain and France. Even the budgets of less indebted members, Germany, the Netherlands and Austria, will worsen as they are now being hit hard by COVID-19.


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Headline NATO: Higher spending commitments imply fiscal risks


Subject The impact of the Baha Mar development's travails. Significance The Baha Mar tourism development is The Bahamas' largest and most ambitious tourism project, with significant implications for the country's growth prospects, employment and government revenue. Work on the development began in 2011, and when completed, it will include four hotels, a casino, convention centre, golf course and more than 40 restaurants and bars. However, the opening, initially scheduled for December 2014 and later rescheduled to March 2015, has still not taken place, and no firm new date has been set. Impacts Failure of Baha Mar would undermine hopes of reducing the fiscal deficit. The Bahamian tourism sector already stands to lose from a possible diversion of US tourists to Cuba. Baha Mar's bankruptcy could also affect the finances of local businesses and suppliers at a time when the economy is already weak.


Significance No progress has been made on infrastructure spending after the White House pledged in April to publish its plan. Impacts Transport PPP deals will increase, concentrated in metropolitan areas and bypassing many Southern and Midwestern states. Most US states face a steep learning curve for effective PPP implementation, creating fiscal risks if they sponsor deals that fail. Toll and infrastructure funds such as Australia’s Transurban and Macquarie, Spain’s Cintra and Canada’s Brookfield will win business. Efforts to lift the 1956 federal highway tolling ban are likely to be blocked by the trucking industry.


Headline INDIA: Credit rating upgrade may hide fiscal risks


Author(s):  
Jeeyun Oh ◽  
Mun-Young Chung ◽  
Sangyong Han

Despite of the popularity of interactive movie trailers, rigorous research on one of the most apparent features of these interfaces – the level of user control – has been scarce. This study explored the effects of user control on users’ immersion and enjoyment of the movie trailers, moderated by the content type. We conducted a 2 (high user control versus low user control) × 2 (drama film trailer versus documentary film trailer) mixed-design factorial experiment. The results showed that the level of user control over movie trailer interfaces decreased users’ immersion when the trailer had an element of traditional story structure, such as a drama film trailer. Participants in the high user control condition answered that they were less fascinated with, absorbed in, focused on, mentally involved with, and emotionally affected by the movie trailer than participants in the low user control condition only with the drama movie trailer. The negative effects of user control on the level of immersion for the drama trailer translated into users’ enjoyment. The impact of user control over interfaces on immersion and enjoyment varies depending on the nature of the media content, which suggests a possible trade-off between the level of user control and entertainment outcomes.


Mousaion ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-54
Author(s):  
Wanyenda Leonard Chilimo

 There is scant research-based evidence on the development and adoption of open access (OA) and institutional repositories (IRs) in Africa, and in Kenya in particular. This article reports on a study that attempted to fill that gap and provide feedback on the various OA projects and advocacy work currently underway in universities and research institutions in Kenya and in other developing countries. The article presents the findings of a descriptive study that set out to evaluate the current state of IRs in Kenya. Webometric approaches and interviews with IR managers were used to collect the data for the study. The findings showed that Kenya has made some progress in adopting OA with a total of 12 IRs currently listed in the Directory of Open Access Repositories (OpenDOAR) and five mandatory self-archiving policies listed in the Registry of Open Access Repositories Mandatory Archiving Policies (ROARMAP). Most of the IRs are owned by universities where theses and dissertations constitute the majority of the content type followed by journal articles. The results on the usage and impact of materials deposited in Kenyan IRs indicated that the most viewed publications in the repositories also received citations in Google Scholar, thereby signifying their impact and importance. The results also showed that there was a considerable interest in Swahili language publications among users of the repositories in Kenya.


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