scholarly journals Preschool Enrollment, Classroom Instruction, Elementary School Context, and the Reading Achievement of Children from Low-Income Families

Author(s):  
Robert Crosnoe ◽  
Aprile D. Benner ◽  
Pamela Davis-Kean
2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 530-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy B. Hertzog

This study explores how a project-based approach, based on gifted education pedagogy, was implemented in a public school program where the majority of students were from low-income families. The 2 first-grade teachers in this study were able to change their teaching practices to include more strategies commonly found in gifted programs such as brainstorming, creating surveys, and collecting data. The teachers also indicated a greater comfort level with a child-centered and project-based approach to curricular units over the course of the study. In addition, classroom observations indicated students were better behaved when engaged in project and small-group activities, as seen in classroom observations. This paper also highlights several challenges to implementing project-based approaches in the early childhood classroom. Teachers in this study perceived barriers to implementing the project approach that they had been taught in their professional development course. They felt constraints from their school context, as well as from their own beliefs and assumptions about their students. They often had difficulty assuming the role of facilitator and releasing control of learning to the students. However, as the teachers in this study implemented the new approaches, they were able to overcome many of the internal and external limitations that they expressed prior to beginning the units. This study has practical implications for reform initiatives related to the identification of strengths and talents in students who are typically underserved in gifted programs.


2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 2156759X1101500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather A. Bower ◽  
Dana Griffin

The literature has lauded parental involvement as an effective strategy to increase student achievement, but schools still struggle with how to effectively involve parents of color and low-income families. In an effort to assess the effectiveness of the Epstein Model of Parental Involvement in high-poverty, high-minority schools, the authors conducted a case study of an urban elementary school that uses parental involvement practices stipulated in the model. This article provides implications for school counselors and suggestions for future research.


2021 ◽  
Vol 123 (13) ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Shira Eve Epstein ◽  
Brett L. M. Levy

Context Civic education is marginalized in many U.S. schools. It is especially rare in elementary schools and in schools serving low-income students of color. Although professional development opportunities in civic education for teachers are limited, these experiences can positively influence teachers’ conceptions of teaching for civic engagement. There is a need for quality professional learning to promote civic education in schools. Focus of Study This chapter explores three elementary school educators’ experiences learning about teaching for civic engagement (TfCE) during their time in a university-based online course on the topic and while they were teaching low-income students of color in a public urban elementary school in the northeastern United States. In the context of the university course, we ask the following related research questions: (1) How do three elementary school teachers conceptualize teaching for civic engagement? (2) How do they perceive their readiness to teach for civic engagement in their professional context? Research Design We used the qualitative methods of document analysis and interview. Specifically, we collected and analyzed nine course assignments and conducted two extended interviews with each of the three participants. Findings We found that during the course, the teachers adopted valuable ideas about developing students’ abilities to identify, deliberate, and act on public problems— demonstrating broadened visions of TfCE. They also described various aspects of their school context that they perceived as unfriendly toward such pedagogy, including an emphasis on high-stakes assessment. Referencing contextual constraints as well as opportunities for TfCE, they expressed varied forms of readiness to enact civic-oriented instruction. Recommendations These findings suggest that to support TfCE, teacher educators should dedicate coursework or other forms of professional development to TfCE, address teachers’ differentiated responses, and confront the absence of civic education in schools.


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