An Instrument for Accurate and Non-Invasive Screening of Skin Cancer Based on Multimodal Imaging

AbstractThe tryptophan to kynurenine ratio (Trp/Kyn) has been proposed as a cancer biomarker. Non-invasive topical sampling of Trp/Kyn can therefore serve as a promising concept for skin cancer diagnostics. By performing in vitro pig skin permeability studies, we conclude that non-invasive topical sampling of Trp and Kyn is feasible. We explore the influence of different experimental conditions, which are relevant for the clinical in vivo setting, such as pH variations, sampling time, and microbial degradation of Trp and Kyn. The permeabilities of Trp and Kyn are overall similar. However, the permeated Trp/Kyn ratio is generally higher than unity due to endogenous Trp, which should be taken into account to obtain a non-biased Trp/Kyn ratio accurately reflecting systemic concentrations. Additionally, prolonged sampling time is associated with bacterial Trp and Kyn degradation and should be considered in a clinical setting. Finally, the experimental results are supported by the four permeation pathways model, predicting that the hydrophilic Trp and Kyn molecules mainly permeate through lipid defects (i.e., the porous pathway). However, the hydrophobic indole ring of Trp is suggested to result in a small but noticeable relative increase of Trp diffusion via pathways across the SC lipid lamellae, while the shunt pathway is proposed to slightly favor permeation of Kyn relative to Trp.

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Non-Invasive Technologies for the Diagnosis and Management of Skin Cancer

Dermatologic Clinics ◽

10.1016/s0733-8635(17)30099-2 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. i

Author(s):

Aaron S. Farberg ◽

Darrell S. Rigel

Keyword(s):

Skin Cancer ◽

Diagnosis And Management ◽

Non Invasive

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Convolutional Neural Networks Model in Premature Detection of Melanoma

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering - Special Issue ◽

10.35940/ijitee.l1002.10812s219 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (12S2) ◽

pp. 6-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

Neural Networks ◽

Skin Cancer ◽

Convolutional Neural Networks ◽

Additional Data ◽

Data Set ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Convolution Filter ◽

The University ◽

Improved Accuracy

The objective of this research is provide to the specialists in skin cancer, a premature, rapid and non-invasive diagnosis of melanoma identification, using an image of the lesion, to apply to the treatment of a patient, the method used is the architecture contrast of Convolutional neural networks proposed by Laura Kocobinski of the University of Boston, against our architecture, which reduce the depth of the convolution filter of the last two convolutional layers to obtain maps of more significant characteristics. The performance of the model was reflected in the accuracy during the validation, considering the best result obtained, which is confirmed with the additional data set. The findings found with the application of this base architecture were improved accuracy from 0.79 to 0.83, with 30 epochs, compared to Kocobinski's AlexNet architecture, it was not possible to improve the accuracy of 0.90, however, the complexity of the network played an important role in the results we obtained, which was able to balance and obtain better results without increasing the epochs, the application of our research is very helpful for doctors, since it will allow them to quickly identify if an injury is melanoma or not and consequently treat it efficiently.

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Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm: an inadvertent consequence of COVID-19—a case report

European Heart Journal - Case Reports ◽

10.1093/ehjcr/ytab203 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (7) ◽

Author(s):

Stephen Brennan ◽

Saadah Sulong ◽

Matthew Barrett

Keyword(s):

Multimodal Imaging ◽

Coronary Artery Occlusion ◽

Artery Occlusion ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Medical Complications ◽

Mechanical Complication ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Case Summary

Abstract Background Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm (LVP) is an uncommon but serious mechanical complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The immediate medical complications of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are well recognized, but its indirect effect on patients and healthcare systems is potentially less perceivable. Case summary In this report, a 72-year-old man who was anxious about attending hospital during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic was eventually found to have a total right coronary artery occlusion after a delayed emergency department presentation. He ultimately developed severe symptomatic heart failure and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) revealed that a large LVP with concomitant severe ischaemic mitral regurgitation had evolved from his infarct. The patient was successfully discharged home after the surgical replacement of his mitral valve and repair of his LVP. Discussion This case highlights a salient downstream effect of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): the delay in presentation, diagnosis, and management of common treatable conditions such as AMI. It also underscores the importance of non-invasive multimodal imaging on the timely identification of the mechanical complications of AMI. In particular, CMR can play a crucial role in the characterization and management of LVP.

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