The institutionalization of management control systems in a family firm

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 649-673
Author(s):  
Marcelo S. Pagliarussi ◽  
Michel A. Leme
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Family Firms ◽  
Family Values ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Management Control Systems ◽  
Family Identity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Family ◽  
Control Management

Purpose This study aims to understand how family values, family managers and non-family managers influence the institutionalization of management control systems in family firms. Design/methodology/approach A case study was conducted in a family business group that underwent a process of adoption and transformation of its management control system. Findings The results indicate that several non-family managers, besides the controller, played crucial roles in harmonizing the logic of a generalized practice (quality control management) with the existing rationalities of the family firm. The authors also observed that the ISO 9001/quality control management logic together with the family values of professionalism, meritocracy and an emphasis on the business’s identity rather than the family identity have laid the groundwork for the formalization of the business group’s management controls. Practical implications This study shows that quality control management is an accessible source of guidance for the formalization of managerial activities within an organization. Originality/value This paper contributes to the literature by clarifying the role performed by non-family managers during the formalization of management control in family firms. It also shows how the family values of professionalism, meritocracy and an emphasis on the business’s identity rather than family identity can influence the way control is exercised within family firms.

Calibrating management control technologies and the dual identity of family firms

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarek El Masri ◽  
Matthäus Tekathen ◽  
Michel Magnan ◽  
Emilio Boulianne
Keyword(s):  
Family Firms ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Mental Maps ◽  
Family Identity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Empirical Level ◽  
The Family ◽  
Management Controls ◽  
Dual Identities ◽  
Control Technologies

Purpose Family firms possess dual identities, being the family and the business, which can be segmented and integrated to various degrees. This study examines whether and how management control technologies are calibrated to fit into the dual identities of family firms. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative study of 20 family firms was conducted using semi-structured, in-depth interviews with owner-managers, drawings of mental maps and publicly available information. The notion of calibration was developed and used, with its three components of graduation, purpose and reference, as an organizing device for the interpretive understanding of the management control usage and its relation to family firms’ dual identities. Findings The study finds that the use of calculative, family-centric and procedural management controls – in sum the pervasive use of management control technologies – are associated with a professionalization of the family firm, a foregrounding of the business identity and a reduction of the disadvantageous side of familiness. In comparison, the pragmatic and minimal use of management control technologies are found to be associated with an emphasis on family identity. It transpires as liberating, engendering trust and unfolding a familial environment. Research limitations/implications Because results are derived from a qualitative approach, they are not generalizable at an empirical level. By showing how the use of management control technologies is calibrated with reference to family firms’ dual identities, the paper reveals the perceived potency of control technologies to affect the identity of firms. Practical implications The study reveals how family firms perceive management control technologies as strengthening their business identity while weakening their family identity. Thereby, this study provides an account of how management control technologies are expected to change the identity of firms. Originality/value This paper contributes to the management control and family business literatures because it uncovers how management control technologies are calibrated in reference to family firms’ dual identities. It shows that calculative, family-centric and procedural management controls are used to professionalize the firm and strengthen its business identity as well as to reduce the negative effects of the family identity. The paper also illustrates how the liberating force of using pragmatic and minimal control technologies can serve to give prominence to the family identity.

Synthesizing management control frameworks

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winnie O'Grady ◽  
Paul Rouse ◽  
Cathy Gunn
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Management Control Systems ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Control Framework ◽  
Explicit Consideration ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
Viable System ◽  
Levers Of Control ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the holistic nature of control systems to understand how they operate across organizational levels and manage change.Design/methodology/approachThis paper takes an analytical approach using the viable system model (VSM) to assess the two main frameworks of control reported in the accounting literature.FindingsThe VSM provides an elegant framework for management control systems with explicit consideration of: multiple levels of control, communication channels, interactions with the environment, and the mechanisms for attaining balance between stability and change.Practical implicationsThe evaluation of current management control systems produces specific suggestions for improving the levers of control frameworkOriginality/valueThe VSM has not previously been aligned with management control frameworks.

Paradoxical tensions of the COVID-19 pandemic: a paradox theory perspective on the role of management control systems in helping organizations survive crises

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph Kober ◽  
Paul J. Thambar
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Management Control Systems ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
Paradox Theory ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThis paper presents paradox theory as a useful theoretical lens for researchers exploring crises such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The authors argue that paradox theory, which emphasizes a “both/and” as opposed to an “either/or” approach, is ideally suited for management control systems (MCS) research on crises.Design/methodology/approachThe authors adopt a revelatory case approach to provide empirical examples of the insights that paradox theory can provide.FindingsThis paper highlights how MCS can be used to simultaneously manage short-term/operational and long-term/strategic objectives to navigate a crisis. Furthermore, it highlights how MCS can be mobilized during crises to identify and embrace opportunities.Practical implicationsThis paper illustrates the importance of MCS focusing on not just the short-term, but also the long-term, and managing multiple objectives in assisting organizations to survive crisis.Originality/valueThis paper highlights the benefits of using paradox theory to understand the role of MCS in helping organizations manage crises and to use a crisis as a source of opportunity.

In the field of tension between creativity and efficiency: a systematic literature review of management control systems for innovation activities

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Lill ◽  
Andreas Wald ◽  
Jan Christoph Munck
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Management Control Systems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Control Systems Design

PurposeThe number of theoretical and empirical research on management control of innovation activities has significantly increased. Existing studies in this field are characterized by a wide dispersion and a multitude of different definitions. The purpose of this article is to provide a systematic review of the literature on management control of innovation activities and to synthesize the current body of knowledge.Design/methodology/approachFollowing a systematic review approach, this article reviews 79 articles on management control for innovation activities from 1959 to 2019 and inductively derives a multi-dimensional framework.FindingsThe review of existing studies advances the debate about the detrimental versus beneficial character of management control systems for innovation, showing that the repressing character of control is not inherent to control itself, but emanates from the design of the respective management control system.Research limitations/implicationsThe multi-dimensional framework connects and combines existing research and thus synthesizes the current state of knowledge in this field. Additionally, the framework can guide practitioners to systematically assess context factors and consequences of their management control systems design, and it shows avenues for future research.Originality/valueThe scientific and practical value of this paper is the convergence of the current body of knowledge consisting of various definitions and conceptualizations and the identification of avenues for future research.

Implementing CSR activities through management control systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 531-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamia Laguir ◽  
Issam Laguir ◽  
Emmanuel Tchemeni
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Management Control Systems ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Global Standards ◽  
Strategic Csr ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Cross Case Analysis

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to take into account Simons’ (1994) formal levers of control framework and more informal processes to examine how organizations implement and manage corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities through management control systems (MCSs). Design/methodology/approach A multiple-case study was conducted in ten large French organizations. Qualitative data were collected during in-depth semi-structured interviews with the managers who were best informed on CSR practices and MCSs. The authors then performed within-case and cross-case analysis. Findings The study shows that organizations use different MCSs to manage CSR activities directed toward their salient stakeholders – that is, employees, customers, suppliers and community. Specifically, the authors found that social MCSs are used to communicate CSR values, manage risk, evaluate CSR activities, and identify opportunities and threats. In addition, the use of MCSs to implement CSR activities is mainly driven by the need to satisfy salient stakeholder demands, manage legitimacy and reputation issues, and meet top management expectations and enhance their commitment. Last, the use of social MCSs is hindered by a lack of clear strategic CSR objectives and action plans, a lack of global standards and measurement processes for CSR, and a lack of time and financial resources. Originality/value The study addresses recent calls in the literature for research into the ways formal and informal control systems are used to implement CSR activities and provides insight that may stimulate further research.

scholarly journals Bridging management control systems and innovation

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rúben Silva Barros ◽  
Ana Maria Dias Simões da Costa Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Management Control Systems ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
Innovation Mode ◽  
Behavioural Aspects

Purpose The purpose of this study is to present the evolution of thinking on the role of management control systems (MCSs) in innovation, according to the development of control practices, and to provide a reflection on the achievements of the more recent literature. Design/methodology/approach This paper assesses articles, books and book chapters that have explored MCSs in innovation, together with seminal works on management accounting and control. Findings Moving from the traditional phase where MCSs were seen as detrimental to innovation, the literature has now reached a new consensus that attributes a positive role to control. In this recent phase, it arises from the literature that MCSs in the realm of innovation should embrace a multiplicity of controls; MCSs depend on the magnitude and innovation mode of a company; MCSs evolve over time; and that synergies and tensions are expected to arise. Adding these factors to the inherent complexity of innovation, the assertion is that qualitative approaches should be undertaken to infuse the field with more fine-grained evidence. It is also proposed that this methodological approach be used to address the following points: (1) the use of multiple controls; (2) synergies and tensions; and (3) behavioural aspects of controls in relation with innovation. Originality/value The paper is of value for researchers who have an interest in studying the use of MCSs in innovation and in qualitative research and proposes some areas of research that could be explored.

How management control systems enable and constrain integrated thinking

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Dimes ◽  
Charl de Villiers
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Management Control Systems ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Perceived Trust

Purpose This paper aims to examine how management control systems (MCS) can enable and constrain the successful adoption of integrated thinking in an organisation. Design/methodology/approach The study adopts a case study approach, involving in-depth interviews and documentary evidence. Findings The case study organisation perceived trust to be critical to the successful adoption of integrated thinking, and informal social controls with strong endorsement from senior management frequently substituted for more formal technical controls in helping to develop a trust-based organisational culture. These cultural changes improved collaboration and brought economic benefits by encouraging outcome-based decision-making rather than capital-based decision-making, thereby enabling employees to identify and address poorly performing projects earlier. However, established performance measurement systems geared towards reporting and rewarding accounting profits created tension, constraining the potential benefits of integrated thinking by reinforcing business unit protectionism. Practical implications Integrated thinking can be seen as a form of management with the potential to improve organisational outcomes. An improved understanding of factors that might enable or constrain integrated thinking could facilitate its spread. Originality/value Despite several calls for research on the practical implementation of integrated thinking, this has not been studied extensively. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is one of the firsts to contribute to a better understanding of the role of MCS in the successful implementation of integrated thinking in an organisation. The study also contributes to the MCS literature.

Better with age: financial reporting quality in family firms

2019 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Tommasetti ◽  
Marcelo Á. da Silva Macedo ◽  
Frederico A. Azevedo de Carvalho ◽  
Sergio Barile
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Family Firms ◽  
Reporting Quality ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Financial Reporting Quality ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Family Control ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the literature on financial reporting quality (FRQ) within family firms (FFs), assessing whether longevity can determine a different propensity to earning management (EM) behaviors. Design/methodology/approach The sample, composed by Italian and Brazilian listed family (and non-family) firms, is segregated into old and young. For each subsample, unsigned discretionary accruals are calculated, using two different EM models. A linear regression model is then proposed, together with some robustness tests, to confirm the research hypothesis. Findings The outcome is that, within FFs, the entrenchment effect seems to be diminishing with the company’s age, up to become lower than the alignment effect. With some caveat, research also demonstrates that old FFs are more propense to supply higher FRQ than any other subsample group. Research limitations/implications The authors demonstrated that, in terms of EM decision process, FFs become virtuous just with time. More research is needed to evaluate the impact of the share and management control separately and to analyze different generation segmentation. Practical implications This paper could help non-family stakeholders, as it shows that different company types (family vs non-family), at a different stage of the life-cycle (young vs old) have a different attitude toward FRQ. On the other hand, family owners could exploit the longevity as a value driver. Originality/value This paper suggests that agency theory and socio-emotional theory are complementary in explaining the family control role in earnings management decisions. The study also contributes to the debate of FF homogeneity and on risk behavior in FFs, often portrayed as having a patient capital.

Sustainability reporting integrated into management control systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Kerr ◽  
Paul Rouse ◽  
Charl de Villiers
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Balanced Scorecard ◽  
Sustainability Reporting ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Management Control Systems ◽  
Management Control System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Balanced Scorecard ◽  
External Reporting

Purpose – This paper aims to examine how three different organisations integrate sustainability reporting into management control systems (MCS). Design/methodology/approach – A case study examination of sustainability reporting integrated into MCS in three New Zealand organisations. Findings – The integration of sustainability reporting into MCS holds advantages for organisations to operationalise sustainability objectives, broaden stakeholder accountability as well as intensify interactions with stakeholders, formalise organisation beliefs and improve communication of sustainability measures internally. While frameworks such as the balanced scorecard (BSC) can facilitate implementation of sustainability reporting, some organisations may choose to fully integrate the latter into their management control system. Originality/value – Sustainability reporting is sometimes seen as an external reporting philosophy that can be managed as a separate project. The authors show it can be integrated into MCS, either entirely or through tools such as the BSC. The authors develop a framework that may be useful in future studies to locate our case organisations.

A visual and rhetorical perspective on management control systems

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carina Söderlund ◽  
Magnus Hansson
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Visual Communication ◽  
Information Design ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Management Control Systems ◽  
Shop Floor ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
And Function ◽  
Role And Function

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the role and function of visuals, visual communication and information design as they relate to management control systems and visual management (VM) in lean-inspired organisations. This paper helps expand knowledge on how visual and design studies can contribute to research on VM as part of a management control system. Design/methodology/approach A study is outlined, which was conducted at a multinational manufacturing company to investigate employees’ perceptions and use of visual devices on the shop floor, including their related reactions and behaviour. The study is delimited to operation management, lean manufacturing and lean boards (i.e. daily management boards and performance measurement boards). Findings The findings point out the persuasive purpose of lean boards, as well as the metaphoric and persuasive functions of the visuals and information design in management control systems. Originality/value Visual research and design research are rare within studies of management control systems. There is a need to perform research that takes into account the role and function of visual communication and information design in VM. The proposed areas for future research can provide design principles, as well as insights into the complexity of visual communication and information design in VM and management control studies.

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